{"id":18155,"date":"2022-11-14T01:03:01","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T00:03:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=18155"},"modified":"2022-11-13T17:36:30","modified_gmt":"2022-11-13T16:36:30","slug":"kdo-hrozi-pouzitim-jadernych-zbrani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/11\/14\/kdo-hrozi-pouzitim-jadernych-zbrani\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed politici a m\u00e9dia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Rusko nad Ukrajinou hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, kdy\u017e je p\u0159itom pravdou prav\u00fd opak.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm se tiskem ji\u017e m\u011bs\u00edce \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze Z\u00e1padu, \u017ee Rusko bude v souvislosti s Ukrajinou (nebo i na Ukrajin\u011b samotn\u00e9) hrozit pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e op\u011bt plat\u00ed: Ani neust\u00e1l\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0ned\u011bl\u00e1 probl\u00e9m, ale\u00a0 lh\u00e1t ano.<\/a>\u00a0 Poj\u010fme se tedy pod\u00edvat na fakta zde.<\/p>\n

Minulost<\/span><\/h3>\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee Rusko hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, by p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, \u017ee Rusko je ochotno tyto zbran\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt.\u00a0Existuj\u00ed o tom n\u011bjak\u00e9 d\u016fkazy z minulosti?\u00a0Ne, proto\u017ee ani Rusko, ani Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz nikdy nepou\u017eily jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, ani radioaktivn\u00ed munici.<\/p>\n

V USA je to jinak.\u00a0V roce 1945 svrhly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty na Japonsko dv\u011b atomov\u00e9 bomby, a\u010dkoli k tomu nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vojensk\u00fd d\u016fvod, proto\u017ee Japonsko bylo ji\u017e pora\u017eeno.\u00a0D\u016fvod svr\u017een\u00ed atomov\u00fdch bomb na dv\u011b japonsk\u00e1 m\u011bsta byl \u010dist\u011b politick\u00fd, proto\u017ee USA cht\u011bly uk\u00e1zat sv\u011btu \u2013 a zejm\u00e9na Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu jako budouc\u00edmu konkurentovi \u2013, \u017ee maj\u00ed k dispozici tuto hroznou zbra\u0148.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo nyn\u00ed nam\u00edt\u00e1, \u017ee to bylo d\u00e1vno a s dne\u0161kem to nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bby m\u011blo b\u00fdt \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee USA st\u00e1le nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u010ditky ohledn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed radioaktivn\u00ed munice ve sv\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch a radioaktivn\u00ed kontaminace cel\u00fdch region\u016f.\u00a0USA pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch uranovou munici \u2013 op\u011bt bez vojensk\u00e9 nutnosti.\u00a0Kdy\u017e tato munice zas\u00e1hla sv\u016fj c\u00edl, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila radioaktivn\u00ed prach, a tak USA kontaminovaly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 oblasti Ir\u00e1ku a b\u00fdval\u00e9 Jugosl\u00e1vie.\u00a0Tis\u00edce ob\u011bt\u00ed radioaktivn\u00ed kontaminace v Jugosl\u00e1vii proto podaly\u00a0st\u00ed\u017enost k Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu soudn\u00edmu<\/a>\u00a0dvoru .<\/p>\n

Na po\u010d\u00e1tku v\u011bku jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed v\u0161echny tehdej\u0161\u00ed jadern\u00e9 mocnosti radioaktivn\u011b zamo\u0159ily \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bta nadzemn\u00edmi jadern\u00fdmi testy.\u00a0Po skon\u010den\u00ed nadzemn\u00edch jadern\u00fdch test\u016f ale v\u0161echny zem\u011b \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b Ruska a \u010c\u00edny \u2013 zastavily z\u00e1m\u011brnou jadernou kontaminaci zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu.\u00a0Jedinou v\u00fdjimkou jsou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 svou uranovou munic\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zamo\u0159ily obydlen\u00e9 oblasti, kde v d\u016fsledku toho prudce vzrostl v\u00fdskyt rakoviny.<\/p>\n

