{"id":18433,"date":"2022-11-19T01:03:06","date_gmt":"2022-11-19T00:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=18433"},"modified":"2022-11-18T18:58:12","modified_gmt":"2022-11-18T17:58:12","slug":"cinske-letajici-ponorkove-drony-ukazuji-budoucnost-valceni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/11\/19\/cinske-letajici-ponorkove-drony-ukazuji-budoucnost-valceni\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed ponorkov\u00e9 drony ukazuj\u00ed budoucnost v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Nov\u00e9 drony Longbow 1 a 2 mohou l\u00e9tat i plavat, jsou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hypersonick\u00e9 a nelze je zastavit \u017e\u00e1dnou zn\u00e1mou protiraketovou obranou.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna by mohla za\u010d\u00edt vyv\u00edjet takzvan\u00e9 \u201ecross-medium\u201c zbran\u011b schopn\u00e9 proj\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00fdmi oblastmi v jedin\u00e9m \u00fatoku, aby se vyhnula a porazila protiraketovou obranu.<\/p>\n

Tento t\u00fdden\u00a0den\u00edk<\/a>\u00a0Eurasian Times uvedl, \u017ee \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci z technick\u00e9 univerzity v Harbinu odhalili dva prototypy ponorkov\u00fdch dron\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou plavat i l\u00e9tat.<\/p>\n

Drony pojmenovan\u00e9 Longbow 1 a Longbow 2 dok\u00e1\u017eou ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e9st n\u00e1klad o hmotnosti jednoho kilogramu a pono\u0159it se a\u017e 100 metr\u016f pod vodu.\u00a0Longbow 1 je dron s pevn\u00fdm k\u0159\u00eddlem, zat\u00edmco Longbow 2 m\u00e1 design skl\u00e1dac\u00edho k\u0159\u00eddla, podle zpr\u00e1vy Eurasian Times.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i testech proveden\u00fdch v \u0159\u00edjnu na p\u0159ehrad\u011b Longfengshan ve Wuchangu l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed podvodn\u00ed drony navigovaly pod vodou po dobu 40 sekund, pak se vyno\u0159ily a l\u00e9taly zcela autonomn\u011b, uv\u00e1d\u00ed stejn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci uvedli, \u017ee na\u0161li n\u011bkolik technick\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by umo\u017enila dron\u016fm \u010delit v\u00fdzv\u00e1m operac\u00ed ve vzduchu a ve vod\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed kompozit\u016f z uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, kter\u00e9 nahrazuj\u00ed kov a opat\u0159en\u00ed na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hmotnosti.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 poznamenali, \u017ee konstrukce skl\u00e1dac\u00edho k\u0159\u00eddla Longbow 2 byla ur\u010dena ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed schopnosti pr\u016fchodu m\u00e9diem, ale m\u011bla probl\u00e9my se stabilitou letu, co\u017e vy\u017eadovalo dev\u011bt konstruk\u010dn\u00edch zm\u011bn k dosa\u017een\u00ed stabiln\u00edho letu.<\/p>\n

Drony Longbow jsou jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze zbran\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu, kter\u00e9 \u010c\u00edna vyvinula.\u00a0V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed leto\u0161n\u00edho roku Asia Times informovaly o \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m protilodn\u00edm nadzvukov\u00e9m raketov\u00e9m torp\u00e9du, zbrani nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d m\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee let\u011bt 200 kilometr\u016f rychlost\u00ed 2,5 Mach, vstoupit do re\u017eimu placht\u011bn\u00ed na 20 kilometr\u016f a pot\u00e9 na posledn\u00edch 10 kilometr\u016f do C\u00edl se p\u0159epne do re\u017eimu nadzvukov\u00e9ho torp\u00e9da s rychlost\u00ed 100 metr\u016f za sekundu.<\/p>\n

Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd obrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m nedok\u00e1\u017ee odrazit takov\u00fd \u00fatok na st\u0159edn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost, proto\u017ee zbra\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit kurz nebo se pono\u0159it a\u017e na 100 metr\u016f, aby se vyhnula obran\u011b lodi.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Design Longbow 1. obr\u00e1zek: Harbinsk\u00e1 technick\u00e1 univerzita<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Profesor Ji Wangfeng z China Naval Aviation University uvedl ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b Eurasian Times, \u017ee zbran\u011b nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d m\u00e9dii jsou nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159edkem ke zni\u010den\u00ed obrany bojov\u00e9 skupiny nosi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n

