{"id":13729,"date":"2022-08-18T01:05:39","date_gmt":"2022-08-17T23:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=13729"},"modified":"2022-08-17T16:37:55","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T14:37:55","slug":"proc-osn-prosazuje-typ-vyroby-potravin-ktery-prokazatelne-vede-k-nizsim-vynosum-vyssim-cenam-a-padu-vlad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/18\/proc-osn-prosazuje-typ-vyroby-potravin-ktery-prokazatelne-vede-k-nizsim-vynosum-vyssim-cenam-a-padu-vlad\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d OSN prosazuje typ v\u00fdroby potravin, kter\u00fd prokazateln\u011b vede k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnos\u016fm, vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m a p\u00e1du vl\u00e1d?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Na Sr\u00ed Lance za\u010dala v\u00e1lka OSN proti hnojiv\u016fm<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Program OSN pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed (UNEP) se ozna\u010duje za \u201eglob\u00e1ln\u00ed agenturu, kter\u00e1 ur\u010duje agendu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed… a slou\u017e\u00ed jako autoritativn\u00ed obh\u00e1jce glob\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0Se sv\u00fdm programem z roku 2014 \u201eEkonomika ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f a biologick\u00e1 rozmanitost pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a potraviny\u201c se UNEP zav\u00e1zal zajistit, \u017ee n\u00e1rody \u201ezm\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na produktivitu na hektar.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Sv\u011bt se v\u0161ak dnes zm\u00edt\u00e1 v nejhor\u0161\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 krizi od roku 2008. Po\u010det lid\u00ed trp\u00edc\u00edch akutn\u00edm nedostatkem potravin se od ledna 2022 zv\u00fd\u0161il o 25 % na 345 milion\u016f, uv\u00e1d\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00fd potravinov\u00fd program OSN.\u00a0Pro\u010d se pak UNEP sna\u017e\u00ed odradit zem\u011b od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hnojiv, kter\u00e1 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed produkci potravin?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159editel UNEP v roce 2019 uvedl, \u017ee d\u016fvodem bylo \u201edlouhodob\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed dus\u00edkov\u00e9 bilance lidstva\u201c.\u00a0V \u0159\u00edjnu t\u00e9ho\u017e roku se UNEP se\u0161el v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Sr\u00ed Lanky, Colombu, a vydal \u201ecestovn\u00ed mapu\u201c, aby vyzval zem\u011b, aby sn\u00ed\u017eily zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dus\u00edkem na polovinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nizozemsko v\u0161ak prok\u00e1zalo, \u017ee zem\u011b mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dus\u00edkem z hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at o 70 % a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zv\u00fd\u0161it produkci masa.\u00a0Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.\u00a0Od po\u010d\u00e1tku 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed Nizozemsko zdvojn\u00e1sobilo sv\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed hnojiv.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b maj\u00ed o 70 procent vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdnosy ne\u017e chud\u00e9 zem\u011b, spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed pouze o 54 procent v\u00edce dus\u00edku.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u011bs\u00edc po setk\u00e1n\u00ed v Kolombu v roce 2019, kter\u00e9 vyvolalo \u0161irokou pozornost m\u00e9di\u00ed na Sr\u00ed Lance, voli\u010di v t\u00e9to zemi zvolili prezidenta proti hnojiv\u016fm, JE Gotabaya Rajapaksa, kter\u00fd bez v\u011bdeck\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f tvrdil, \u017ee syntetick\u00e1 hnojiva zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin.\u00a0V dubnu 2021 zak\u00e1zal dovoz hnojiv.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu 2021, dva m\u011bs\u00edce po z\u00e1kazu hnojiv, uspo\u0159\u00e1dala Sr\u00ed Lanka \u201eDialog o potravinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu\u201c sponzorovan\u00fd OSN, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem bylo ovlivnit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed agendu OSN proti hnojiv\u016fm ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\u00a0\u201ePrvn\u00ed dialog o potravinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu na Sr\u00ed Lance je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159ady n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a provin\u010dn\u00edch dialog\u016f veden\u00fdch ministerstvem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed p\u0159ed summitem OSN o potravinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu v New Yorku v roce 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sr\u00edlansk\u00fd prezident Rajapaksa ve sv\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9m summitu OSN o potravinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu v New Yorku zopakoval sv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u201echemick\u00e1 hnojiva… maj\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0\u0158ekl: „Moje vl\u00e1da u\u010dinila po\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto roku odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd krok k omezen\u00ed dovozu t\u011bchto \u0161kodliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek,“ a obvinil farm\u00e1\u0159e, \u017ee poru\u0161uj\u00ed z\u00e1kaz hnojiv.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kaz hnojiv ve skute\u010dnosti vedl k propadu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 produkce.\u00a0Po z\u00e1kazu hnojiv utrp\u011blo 85 % sr\u00edlansk\u00fdch farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f ztr\u00e1ty na \u00farod\u011b.\u00a0Produkce r\u00fd\u017ee klesla o 20 %, ceny vzrostly o 50 % a zem\u011b musela dov\u00e9zt obil\u00ed v hodnot\u011b 450 milion\u016f dolar\u016f.\u00a0V Rajanganayi, kde farm\u00e1\u0159i maj\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b jen jeden hektar p\u016fdy, rodiny hl\u00e1sily, \u017ee skl\u00edzej\u00ed polovinu sv\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklizn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

