{"id":13672,"date":"2022-08-17T01:05:28","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T23:05:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=13672"},"modified":"2022-08-16T18:09:56","modified_gmt":"2022-08-16T16:09:56","slug":"roboticti-vrazdici-psi-jsou-tady-co-cekat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/17\/roboticti-vrazdici-psi-jsou-tady-co-cekat\/","title":{"rendered":"Roboti\u010dt\u00ed vra\u017ed\u00edc\u00ed psi jsou tady &#8211; co \u010dekat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<ul>\n<li><span>Spole\u010dnost Sword Defense Systems p\u0159edstavila svou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpilotn\u00ed pu\u0161ku (SPUR) v \u0159\u00edjnu 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>SPUR byl navr\u017een tak, aby poskytoval p\u0159esnou palbu z robot\u016f nebo \u201ebezpilotn\u00edch platforem\u201c, v\u010detn\u011b \u010dty\u0159no\u017ece Vision-60 od Ghost Robotics, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 psa.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Autonomn\u00ed zabij\u00e1ck\u00e9 ps\u00ed roboty by mohly b\u00fdt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny nejen pro \u00fa\u010dely sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a obrany, ale tak\u00e9 pro \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 man\u00e9vry k stra\u0161en\u00ed a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed civilist\u016f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Spole\u010dnost Boston Dynamics, kter\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u0159adu \u010dty\u0159noh\u00fdch robot\u016f, se zab\u00fdvala n\u011bkter\u00fdmi nevyhnuteln\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami ochrany soukrom\u00ed, ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 takov\u00e1 technologie p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1kazu odzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch stroj\u016f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Koalice Stop Killer Robots je odhodl\u00e1na udr\u017eet lidi pod kontrolou nad pou\u017eit\u00edm s\u00edly a vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona o autonomii zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Koalice v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee bez akce jsou mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vazky a st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pravidla ohro\u017eeny, proto\u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dehumanizace nar\u016fst\u00e1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Patrol dog robot\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5VygwTBgph4?start=44&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span>U\u017e jste vid\u011bli video, kter\u00e9 kolovalo internetem, jak robotick\u00fd pes st\u0159\u00edl\u00ed z \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 pu\u0161ky?\u00a0Z\u00e1b\u011bry robotick\u00e9ho psa st\u0159\u00edlej\u00edc\u00edho na r\u016fzn\u00e9 c\u00edle s pu\u0161kou p\u0159ipoutanou na z\u00e1dech jsou mraziv\u00e9, ale podle The Verge pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zobrazuj\u00ed \u201enebezpe\u010dnou hra\u010dku, kterou dal dohromady rusk\u00fd start na hoverbike\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Plak\u00e1t videa na YouTube, Alexander Atamanov, d\u0159\u00edve zve\u0159ejnil obr\u00e1zky, jak si hraje se stejn\u00fdm robotick\u00fdm psem bez zbran\u011b, a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee m\u00e1 z\u00e1libu ve vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fdstroji.\u00a0&#8222;Zd\u00e1 se mnohem pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee spojil spoustu sv\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f, a m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00e1\u017en\u011b pron\u00e1sleduje v\u00e1le\u010dnou zbra\u0148,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed The Verge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>I kdy\u017e se tohoto ozbrojen\u00e9ho ps\u00edho robota nen\u00ed t\u0159eba b\u00e1t, existuj\u00ed robot\u00ed psi se zbran\u011bmi a jsou zlov\u011bstn\u00fdm varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed budouc\u00edmi bitevn\u00edmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i. V nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se roboti\u010dt\u00ed vra\u017eedn\u00ed psi mohli snadno pou\u017e\u00edt k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed strachu a udr\u017een\u00ed kontroly nad civilisty:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sv\u011bt si za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 uv\u011bdomovat, \u017ee technologie pro p\u0159em\u011bnu robot\u016f ve smrt\u00edc\u00ed zbran\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b existuje, a skute\u010dn\u011b d\u011bsiv\u00e1 my\u0161lenka je, \u017ee by mohli za\u010d\u00edt zab\u00edjet autonomn\u011b, pokud tak ji\u017e neu\u010dinili.\u00a0To se v tuto chv\u00edli zd\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nevyhnuteln\u00e9, a\u0165 u\u017e je to pes nebo ne.