{"id":19143,"date":"2022-12-03T01:07:36","date_gmt":"2022-12-03T00:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=19143"},"modified":"2022-12-02T17:34:15","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T16:34:15","slug":"mop-tezka-inflace-zpusobuje-vyrazny-pokles-realnych-mezd-v-zemich-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/12\/03\/mop-tezka-inflace-zpusobuje-vyrazny-pokles-realnych-mezd-v-zemich-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"MOP: T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 inflace zp\u016fsobuje v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd v zem\u00edch EU"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Siln\u00e1 inflace v kombinaci s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm zpomalen\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu, kter\u00e9 je z\u010d\u00e1sti poh\u00e1n\u011bno v\u00e1lkou na Ukrajin\u011b a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed energetickou kriz\u00ed, zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v mnoha zem\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles re\u00e1ln\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch mezd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle nov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace pr\u00e1ce (MOP) sni\u017euje krize kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu st\u0159edn\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd a obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b tvrd\u011b postihuje dom\u00e1cnosti s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy.<\/p>\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va o mzd\u00e1ch 2022-2023 ukazuje vliv inflace a COVID-19 na mzdy a kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu. Odhaduje, \u017ee r\u016fst glob\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch mezd v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed klesl v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 na minus 0,9 procenta, co\u017e je poprv\u00e9 v tomto stolet\u00ed, kdy byl re\u00e1ln\u00fd r\u016fst glob\u00e1ln\u00edch mezd negativn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mezi vysp\u011bl\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi G20 se odhaduje, \u017ee re\u00e1ln\u00e9 mzdy v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 klesly o 2,2 procenta, zat\u00edmco re\u00e1ln\u00e9 mzdy v rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se zem\u00edch G20 vzrostly o 0,8 procenta, co\u017e je ale o 2,6 procenta m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e rok p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed COVID-19 v roce 2019.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u00edce glob\u00e1ln\u00edch kriz\u00ed, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00edme, vedlo k poklesu re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd a p\u0159ivedlo des\u00edtky milion\u016f pracovn\u00edk\u016f do \u0161patn\u00e9 situace, proto\u017ee \u010del\u00ed rostouc\u00ed nejistot\u011b,\u201c uvedl gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel MOP Gilbert F. Houngbo.<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e1 nerovnost a chudoba se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed, pokud nebude zachov\u00e1na kupn\u00ed s\u00edla nejm\u00e9n\u011b placen\u00fdch. Krom\u011b toho by to mohlo ohrozit tak pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 o\u017eiven\u00ed po pandemii, co\u017e by mohlo povzbudit dal\u0161\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nepokoje po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a podkopat c\u00edl dosa\u017een\u00ed prosperity a m\u00edru pro v\u0161echny,\u201c dodal.<\/p>\n

Nal\u00e9hav\u00e1 zm\u011bna politiky je nutn\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Krize \u017eivotn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed po v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch mzdov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t\u00e1ch pracovn\u00edk\u016f a jejich rodin b\u011bhem krize COVID-19, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla v mnoha zem\u00edch nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dopad na skupiny s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy.<\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va ukazuje, \u017ee rostouc\u00ed inflace m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed n\u00e1klady osob s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy. Je to proto, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00e9ho disponibiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu utr\u00e1cej\u00ed za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b vystaveny v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen ne\u017e postradateln\u00e9 polo\u017eky.<\/p>\n

Inflace podle zpr\u00e1vy tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu minim\u00e1ln\u00edch mezd.<\/p>\n

Odhady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee navzdory nomin\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00faprav\u00e1m v mnoha zem\u00edch, pro kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici \u00fadaje, zrychluj\u00edc\u00ed se cenov\u00e1 inflace rychle naru\u0161uje re\u00e1lnou hodnotu minim\u00e1ln\u00edch mezd.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza ukazuje, \u017ee je nal\u00e9hav\u011b nutn\u00e9 uplatnit dob\u0159e navr\u017een\u00e1 politick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pomohou udr\u017eet kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu a \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 n\u00e1mezdn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f a jejich rodin.<\/p>\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u201epravd\u011bpodobnosti nebo hloubky recese\u201c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem by mohla b\u00fdt adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00faprava minim\u00e1ln\u00edch mzdov\u00fdch sazeb, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee devades\u00e1t procent \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f MOP m\u00e1 zaveden\u00e9 syst\u00e9my minim\u00e1ln\u00edch mezd.<\/p>\n

Podle zpr\u00e1vy tak\u00e9 siln\u00fd trojstrann\u00fd soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dialog a kolektivn\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mohou pomoci dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch \u00faprav mezd b\u011bhem krize.<\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed politiky, kter\u00e9 mohou zm\u00edrnit dopad krize \u017eivotn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na dom\u00e1cnosti, pat\u0159\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skupiny, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad pouk\u00e1zky pro dom\u00e1cnosti s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy s c\u00edlem pomoci jim p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu z\u00e1kladn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed, nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u011b z p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnoty (DPH) na toto zbo\u017e\u00ed, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e inflace pro dom\u00e1cnosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 aby to pomohlo sni\u017eovat inflaci.<\/p>\n

\u201eMus\u00edme v\u011bnovat zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost pracovn\u00edk\u016fm na st\u0159edn\u00edm a doln\u00edm konci mzdov\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly. Boj proti zhor\u0161en\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd m\u016f\u017ee pomoci udr\u017eet hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd r\u016fst, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pomoci obnovit zam\u011bstnanost na \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed,\u201c uvedla Rosalia Vazquez-Alvarezov\u00e1, jedna z autor\u016f zpr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n

\u201eTo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt efektivn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnost nebo hloubku recese ve v\u0161ech zem\u00edch a regionech.\u201c<\/p>\n

Region\u00e1ln\u00ed trendy<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 obsahuje region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje a \u00fadaje o zem\u00edch, ukazuje, \u017ee v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 stoupala inflace v zem\u00edch s vysok\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy proporcion\u00e1ln\u011b rychleji ne\u017e v zem\u00edch s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi a st\u0159edn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy, co\u017e vedlo k n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm region\u00e1ln\u00edm trend\u016fm v oblasti re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd:<\/span><\/p>\n

V Evropsk\u00e9 unii, kde syst\u00e9my udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a mzdov\u00e9 dotace v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pandemie do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry chr\u00e1nily zam\u011bstnanost a mzdovou \u00farove\u0148, se r\u016fst re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd zv\u00fd\u0161il v roce 2021 na 1,3 procenta, ale v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 klesl o 2,4 procenta.<\/p>\n

Situace ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b je mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed, r\u016fst re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd byl v roce 2020 4,0 procenta navzdory pandemii a 3,3 procenta v roce 2021. Tato \u00farove\u0148 r\u016fstu byla udr\u017eov\u00e1na v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 vzdoruj\u00ed trendu klesaj\u00edc\u00edch mezd, jsou v Asii a Tichomo\u0159\u00ed, kde r\u016fst re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd \u010dinil v roce 2021 3,5 procenta, a v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 byl r\u016fst re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd 1,3 procenta.<\/p>\n

Severn\u00ed Amerika (Kanada a USA) byly nejv\u00edce nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovlivn\u011bny, proto\u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd r\u016fst re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd sklouzl v roce 2021 na nulu a v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2022 klesl o 3,2 procenta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Siln\u00e1 inflace v kombinaci s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm zpomalen\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu, kter\u00e9 je z\u010d\u00e1sti poh\u00e1n\u011bno v\u00e1lkou na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[41,683,3083],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19143"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19144,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19143\/revisions\/19144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}