On a jeho kolegov\u00e9 poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee vrstven\u00e1 obrana modern\u00edch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sest\u0159elit nejm\u00e9n\u011b polovinu p\u0159il\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edch dron\u016f, letadel a st\u0159el, ale zbra\u0148 s v\u00edce m\u00e9dii m\u016f\u017ee tuto obranu obej\u00edt t\u00edm, \u017ee se pono\u0159\u00ed, kdy\u017e je detekov\u00e1na radarem, a objev\u00ed se, kdy\u017e ji detekuje. sonar.<\/p>\n

Ji dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee jen hrstka takov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zm\u00e1st nebo dokonce zahltit po\u010d\u00edta\u010d v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 lodi.\u00a0On a jeho t\u00fdm tak\u00e9 zjistili, \u017ee crossmedi\u00e1ln\u00ed zbra\u0148 vyst\u0159elen\u00e1 100 kilometr\u016f daleko m\u00e1 100% m\u00edru p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, pokud m\u016f\u017ee let\u011bt rychlost\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 150 kilometr\u016f za hodinu.<\/p>\n

Zbran\u011b s k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fdm nosi\u010dem nejen nab\u00edzej\u00ed nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak se vyhnout nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obran\u011b, ale mohou tak\u00e9 p\u0159ekonat technick\u00e1, opera\u010dn\u00ed a strategick\u00e1 omezen\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el a hypersonick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed st\u0159ely, jako je americk\u00fd Tomahawk, spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na dlouh\u00fd dolet, n\u00edzkozemsk\u00fd let a vysokou podzvukovou rychlost, aby l\u00e9taly pod nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm radarem a pronikaly protiletadlovou obranou.\u00a0Ale navzdory t\u011bmto p\u016fsobiv\u00fdm vlastnostem existuje n\u011bkolik strategi\u00ed pro boj proti \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm st\u0159el\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

V Air Power Australia p\u0159edstavuje Carlo Kopp dv\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 strategie boje proti \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm st\u0159el\u00e1m: strategie odm\u00edtnut\u00ed a proti\u00fatoku a zachycen\u00ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el.<\/p>\n

Kopp poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee tyto strategie jsou zalo\u017eeny na my\u0161lence, \u017ee v\u00e1lka s \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi st\u0159elami funguje na logice \u201epou\u017eijte je, nebo je ztrat\u00edte\u201c, to znamen\u00e1 odp\u00e1len\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu raket na za\u010d\u00e1tku konfliktu, ne\u017e je obr\u00e1nci vysad\u00ed, zni\u010d\u00ed a p\u0159ev\u00e1lcuj\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtele. obrany.<\/p>\n

Poukazuje na to, \u017ee strategie odm\u00edtnut\u00ed nebo proti\u00fatoku vy\u017eaduje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 dovednosti.\u00a0Naproti tomu strategie odposlechu vy\u017eaduje v\u00edcevrstv\u00fd syst\u00e9m protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany s pozemn\u00edmi, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi a vzdu\u0161n\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky.<\/p>\n

Kopp poukazuje na to, \u017ee pozemn\u00ed st\u0159ely zem\u011b-vzduch (SAM) jsou \u0161patnou volbou pro obranu termin\u00e1lu kv\u016fli pot\u0159eb\u011b drah\u00fdch a v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch radar\u016f a omezen\u00e9mu dosahu syst\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0Nasazen\u00ed SAM na v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 lod\u011b zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady, ale nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdhodu mobility.<\/p>\n

Kopp zmi\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu protiponorkov\u00e9ho \u00fakolov\u00e9ho uskupen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b letadel a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch jednotek, kter\u00e9 by odr\u00e1\u017eelo \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 z ponorek.\u00a0Upozor\u0148uje v\u0161ak, \u017ee udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed skupiny je ze sv\u00e9 podstaty n\u00e1kladn\u00e9.<\/p>\n