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Po zhl\u00e9dnut\u00ed videa zabij\u00e1ck\u00e9ho robotick\u00e9ho psa politick\u00fd spisovatel James Melville na Twitteru napsal: \u201eHodiny nyn\u00ed odb\u00edjej\u00ed t\u0159in\u00e1ctou,\u201c s odkazem na dystopick\u00fd rom\u00e1n George Orwella 1984.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Jsou tu \u010dty\u0159no\u017en\u00ed roboti a bezpilotn\u00ed zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Spole\u010dnost Sword Defense Systems p\u0159edstavila svou bezpilotn\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pu\u0161ku SPUR (Special Purpose Unmanned Rifle) v \u0159\u00edjnu 2021.\u00a0SPUR, navr\u017een\u00fd pro p\u0159esnou palbu z robot\u016f nebo \u201ebezpilotn\u00edch platforem\u201c, jako je \u010dty\u0159no\u017eec Vision-60 od Ghost Robotics, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 psa, m\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed senzory, kter\u00e9 mu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed st\u0159\u00edlet za r\u016fzn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, v\u010detn\u011b noci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u201eSPUR\u2122 spole\u010dnosti SWORD Defense Systems je budoucnost\u00ed bezpilotn\u00edch zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a tato budoucnost je nyn\u00ed,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e spole\u010dnost na sv\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch.\u00a0Vision-60 quadruped je ps\u00ed robot popsan\u00fd spole\u010dnost\u00ed Ghost Robotics jako \u201epozemsk\u00fd dron do ka\u017ed\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le nestrukturovan\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro obranu, vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a podnikov\u00e9 aplikace\u201c.\u00a0Spole\u010dnost vysv\u011btluje:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>I kdy\u017e je prost\u0159ed\u00ed zcela nezn\u00e1m\u00e9, zrakov\u00e9 senzory nefunguj\u00ed nebo sel\u017eou, m\u016f\u017eete si b\u00fdt jisti, \u017ee pokud n\u00e1\u0161 robot s nohama sel\u017ee, uklouzne nebo upadne, okam\u017eit\u011b se vr\u00e1t\u00ed a bude pokra\u010dovat.\u00a0Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je u\u010dinit z na\u0161ich Q-UGV nezbytn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj a neust\u00e1le posouvat hranice, abychom zlep\u0161ili jejich schopnost chodit, b\u011bhat, plazit se ve slo\u017eit\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, ve kter\u00fdch na\u0161i z\u00e1kazn\u00edci mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den pracovat, l\u00e9zt a nakonec plavat.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Spole\u010dnost Ghost Robotics uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f z oblasti n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a dosud dodala v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 robot\u016f.\u00a0Spole\u010dnost spolupracuje mimo jin\u00e9 se spole\u010dnostmi obrann\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, AT&amp;T, Verizon, Amazon a Honeywell.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Je snadn\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee tyto autonomn\u00ed ps\u00ed roboty by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity nejen pro \u00fa\u010dely sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a obrany, ale tak\u00e9 pro \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 man\u00e9vry.\u00a0\u201ePodrobnosti o partnerstv\u00ed Ghost a Sword jsou nejasn\u00e9,\u201c podle The Verge, \u201eale \u010dty\u0159noz\u00ed roboti Ghost ji\u017e proch\u00e1zej\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00edm americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Pro\u010d v\u00fdrobce robot\u016f zakazuje zbran\u011b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Spole\u010dnost Boston Dynamics, kter\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u0159adu \u010dty\u0159noh\u00fdch robot\u016f v\u010detn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho Spotu, \u0159e\u0161\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nevyhnuteln\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f v oblasti soukrom\u00ed, ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 takov\u00e1 technologie p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.\u00a0Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha jin\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f robot\u016f firma zak\u00e1zala vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch stroj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jedna z jejich etick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eNedovol\u00edme, aby byli na\u0161i roboti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ni jako zbran\u011b nebo autonomn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my, ani nebudeme spolupracovat s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed si to p\u0159ej\u00ed. Pokud jsou na\u0161e produkty pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k po\u0161kozen\u00ed, p\u0159ijmeme p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, abychom toto zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u00edrnili.