Doktr\u00edna jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 mocnost m\u00e1 doktr\u00ednu, kter\u00e1 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed okolnosti, za kter\u00fdch by st\u00e1t mohl jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt.\u00a0Rusk\u00e1 doktr\u00edna po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed pouze ve dvou p\u0159\u00edpadech: za prv\u00e9, kdy\u017e je ohro\u017eena samotn\u00e1 existence rusk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, a za druh\u00e9 v reakci na jadern\u00fd \u00fatok proti Rusku.\u00a0To samo o sob\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee ud\u00e1losti na Ukrajin\u011b, i kdy\u017e to pro Rusko dopadne \u0161patn\u011b, nejsou pro Rusko d\u016fvodem k pou\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Navzdory tomu z\u00e1padn\u00ed politici a m\u00e9dia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Rusko \u2013 a s\u00e1m prezident Putin \u2013 hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0Mohou to \u0159\u00edct jen sv\u00e9mu publiku na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, proto\u017ee jen velmi m\u00e1lo lid\u00ed na Z\u00e1pad\u011b rozum\u00ed rusky.\u00a0Prezident Putin byl pr\u00e1v\u011b znovu dot\u00e1z\u00e1n na mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed,\u00a0zde je jeho odpov\u011b\u010f<\/a>\u00a0, pokud se chcete sami p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit, co vlastn\u011b \u0159ekl.<\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od Ruska si USA v\u00fdslovn\u011b vyhrazuj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo prov\u00e9st prvn\u00ed jadern\u00fd \u00fader, i kdy\u017e samotn\u00e9 USA nejsou existen\u010dn\u011b ohro\u017eeny a nep\u0159\u00edtel pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze konven\u010dn\u00ed zbran\u011b.\u00a0P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny ministerstvo obrany USA zve\u0159ejnilo\u00a0Strategick\u00fd dokument 2022<\/a>vydan\u00e1 k nov\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrann\u00e9 strategii, v n\u00ed\u017e byla prahov\u00e1 hodnota pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed dokonce sn\u00ed\u017eena.\u00a0V\u00fdslovn\u011b nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno nap\u0159\u00edklad prominut\u00ed prvn\u00edho jadern\u00e9ho \u00faderu, proto\u017ee takov\u00e9 zpro\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, jak prohl\u00e1sily \u010c\u00edna a Rusko, p\u0159edstavuje pro USA podle listu \u201enep\u0159ijateln\u00e9 riziko\u201c.\u00a0Uvedla tak\u00e9, \u017ee USA \u201ezv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed za extr\u00e9mn\u00edch podm\u00ednek\u201c, pokud budou ohro\u017eeny \u201ejejich \u017eivotn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy\u201c nebo z\u00e1jmy jejich \u201espojenc\u016f a partner\u016f\u201c.\u00a0K tomu by mohlo doj\u00edt i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by nep\u0159\u00edtel nezah\u00e1jil jadern\u00fd \u00fatok.<\/p>\n

Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno: USA hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, i kdy\u017e vid\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed pouze sv\u00fdch \u201e\u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f\u201c, zat\u00edmco Rusko a \u010c\u00edna nastavily pr\u00e1h mnohem v\u00fd\u0161e.\u00a0Ohro\u017een\u00ed \u201e\u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f\u201c je velmi v\u00e1gn\u00ed formulace, proto\u017ee co p\u0159esn\u011b jsou \u201e\u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy\u201c USA?\u00a0Pokud m\u00e1te na pam\u011bti, \u017ee USA a NATO opakovan\u011b obvi\u0148uj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b (Rusko, \u010c\u00edna, \u00cdr\u00e1n atd.) z ohro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed, je nov\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed znepokojiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Smlouva o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

NPT stanov\u00ed, \u017ee jadern\u00e9 mocnosti nep\u0159evedou sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b na nejadern\u00e9 mocnosti, a stanov\u00ed, \u017ee nejadern\u00e9 mocnosti nevyvinou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0\u010cl\u00e1nky 1 a 2 Smlouvy o\u00a0ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0stanov\u00ed velmi jasn\u011b a jednozna\u010dn\u011b:<\/p>\n

\u201e\u010cl\u00e1nek I<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd smluvn\u00ed st\u00e1t vlastn\u00edc\u00ed jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b se zavazuje, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edmo ani nep\u0159\u00edmo nep\u0159evede jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo jin\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo nad nimi kontrolu na \u017e\u00e1dnou osobu a nebude napom\u00e1hat, podporovat nebo p\u0159im\u011bt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t nevlastn\u00edc\u00ed jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b. vyr\u00e1b\u011bt nebo jinak z\u00edsk\u00e1vat nebo jinak z\u00edsk\u00e1vat jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo jin\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly nad nimi.<\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek II
\n<\/strong>
\nKa\u017ed\u00fd smluvn\u00ed st\u00e1t nevlastn\u00edc\u00ed jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b se zavazuje, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edmo ani nep\u0159\u00edmo od \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 osoby nep\u0159ijme jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo jin\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ani je nebude kontrolovat, nebude vyr\u00e1b\u011bt ani jinak z\u00edsk\u00e1vat jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo jin\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a nebude vyhledat nebo p\u0159ijmout pomoc p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.„<\/strong><\/p>\n

