{"id":17625,"date":"2022-11-01T01:06:30","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T00:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=17625"},"modified":"2022-10-31T15:31:09","modified_gmt":"2022-10-31T14:31:09","slug":"brany-pekel-jsou-otevrene-medialni-panika-musk-ovladl-twitter-propustil-hlavniho-cenzora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/11\/01\/brany-pekel-jsou-otevrene-medialni-panika-musk-ovladl-twitter-propustil-hlavniho-cenzora\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eBr\u00e1ny pekel jsou otev\u0159en\u00e9\u201c: Medi\u00e1ln\u00ed panika: Musk ovl\u00e1dl Twitter, propustil hlavn\u00edho cenzora"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ve \u010dtvrtek ve\u010der jsem napsal sloupek o v\u00fdzv\u00e1ch, kter\u00fdm Elon Musk \u010del\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Twitteru, a navrhl kroky, jak \u201efirmu rozjet\u201c.\u00a0Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto zjevn\u00fdch krok\u016f, o nich\u017e se hovo\u0159ilo v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch sloupc\u00edch, bylo propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele Paraga Agrawala, finan\u010dn\u00edho \u0159editele Neda Segala a \u0159editele pr\u00e1vn\u00ed politiky, d\u016fv\u011bry a bezpe\u010dnosti Vijayi Gaddeho, kte\u0159\u00ed byli prim\u00e1rn\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed za vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednoho z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch cenzurn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v historii.\u00a0U\u010dinil tak b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut od n\u00e1stupu do \u00fa\u0159adu a jej\u00ed odvol\u00e1n\u00ed je jedine\u010dn\u00fdm pokrokem ve svobod\u011b projevu po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, m\u00e9dia v\u010dera r\u00e1no zpanika\u0159ila p\u0159i pomy\u0161len\u00ed, \u017ee platforma soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed by mohla obnovit ochranu svobody projevu po letech jednostrann\u00e9 a agresivn\u00ed cenzury.\u00a0Kontroverzn\u00ed sloupka\u0159 z Washington Post Taylor Lorenz si posteskl: \u200b\u200b“Je to, jako by se dnes ve\u010der na t\u00e9to stran\u011b otev\u0159ely br\u00e1ny pekla.“\u00a0To je pravda, vyhl\u00eddka, \u017ee ostatn\u00ed budou m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup na Twitter, aby mohli vyj\u00e1d\u0159it sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zory, je pro mnoho medi\u00e1ln\u00edch profesion\u00e1l\u016f pekeln\u00e1 vyhl\u00eddka.<\/span><\/p>\n

Agrawal a Gadde zt\u011bles\u0148ovali kulturu cenzury na Twitteru, postavy, kter\u00e9 se bezosty\u0161n\u011b stav\u011bly proti tradi\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1zor\u016fm na svobodu projevu a n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 rozmanitosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tce po n\u00e1stupu do \u00fa\u0159adu se Agrawal zav\u00e1zal regulovat obsah tak, aby \u201eodr\u00e1\u017eel v\u011bci, o kter\u00fdch se domn\u00edv\u00e1me, \u017ee vedou ke zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 konverzaci\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Agrawal \u0159ekl, \u017ee se spole\u010dnost \u201em\u00e9n\u011b zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed o svobod\u011b slova\u201c, proto\u017ee \u201esvoboda slova je na internetu snadn\u00e1.\u00a0V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed um\u00ed mluvit.\u00a0Na\u0161\u00ed rol\u00ed je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to, kdo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sly\u0161en.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Dlouho jsem p\u0159izn\u00e1val, \u017ee jsem \u201einternetov\u00fd originalista\u201c, n\u011bkdo, kdo vid\u00ed internet jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pokrok ve svobod\u011b slova od vyn\u00e1lezu knihtisku.\u00a0Rychl\u00e1 eroze hodnot svobody projevu \u2013 od na\u0161eho kongresu a\u017e po na\u0161e univerzity \u2013 je v\u0161ak alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Veden\u00ed prezidentem Joe Bidenem, l\u00edd\u0159i demokrat\u016f a m\u00e9di\u00ed vyzvali k podnikov\u00e9 a dokonce i st\u00e1tn\u00ed cenzu\u0159e, aby omezili nesouhlas v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch, jako je zm\u011bna klimatu, volebn\u00ed integrita, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a genderov\u00e1 identita.\u00a0Max Boot z Washington Post nap\u0159\u00edklad prohl\u00e1sil: „Aby demokracie p\u0159e\u017eila, pot\u0159ebujeme v\u00edce um\u00edrn\u011bnosti obsahu, ne m\u00e9n\u011b.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Mnoho z t\u011bchto jedinc\u016f je nyn\u00ed zd\u011b\u0161eno my\u0161lenkou, \u017ee by jin\u00ed mohli vyjad\u0159ovat odli\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na ot\u00e1zky, jako je zm\u011bna klimatu, volebn\u00ed pravidla nebo genderov\u00e1 identita.<\/span><\/p>\n

