{"id":16583,"date":"2022-10-12T05:26:21","date_gmt":"2022-10-12T03:26:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=16583"},"modified":"2022-10-12T05:26:21","modified_gmt":"2022-10-12T03:26:21","slug":"australska-centralni-banka-krachuje-priznala-propad-rezerv-a-ztraty-na-dluhopisech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/10\/12\/australska-centralni-banka-krachuje-priznala-propad-rezerv-a-ztraty-na-dluhopisech\/","title":{"rendered":"Australsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka krachuje – p\u0159iznala propad rezerv a ztr\u00e1ty na dluhopisech"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Australsk\u00e1 rezervn\u00ed banka (RBA) de-facto zkrachovala, kdy\u017e ohl\u00e1sila propad sv\u00fdch rezerv a obrovsk\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty na dluhopisech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka Austr\u00e1lie p\u0159iznala zdecimov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho majetek d\u00edky n\u00e1kup\u016fm mno\u017estv\u00ed dluhopis\u016f kv\u016fli pandemii koronaviru (Covid-19).\u00a0T\u011bmito n\u00e1kupy se sna\u017eila podpo\u0159it hospod\u00e1\u0159skou aktivitu b\u011bhem obdob\u00ed lockdown\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b guvern\u00e9ra RBA Michelle Bullockov\u00e1 b\u011bhem projevu v Sydney 21. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 odhalila, \u017ee kroky centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky zp\u016fsobily gigantickou \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 36,7 miliardy australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (23,49 miliardy eur).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedin\u00e1 mo\u017enost na z\u00e1chranu centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky je dotla\u010dit chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed pen\u00edze<\/span><\/h2>\n

Z\u00e1porn\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed jm\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 12,94 miliardy australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (7,94 miliardy eur) zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das nebyla schopna vypl\u00e1cet vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dividendy.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto Bullockov\u00e1 ujistila, \u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka m\u016f\u017ee pokra\u010dovat v pln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f, kdy\u017e se stanou splatn\u00fdmi, proto\u017ee RBA m\u016f\u017ee vytisknout nov\u00e9 pen\u00edze (co\u017e nikdo jin\u00fd v zemi d\u011blat nem\u016f\u017ee).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eZ\u00e1porn\u00e1 akciov\u00e1 pozice proto neovlivn\u00ed schopnost rezervn\u00ed banky vykon\u00e1vat svou pr\u00e1ci,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alex McMillan z Real Money \u0159ekl, \u017ee RBA se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u016f\u017ee dostat ze situace, kter\u00e1 by jinak zbankrotovala ka\u017edou komer\u010dn\u00ed banku.\u00a0P\u0159esto je to zaj\u00edmav\u00fd pohled na v\u00fdzvy, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00ed jin\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bank\u00e9\u0159i, kdy\u017e se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed sladit pandemick\u00e9 pob\u00eddky s\u00a0<\/span>inflac\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0po covid\u011b a ekonomick\u00fdm rozvojem, \u0159ekl.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eRBA zah\u00e1jila sv\u016fj program n\u00e1kupu dluhopis\u016f v listopadu 2020 jako druh\u00fd stimula\u010dn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek v reakci na pandemii.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

V prvn\u00edm kole opat\u0159en\u00ed do\u0161lo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sazeb na rekordn\u00ed minima a ke z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed n\u00e1stroje term\u00ednovan\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd bank\u00e1m nab\u00edzel levn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka nakoupila australsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed dluhopisy a polovl\u00e1dn\u00ed cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry na sekund\u00e1rn\u00edm trhu, aby sn\u00ed\u017eila \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby na dluhopisy se splatnost\u00ed 5 a\u017e 10 let,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0vysv\u011btlil McMillan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podp\u016frn\u00fd program se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t prodlou\u017eil a RBA nakonec koupila st\u00e1tn\u00ed, st\u00e1tn\u00ed a \u00fazemn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dluhopisy v celkov\u00e9 hodnot\u011b 281 miliard australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (179,87 miliardy eur).\u00a0A dnes nade\u0161el \u010das tento \u00fa\u010det za\u010d\u00edt spl\u00e1cet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka podle n\u011bj stanovila tr\u017en\u00ed hodnotu sv\u00fdch dr\u017eeb, co\u017e m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek ztr\u00e1tu 44,9 miliardy australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (28,74 miliardy eur) v nov\u00e9m ocen\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po kompenzaci o 8,2 miliardy australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (5,25 miliardy eur) v z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zisku z dr\u017eeb RBA vykazuje \u010distou ztr\u00e1tu 36,7 miliardy australsk\u00fdch dolar\u016f (23,49 miliardy eur), co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo z\u00e1porn\u00fd vlastn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n