V NATO ale existuje tzv. jadern\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed, podle kter\u00e9ho mohou b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad bojov\u00e1 letadla Bundeswehru vyzbrojena americk\u00fdmi jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi a ty by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1lky.\u00a0Jde o jasn\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed Smlouvy o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, proto\u017ee pokud USA v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1lky p\u0159edaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b ulo\u017een\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku Bundeswehru, poru\u0161uj\u00ed t\u00edm Smlouvu o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0A pokud je Bundeswehr p\u0159ijme a p\u0159ipoj\u00ed ke sv\u00fdm letadl\u016fm, N\u011bmecko poru\u0161uje Smlouvu o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0Pokud jde o t\u00e9ma sd\u00edlen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia toto poru\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed smlouvy d\u016fsledn\u011b zaml\u010duj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem, NATO\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00fd podzim<\/a>\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 man\u00e9vr Steadfast Poledne , p\u0159i kter\u00e9m N\u011bmecko a dal\u0161\u00ed nejadern\u00e9 mocnosti nacvi\u010duj\u00ed shazov\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch bomb.\u00a0Navzdory nap\u011bt\u00ed s Ruskem a nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b pokra\u010dovalo NATO\u00a0v leto\u0161n\u00edch<\/a>\u00a0man\u00e9vrech , kter\u00e9 se konaly\u00a0od 17. do 30. \u0159\u00edjna<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Modernizace americk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch bomb v Evrop\u011b<\/span><\/h3>\n

Je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, jak tvrdo\u0161\u00edjn\u011b a d\u016fsledn\u011b n\u011bmeck\u00e1 \u201ekvalitn\u00ed m\u00e9dia\u201c ml\u010d\u00ed o tom, \u017ee USA v sou\u010dasnosti pod vysok\u00fdm tlakem modernizuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 atomov\u00e9 bomby um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku a Evrop\u011b.\u00a0Tyto pumy jsou typu B61 a maj\u00ed b\u00fdt nahrazeny nov\u00fdmi jadern\u00fdmi pumami typu B61-12.\u00a0Nen\u00ed to nic nov\u00e9ho, jedinou novinkou je, \u017ee USA nyn\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed tento proces urychlit a dokon\u010dit ho do konce roku.<\/p>\n

Kdo si zad\u00e1 do googlu hledan\u00fd v\u00fdraz „B61-12“, najde o n\u011bm \u010dl\u00e1nky pouze v n\u011bm\u010din\u011b v alternativn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch, mainstreamov\u00e1 m\u00e9dia toto zcela zaml\u010duj\u00ed.\u00a0D\u016fvodem nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt neznalost, proto\u017ee\u00a0se o tom v USA hojn\u011b p\u00ed\u0161e<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0D\u016fvod je zcela z\u0159ejm\u00fd, \u017ee by se o tom N\u011bmci nem\u011bli dozv\u011bd\u011bt.<\/p>\n

USA maj\u00ed asi 100 jadern\u00fdch bomb t\u011bchto typ\u016f um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v Evrop\u011b, ulo\u017een\u00fdch v B\u00fcchel (N\u011bmecko), Kleine Brogel (Belgie), Volkel (Nizozemsko), Ghedi, Aviano (It\u00e1lie) a \u0130ncirlik (Turecko).\u00a0B61-12 lze l\u00e9tat ke sv\u00e9mu c\u00edli s d\u0159\u00edve zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdmi st\u00edha\u010dkami,\u00a0v\u010detn\u011b Tornados<\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e9 Bundeswehr k tomuto \u00fa\u010delu v sou\u010dasnosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 americk\u00fdch F-35,\u00a0kter\u00e9 chce Berl\u00edn obstarat<\/a>\u00a0a kter\u00e9 budou k dispozici do Nejpozd\u011bji v lednu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku k certifikaci pro nov\u00e9 atomov\u00e9 bomby.<\/p>\n

Kdo ohro\u017euje jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Pokud tohle v\u0161echno v\u00edte, pak si uv\u011bdomujete, \u017ee se d\u011bje p\u0159esn\u011b opak toho, co tvrd\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia a politici: Rusko nevyhro\u017euje pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, ale pokud n\u011bkdo hroz\u00ed, \u017ee to ud\u011bl\u00e1, pak jsou to USA, kdo vyr\u00e1b\u00ed hrozba byla dokonce otev\u0159en\u011b zakotvena v jejich doktr\u00edn\u011b jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0Nav\u00edc USA \u2013 na rozd\u00edl od zl\u00e9ho Ruska \u2013 v minulosti nem\u011bly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1brany oza\u0159ovat cel\u00e9 regiony pomoc\u00ed uranov\u00e9 munice.\u00a0Inhibi\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1h pro pou\u017eit\u00ed radioaktivn\u00edch zbran\u00ed je v USA velmi n\u00edzk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1te na obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze Z\u00e1padu, zjist\u00edte, \u017ee Z\u00e1pad obvi\u0148uje Rusko p\u0159esn\u011b z toho, co d\u011bl\u00e1 samo \u2013 a z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia s t\u00edm ochotn\u011b hraj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Thomas R\u00f6per<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed politici a m\u00e9dia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Rusko nad Ukrajinou hroz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, kdy\u017e je…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15763,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3577,1051,22,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18155"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18155"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18155\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18155"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18155"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}