\u201c\u00a0Spole\u010dnost tak\u00e9 prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee bude spolupracovat s vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi, komer\u010dn\u00edmi a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, jako\u017e i z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci, a zav\u00e1zala se dodr\u017eovat z\u00e1kony na ochranu soukrom\u00ed a ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Nebudeme autorizovat ani spolupracovat s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat na\u0161e roboty zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd poru\u0161uje soukrom\u00ed a ob\u010dansk\u00e9 svobody.\u00a0Uv\u011bdomujeme si, \u017ee nov\u00e9 technologie um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, jako je kup\u0159.\u00a0 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed a algoritmy pro identifikaci osob nastoluj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky etiky, z\u00e1konnosti a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpojatosti souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159esto v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed generace robot\u016f budou partnery, kte\u0159\u00ed budou \u201epracovat mezi n\u00e1mi\u201c a vytv\u00e1\u0159et partnerstv\u00ed mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a robotem.\u00a0Pokud jde o zabij\u00e1ck\u00e9 roboty, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako smrt\u00edc\u00ed autonomn\u00ed zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my (LAWS), americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da je na palub\u011b.\u00a0Podle Kongresov\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 slu\u017eby (k 1. prosinci 2020):<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Z\u00e1sady USA nezakazuj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Z\u00c1KON\u016e.\u00a0A\u010dkoli Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v sou\u010dasnosti nemaj\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu Z\u00c1KONY, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed vysoc\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed a obrann\u00ed \u010dinitel\u00e9 uvedli, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty mohou b\u00fdt v budoucnu nuceny vypracovat Z\u00c1KONY, pokud se tak potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed ameri\u010dt\u00ed protivn\u00edci rozhodnou.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><cite>Rostouc\u00ed po\u010det st\u00e1t\u016f a nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 apeluje na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed, aby z d\u016fvodu etiky regulovalo nebo zak\u00e1zalo Z\u00c1KONY.<\/cite><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u010ctvrt\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce: roboty nahrazuj\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Prvn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce, kter\u00e1 se odehr\u00e1la na po\u010d\u00e1tku a\u017e polovin\u011b 18. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159inesla vyu\u017eit\u00ed parn\u00ed energie po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.\u00a0Druh\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce prob\u00edhala od konce 19. do po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed a zaznamenala pokroky v ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m, elektrotechnick\u00e9m a automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>T\u0159et\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce podle Klause Schwaba, zakladatele a v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho p\u0159edsedy Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho f\u00f3ra (WEF), \u201epou\u017eila elektroniku a informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie k automatizaci v\u00fdroby\u201c, zat\u00edmco \u010dtvrt\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce ji\u017e za\u010dala a \u201eprost\u0159ednictv\u00edm f\u00faze technologie, kter\u00e9 st\u00edraj\u00ed hranice mezi fyzickou, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a biologickou sf\u00e9rou\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jde o pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed rozvoj um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (AI) a integraci s lidmi a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed robot\u016f zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve nebyly nebo v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech ani nep\u0159edstavovaly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kai-Fu Lee, autor knihy AI Super-Powers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order a b\u00fdval\u00fd vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edk spole\u010dnosti Google China, \u0159ekl, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee pokud roboty nahrad\u00ed pracovn\u00edky, dojde k rychl\u00e9mu p\u0159esunu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a \u017ee v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 10 let bude nahrazeno tolik pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, \u017ee lid\u00e9 budou muset naj\u00edt \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed bez pr\u00e1ce.\u00a0Amazon tak\u00e9 uvedl, \u017ee pln\u011b automatizovan\u00e9 p\u0159epravn\u00ed sklady, kde roboti nahrad\u00ed lidi p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed objedn\u00e1vek, mohou b\u00fdt vzd\u00e1leny pouh\u00fdch 10 let.