{"id":14177,"date":"2022-08-27T04:26:55","date_gmt":"2022-08-27T02:26:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=14177"},"modified":"2022-08-27T04:26:55","modified_gmt":"2022-08-27T02:26:55","slug":"zdenek-koudelka-obnova-mezinarodniho-prava","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/27\/zdenek-koudelka-obnova-mezinarodniho-prava\/","title":{"rendered":"Zden\u011bk Koudelka: Obnova mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>Po studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lce n\u011bkter\u00e9 normy mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va vzaly za sv\u00e9. Zat\u00edmco vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo vym\u00e1h\u00e1 st\u00e1t, jen\u017e p\u0159itom u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 leg\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u010detn\u00edka nem\u00e1, by\u0165 se jim n\u011bkter\u00e9 velmoci tou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed po\u00a0sv\u011btovl\u00e1d\u011b cht\u011bly st\u00e1t. St\u00e1ty mezi sebou pravidla dodr\u017euj\u00ed v\u00a0r\u00e1mci vz\u00e1jemnosti dle z\u00e1sady \u2013 ne\u010di\u0148 jin\u00fdm, co nechce\u0161, aby \u010dinili tob\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed jsou velmoci. Skute\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1vaznou normou se st\u00e1v\u00e1 jen to, co vynucuj\u00ed v\u0161echny velmoci ve shod\u011b. Pokud jedna velmoc, ur\u010dit\u00e9 pravidlo poru\u0161\u00ed, nemus\u00ed se jim c\u00edtit v\u00e1z\u00e1ny ani velmoci jin\u00e9. Studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka byla obdob\u00edm stability mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. Ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed bylo, co v\u016f\u010di sob\u011b i\u00a0jin\u00fdm plnily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 a\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz. Ambice jedn\u00e9 velmoci omezovaly ambice druh\u00e9. T\u00edm studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka nep\u0159erostla ve v\u00e1lku skute\u010dnou.<\/p>\n<p>Star\u00e1 z\u00e1sada, \u017ee si vl\u00e1dci nepopravuj\u00ed posly, chr\u00e1n\u00ed dnes diplomaty, by\u0165 USA ji v\u00a0kv\u011btnu 1999 poru\u0161ily bombardov\u00e1n\u00edm velvyslanectv\u00ed \u010c\u00edny v\u00a0B\u011blehrad\u011b. I\u00a0v\u00a0krut\u00e9 n\u011bmecko-sov\u011btsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce 1941-45 Stalin i\u00a0Hitler dodr\u017eeli nedotknutelnost velvyslanc\u016f druh\u00e9 strany a\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u011b si je vym\u011bnili p\u0159es Turecko. Oba velvyslance nakonec popravili vlastn\u00ed. N\u011bmeck\u00fd Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg byl popraven za \u00fa\u010dast v\u00a0protihitlerovsk\u00e9m pu\u010di 1944 a\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fd \u00a0Vladim\u00edr D\u011bkanozov v\u00a0roce 1953 s\u00a0Lavrentijem Berijou, do jeho\u017e mocensk\u00e9ho kruhu pat\u0159il.<\/p>\n<p>Zpochybn\u011bn byl v\u0161ak z\u00e1kaz v\u00e1lky a\u00a0v\u00a0r\u00e1mci helsinsk\u00e9ho procesu v\u00a0Evrop\u011b uznan\u00e1 nezm\u011bnitelnost hranic st\u00e1tu bez jeho souhlasu. R\u00e1nu z\u00e1kazu \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky zasadil leteck\u00fd \u00fatok USA, Brit\u00e1nie, Francie a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed na Jugosl\u00e1vii v\u00a0roce 1999, \u00fatok USA a\u00a0Brit\u00e1nie na Ir\u00e1k 2003 a\u00a0Ruska na Ukrajinu. Nezm\u011bnitelnost hranic v\u00a0Evrop\u011b bez souhlasu dot\u010den\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu naru\u0161ilo uzn\u00e1n\u00ed Kosova ze strany USA, Brit\u00e1nie a\u00a0Francie po\u00a0donucen\u00ed Srbska vyklidit toto \u00fazem\u00ed u\u017eit\u00edm s\u00edly t\u011bmito st\u00e1ty. P\u0159isvoj\u00ed-li si pr\u00e1vo n\u00e1siln\u00e9 zm\u011bny hranic jedna mocnost, p\u0159isvoj\u00ed si je i\u00a0jin\u00e9 mocnosti, jak to uk\u00e1zalo Rusko uzn\u00e1n\u00edm Krymu, Don\u011bcka a\u00a0Luhanska.<\/p>\n<p>Obnovu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va a\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011bt zajist\u00ed jen shoda velmoc\u00ed, jak regulovat v\u00e1lku. Bu\u010f se obnov\u00ed z\u00e1kaz v\u00e1lky pro v\u0161echny, nejen pro n\u011bkter\u00e9, nebo si ka\u017ed\u00e1 velmoc ponech\u00e1 mo\u017enost v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho \u00fatoku. Pro mal\u00e9 zem\u011b je bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianta prvn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zden\u011bk Koudelka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6154\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/zdenek-koudelka.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"249\" height=\"187\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lce n\u011bkter\u00e9 normy mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va vzaly za sv\u00e9. Zat\u00edmco vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo vym\u00e1h\u00e1 st\u00e1t,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3161,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,29,57,609],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14177"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14177"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14177\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}