K p\u00e1du vl\u00e1dy p\u0159isp\u011bly i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, ale tyto faktory ovlivnily i mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed, z nich\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nepadl.\u00a0Uzam\u010den\u00ed zem\u011b po\u0161kodilo cestovn\u00ed ruch.\u00a0Vl\u00e1da si p\u016fj\u010dovala p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho.\u00a0Ceny ropy vzrostly.\u00a0To v\u0161e byly faktory, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nebyl rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed.\u00a0Rozd\u00edl byl v z\u00e1kazu hnojiv na Sr\u00ed Lance.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejv\u00edce byl zasa\u017een \u010daj.\u00a0Ro\u010dn\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed 1,3 miliardy dolar\u016f a do roku 2021 pokryje 71 % dovozu potravin do zem\u011b.\u00a0Po z\u00e1kazu hnojiv produkce \u010daje klesla o 18 % a dos\u00e1hla nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b za 23 let.\u00a0Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kaz hnojiv tak zni\u010dil schopnost Sr\u00ed Lanky platit za j\u00eddlo a palivo a spl\u00e1cet sv\u016fj dluh.<\/span><\/p>\n

OSN ospravedl\u0148uje svou agendu proti hnojiv\u016fm stejn\u00fdm argumentem jako sr\u00edlansk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da: \u00faspora n\u00e1klad\u016f.\u00a0Dokumenty OSN tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jejich c\u00edl sn\u00ed\u017eit na polovinu pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed dus\u00edkem by zem\u00edm u\u0161et\u0159ilo 100 miliard dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b.\u00a0Stejn\u00fd dokument v\u0161ak podporuje \u201eob\u011bhov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed\u201c, eufemismus pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd zelen\u00fdmi stranami v Evrop\u011b k ozna\u010den\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9ho \u201ede-r\u016fstu\u201c, kter\u00fd se op\u00edr\u00e1 o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed produktivity v\u00fdroby potravin a energie.<\/span><\/p>\n

UNEP nen\u00ed jedinou agenturou OSN, kter\u00e1 sleduje agendu proti hnojen\u00ed.\u00a0Organizace OSN pro v\u00fd\u017eivu a zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed (FAO) zah\u00e1jila v roce 2018 iniciativu \u201eScaling Up Agroecology\u201c.\u00a0Nejedn\u00e1 se o v\u00fdzkumnou iniciativu, ale o obhajobu.\u00a0Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eagroekologick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro boj s chudobou, hladem a zm\u011bnou klimatu.\u201c Ve skute\u010dnosti agroekologie, kter\u00e1 nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 syntetick\u00e1 hnojiva, sni\u017euje produkci potravin, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zvy\u0161uje chudobu a hlad.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed se UNEP sna\u017e\u00ed odv\u00e9st n\u00e1rody od modern\u00edch hnojiv pod rou\u0161kou v\u011bdy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u201eMezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dus\u00edku (INMS)\u201c.\u00a0Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 INMS \u201eproces v\u011bdeck\u00e9 podpory\u201c jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u201eMechanismu koordinace dus\u00edku mezi \u00famluvami (INCOM)\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co se tam d\u011bje?\u00a0Pro\u010d Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f prosazuje typ v\u00fdroby potravin, kter\u00fd prokazateln\u011b vede k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnos\u016fm, vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m a p\u00e1du vl\u00e1d?\u00a0A co d\u011blat, aby se tomu zabr\u00e1nilo?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na Sr\u00ed Lance za\u010dala v\u00e1lka OSN proti hnojiv\u016fm Program OSN pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed (UNEP) se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1979,186,750,2431,48,3081],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13729"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13729"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13731,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13729\/revisions\/13731"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}