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>WEF na sv\u00e9m summitu Jobs Reset Summit tak\u00e9 uvedl, \u017ee do roku 2025 bude muset b\u00fdt 50 % pracovn\u00edk\u016f rekvalifikov\u00e1no, \u201ekdy\u017e se projev\u00ed \u201edvoj\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed\u201c ekonomick\u00e9ho dopadu pandemie a rostouc\u00ed automatizace m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta\u201c.\u00a0WEF tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee do roku 2025 by mohlo zaniknout 85 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, zat\u00edmco dal\u0161\u00edch 97 milion\u016f by mohlo b\u00fdt vytvo\u0159eno, aby se p\u0159izp\u016fsobilo \u201enov\u00e9 d\u011blb\u011b pr\u00e1ce mezi lidmi, stroji a algoritmy\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Realita je v\u0161ak takov\u00e1, \u017ee v tomto robotick\u00e9m a AI \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b na\u0161el pr\u00e1ci jen zlomek lid\u00ed, co\u017e by si vy\u017e\u00e1dalo zaveden\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1kladn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku to m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt jako dobr\u00e1 v\u011bc, ale kdy\u017e je schopnost generovat nez\u00e1visl\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem zni\u010dena, \u010dlov\u011bk se st\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1visl\u00fdm a je vyd\u00e1n na milost a nemilost elit\u011b, kter\u00e1 kontroluje tento p\u0159\u00edjem a zdroje, kter\u00e9 s n\u00edm souvis\u00ed.\u00a0V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dluh\u016f by tak\u00e9 mohlo b\u00fdt zavedeno v\u00fdm\u011bnou za ztr\u00e1tu v\u0161ech budouc\u00edch soukrom\u00fdch vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.\u00a0P\u0159iho\u010fte ozbrojen\u00e9 robotick\u00e9 psy a m\u00e1te recept na tyranii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Probl\u00e9my s digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dehumanizac\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Existuje mnoho vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch robotick\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 by mohly m\u00edt pozitivn\u00ed dopad na spole\u010dnost.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dty\u0159noh\u00fd robot vyvinut\u00fd spole\u010dnost\u00ed Boston Dynamics byl testov\u00e1n na pohotovosti v Bostonu, kde se m\u00edsto lidsk\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e st\u0159\u00eddali lid\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u011bt\u0161ina uvedla, \u017ee tato zku\u0161enost byla podobn\u00e1 jako p\u0159i osobn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b a byla dokonce otev\u0159ena robot\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed odeb\u00edraj\u00ed nosn\u00ed v\u00fdt\u011bry, zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed kat\u00e9try, odeb\u00edraj\u00ed krev a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>T\u00fdm nyn\u00ed pracuje na men\u0161\u00edch robotech, kte\u0159\u00ed by byli schopni komunikovat s pacienty mimo typickou nemocnici, nap\u0159.\u00a0B. v sanitce nebo poln\u00ed nemocnici a vyvinout senzory, kter\u00e9 by mohly na d\u00e1lku m\u011b\u0159it \u017eivotn\u00ed funkce.\u00a0Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed robot\u016f v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt zna\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky a v\u00e9st k digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dehumanizaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle koalice Stop Killer Robots Coalition by m\u011bla b\u00fdt technologie pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k pos\u00edlen\u00ed, nikoli k redukci lid\u00ed na \u201evzorec 1s a 0s\u201c.\u00a0Koalice je nejen odhodl\u00e1na zajistit, aby lid\u00e9 m\u011bli i nad\u00e1le kontrolu nad pou\u017eit\u00edm s\u00edly, ale tak\u00e9 vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona o autonomii zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0Koalice v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee bez akce jsou mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vazky a st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pravidla ohro\u017eeny, proto\u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dehumanizace nar\u016fst\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Stroje n\u00e1s nevid\u00ed jako lidi, jen dal\u0161\u00ed kus k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba zpracovat a rozt\u0159\u00eddit.\u00a0Od chytr\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed po pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed robotick\u00fdch ps\u016f polici\u00ed, technologie AI a automatizovan\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed nyn\u00ed hraj\u00ed v na\u0161ich \u017eivotech d\u016fle\u017eitou roli.\u00a0Na extr\u00e9mn\u00edm konci spektra automatizace jsou zabij\u00e1ck\u00e9 roboty.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><cite>Roboti zabij\u00e1ci se jen tak neobjevuj\u00ed \u2013 my je vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme.\u00a0Pokud tuto dehumanizaci dovol\u00edme, jen t\u011b\u017eko se budeme chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed rozhodnut\u00edmi stroj\u016f v jin\u00fdch oblastech na\u0161eho \u017eivota.\u00a0Mus\u00edme zak\u00e1zat autonomn\u00ed zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity proti lidem, abychom zabr\u00e1nili tomuto sklouznut\u00ed k digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dehumanizaci.<\/cite><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>In\u017een\u00fdr tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010d s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed z\u00edskal rozum<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>S pokrokem v AI a robotice lid\u00e9 vstupuj\u00ed na nov\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed, kde se hranice mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a strojem st\u00edraj\u00ed.\u00a0Podle in\u017een\u00fdra spole\u010dnosti Google Blakea Lemoinea AI chatbotov\u00e1 aplikace nazvan\u00e1 LaMDA, co\u017e je zkratka pro Language Model for Dialogue Applications, z\u00edskala vn\u00edmavost, neboli nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed sebe sama.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Google zam\u00edtl Lemoineho tvrzen\u00ed a dal mu placenou administrativn\u00ed dovolenou za poru\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011brnosti, ale st\u00e1le se hodn\u011b diskutuje o tom, zda se um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t sebev\u011bdom\u00fdm a vyvinout se mimo lidskou kontrolu.\u00a0Potenci\u00e1l sv\u011bta nabrat velmi temn\u00fd obrat, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o smrt\u00edc\u00ed autonomn\u00ed zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, by byl obrovsk\u00fd, a\u010dkoli mnoz\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee AI je a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z\u016fstane necitliv\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem, alespo\u0148 prozat\u00edm, je pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj robot\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k zab\u00edjen\u00ed.\u00a0V roce 2020 byl zavra\u017ed\u011bn p\u0159edn\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd jadern\u00fd v\u011bdec Mohsen Fakhrizadeh &#8222;zabij\u00e1ck\u00fdm robotem&#8220; &#8211; kulometem p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm k robotick\u00e9mu n\u00e1stroji vybaven\u00e9mu AI a n\u011bkolika &#8222;o\u010dima&#8220; kamery ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 p\u0159es satelit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle zpr\u00e1v mohly b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 libyjsk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v b\u0159eznu 2020 jednat autonomn\u011b a zab\u00edjet lidi vyzbrojen\u00e9 drony poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed.\u00a0Jak u\u017e to tak \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1, technologick\u00fd pokrok p\u0159edb\u011bhl schopnost lid\u00ed pln\u011b porozum\u011bt jeho d\u016fsledk\u016fm \u2013 v dobr\u00e9m i ve zl\u00e9m.\u00a0Elke Schwarz, \u010dlenka Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru pro kontrolu robotick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, v rozhovoru pro The Verge vysv\u011btlila:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci se sna\u017e\u00edm uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto typ\u016f syst\u00e9m\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1siln\u00e9 \u010diny jako \u201esnaz\u0161\u00ed\u201c volbu.\u00a0A &#8230; velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dojde k chyb\u00e1m [&#8230;], kter\u00e9 budou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b opraveny a\u017e pot\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010cl\u00e1nek ve\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/media.mercola.com\/ImageServer\/Public\/2022\/August\/PDF\/robot-murder-dogs-have-arrived-pdf.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/media.mercola.com\/ImageServer\/Public\/2022\/August\/PDF\/robot-murder-dogs-have-arrived-pdf.pdf\"><span>form\u00e1tu PDF<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Prameny:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul id=\"footnote-references2\">\n<li><sup><span>1\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5VygwTBgph4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>YouTube, Alexander Atamanov, robot Patrol dog, 21. b\u0159ezna 2022<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>2,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>3,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>4\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/7\/21\/23272237\/robot-dog-gun-skynet-russia-alexander-atamanov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>The Verge 21. \u010dervence 2022<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>5\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/JamesMelville\/status\/1550111979939004416?s=20&amp;t=jeyphtzqR3gJbe_67WlDjw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Twitter, James Melville 21. \u010dervence 