Analytici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed licenc\u00ed na tla\u010den\u00ed pen\u011bz s c\u00edlem dostat se z tohoto druhu probl\u00e9mu, nikdy nebude dobrou zpr\u00e1vou pro australskou m\u011bnu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Australsk\u00fd dolar od za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna ztratil 13,6 procenta sv\u00e9 hodnoty v\u016f\u010di americk\u00e9mu dolaru a za posledn\u00edch 18 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f byl celkov\u00fd propad o 19,5 %.\u00a0Je to pokles, po kter\u00e9m n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed Australan\u00e9 \u017eertovn\u011b naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed svou m\u011bnu \u201epacifick\u00e9 peso\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Pozn\u00e1mka redakce: A to je jen za\u010d\u00e1tek. Masivn\u00ed tla\u010den\u00ed pen\u011bz centr\u00e1ln\u00edmi bankami t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b povede k hyperinflaci.)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Bullockov\u00e1: Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky mus\u00ed utr\u00e1cet tolik pen\u011bz, aby udr\u017eely sv\u00e9 zem\u011b nad vodou<\/span><\/h2>\n

RBA se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee ostatn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky jsou v podobn\u00e9 pozici, ale zat\u00edm to nen\u00ed vid\u011bt, proto\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>jin\u00e9 \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed metody<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bullockov\u00e1 citovala Bank of England a Reserve Bank of New Zealand, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed od vl\u00e1dy od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za jak\u00e9koli ztr\u00e1ty.\u00a0RBA zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee tot\u00e9\u017e ne\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 od australsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eRBA obvykle p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi zisky do vl\u00e1dn\u00ed kasy jako dividendu.\u00a0Vl\u00e1da by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b m\u011bla \u201enejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch n\u011bkolik let\u201c o\u010dek\u00e1vat d\u00edru ve sv\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu tam, kde byla vypl\u00e1cena tato dividenda,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bullockov\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed dluhopisy jsou splatn\u00e9 v roce 2033.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banka vyk\u00e1zala v prvn\u00edm pololet\u00ed ohromnou ztr\u00e1tu 95,2 miliardy \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdch frank\u016f (95,2 miliardy eur), co\u017e je jej\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta od zalo\u017een\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky v roce 1907.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako u RBA, bude ztr\u00e1ta evidov\u00e1na v \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed banky a\u017e do splatnosti dluhopis\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bullockov\u00e1 \u0159ekla, \u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky musely postupovat t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem, aby se zem\u011b dostaly z pandemick\u00e9 krize.\u00a0V tomto smyslu n\u00e1kup dluhopis\u016f RBA \u201eobecn\u011b dos\u00e1hl sv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f\u201c, uzav\u0159ela.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed: Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky jsou\u00a0<\/span>ochotny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zni\u010dit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku, pokud to bude nutn\u00e9 pro z\u00e1chranu akciov\u00e9ho trhu.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nav\u0161tivte str\u00e1nku\u00a0<\/span>MarketCrash.news<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(v angli\u010dtin\u011b), kde najdete dal\u0161\u00ed novinky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se hroz\u00edc\u00edho kolapsu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 si prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte\u00a0<\/span>toto video<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o tajn\u00e9m finan\u010dn\u00edm skand\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd ot\u0159ese Austr\u00e1li\u00ed a cel\u00fdm sv\u011btem:<\/span><\/p>\n