Novin\u00e1\u0159ka Molly Jong-Fast se zeptala: \u201eM\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdo zalo\u017eit nov\u00fd Twitter, nebo je to velmi hloup\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka?\u201c Jin\u00fdmi slovy, novin\u00e1\u0159 chce vytvo\u0159it platformu soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, kde lze ostatn\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b uml\u010det.\u00a0Odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1: Facebook… a prakticky v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zr\u016fda Musk-phobes byla vyvol\u00e1na vyhl\u00eddkou na jedinou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnost nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochranu svobody projevu.\u00a0Jen jeden.\u00a0V\u011bd\u00ed v\u0161ak, \u017ee pokus o kontrolu politick\u00e9ho a spole\u010densk\u00e9ho projevu sel\u017ee, kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 budou m\u00edt alternativu.\u00a0Tyto spole\u010dnosti jsou schopny prod\u00e1vat cenzuru pouze proto, \u017ee byly schopny z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti odstavit konkurenty za svobodu projevu.\u00a0Nyn\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 existuje alternativa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Panika za svobodu projevu, kter\u00e1 propuk\u00e1 na jedin\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti, sd\u00edlej\u00ed profeso\u0159i \u017eurnalistiky a pr\u00e1va.\u00a0Profesor \u017eurnalistiky CUNY Jeff Jarvis napsal: \u201eSlunce je temn\u00e9\u201c a \u201eToto je stav nouze!\u00a0Twitter, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159evz\u00edt zl\u00fd Sith Lord.\u201c\u00a0Po zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch o Muskov\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9m n\u00e1kupu d\u0159\u00edve napsal: „Dnes mi na Twitteru p\u0159ipad\u00e1 jako posledn\u00ed ve\u010der v berl\u00ednsk\u00e9m no\u010dn\u00edm klubu v soumraku V\u00fdmarsk\u00e9 republiky.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed s\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diskutovali jsme o vzestupu lobbistick\u00e9 \u017eurnalistiky a odm\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed objektivity na novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch.\u00a0Rostouc\u00ed v\u00fdzvy k cenzu\u0159e a jazykov\u00e9 kontrole p\u0159ijali spisovatel\u00e9, redakto\u0159i, koment\u00e1to\u0159i a akademici, v\u010detn\u011b nov\u011b zvolen\u00e9ho prezidenta Joea Bidena a jeho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch poradc\u016f.\u00a0Toto hnut\u00ed zahrnuje tak\u00e9 akademiky, kte\u0159\u00ed odm\u00edtaj\u00ed koncept objektivity v \u017eurnalistice ve prosp\u011bch otev\u0159en\u00e9 advokacie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Steve Coll, d\u011bkan kolumbijsk\u00e9 \u017eurnalistick\u00e9 fakulty a autor The New Yorker, si st\u011b\u017eoval, \u017ee pr\u00e1vo na svobodu projevu zakotven\u00e9 v prvn\u00edm dodatku je \u201evyzbrojeno\u201c k ochran\u011b dezinformac\u00ed.\u00a0Profesor stanfordsk\u00e9 \u017eurnalistiky Ted Glasser v rozhovoru pro The Stanford Daily zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee \u017eurnalistika \u201ese pot\u0159ebuje zbavit tohoto pojmu objektivity, aby si rozvinula smysl pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnost\u201c.\u00a0Odm\u00edtl n\u00e1zor, \u017ee \u017eurnalistika je zalo\u017eena na objektivit\u011b, a \u0159ekl, \u017ee \u201evid\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e jako aktivisty, proto\u017ee v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je \u017eurnalistika \u2013 a vlastn\u011b historie \u2013 o mor\u00e1lce\u201c.\u00a0Proto \u201enovin\u00e1\u0159i mus\u00ed mluvit za soci\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnost otev\u0159en\u011b a \u010destn\u011b, a to je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 pod omezen\u00edm objektivity\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nek profesora pr\u00e1v z Harvardu Jacka Goldsmitha a profesora pr\u00e1va z University of Arizona Andrewa Keane Woodse, publikovan\u00fd v \u010dasopise The Atlantic, vyz\u00fdval k cenzu\u0159e internetu v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m stylu a poznamenal, \u017ee \u201eve velk\u00e9 debat\u011b posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00ed o svobod\u011b nad kontrolou webu m\u011bla \u010c\u00edna v\u011bt\u0161inou pravdu a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se v\u011bt\u0161inou m\u00fdlily.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Uvid\u00edme, zda Musk dostoj\u00ed sv\u00e9mu slibu obnovit na webu ochranu svobody projevu.\u00a0Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem jsem navrhl \u201emo\u017enost prvn\u00edho dodatku\u201c, kter\u00e1 by mohla spole\u010dnost rychle prom\u011bnit zp\u011bt na web o svobod\u011b slova.\u00a0Bez ohledu na to, jak p\u0159istoup\u00ed k restrukturalizaci spole\u010dnosti, je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee nyn\u00ed existuje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro svobodu projevu na velk\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti.\u00a0Panika odp\u016frc\u016f svobody slova sta\u010d\u00ed k tomu, aby dala milion\u016fm nad\u011bji, \u017ee se nyn\u00ed otev\u0159ely dve\u0159e pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmanitost n\u00e1zor\u016f a diskus\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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Ve \u010dtvrtek ve\u010der jsem napsal sloupek o v\u00fdzv\u00e1ch, kter\u00fdm Elon Musk \u010del\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Twitteru,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[63,3209,553,421],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17625"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17625"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17625\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}