2022<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>6,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>12\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/10\/14\/22726111\/robot-dogs-with-guns-sword-international-ghost-robotics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>The Verge 14. \u0159\u00edjna 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>7\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sworddefense.com\/spur\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>SWORD Defense Systems, SPUR<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>8,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>9,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>10\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ghostrobotics.io\/vision-60\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Ghost Robotics, Vision 60<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>11\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ghostrobotics.io\/solutions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Ghost Robotics, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>13,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>14,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>15\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostondynamics.com\/ethics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Boston Dynamics, Etika<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>16\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sgp.fas.org\/crs\/natsec\/IF11150.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Kongresov\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 slu\u017eba 1. prosince 2020<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>17\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/industrial-revolution\/industrial-revolution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>History.com, Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>18\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2016\/01\/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 f\u00f3rum 14. ledna 2016<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>19\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=E0cbIzJy-R0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>YouTube, Skeptici pravdy, Nov\u00fd norm\u00e1ln\u00ed dokument 13. ledna 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>20\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2019\/5\/1\/18526092\/amazon-warehouse-robotics-automation-ai-10-years-away\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>The Verge 1. kv\u011btna 2019<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>21\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2020\/10\/top-10-work-skills-of-tomorrow-how-long-it-takes-to-learn-them\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>WEF 21. \u0159\u00edjna 2020<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>22,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>24\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2021\/03\/210304112456.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Science Daily 21. b\u0159ezna 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>23\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2776970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>JAMA Network Otev\u0159eno 4. b\u0159ezna 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>25\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stopkillerrobots.org\/about-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Stop Killer Robots, O n\u00e1s<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>26\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stopkillerrobots.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Zastavte zabij\u00e1ck\u00e9 roboty<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>27\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-10907853\/Google-engineer-claims-new-AI-robot-FEELINGS-Blake-Lemoine-says-LaMDA-device-sentient.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Daily Mail 11. \u010dervna 2022<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>28\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/israel-news\/2021-09-18\/ty-article\/.premium\/israel-assassinated-top-iran-nuclear-scientist-killer-robot-mossad-trump-fakhrizadeh\/0000017f-f0b5-da6f-a77f-f8bffde10000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Haaretz 18. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>29,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>30\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/6\/3\/22462840\/killer-robot-autonomous-drone-attack-libya-un-report-context\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>The Verge 3. \u010dervna 2021<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Sword Defense Systems p\u0159edstavila svou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpilotn\u00ed pu\u0161ku (SPUR) v \u0159\u00edjnu 2021. SPUR byl&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13673,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3064,794,423,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13672"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13672"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13674,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13672\/revisions\/13674"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}