{"id":13364,"date":"2022-08-10T01:03:40","date_gmt":"2022-08-09T23:03:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=13364"},"modified":"2022-08-09T18:15:37","modified_gmt":"2022-08-09T16:15:37","slug":"proc-ukrajina-zastavila-tranzit-ropy-z-ruska-do-evropy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/10\/proc-ukrajina-zastavila-tranzit-ropy-z-ruska-do-evropy\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d Ukrajina zastavila tranzit ropy z Ruska do Evropy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>Ukrajina zastavila \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9 ropy ropovodem Dru\u017eba sm\u011brem do Ma\u010farska, \u010ceska a Slovenska.\u00a0Stalo se tak pot\u00e9, co Kyjev koncem \u010dervence neobdr\u017eel od Moskvy platbu za tranzit energetick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9 banky za\u010daly blokovat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 operace na pozad\u00ed zaveden\u00ed sedm\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku sankc\u00ed EU proti Rusku.\u00a0Pozoruhodn\u00e9 je, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b v kv\u011btnu zazn\u011bly na Ukrajin\u011b n\u00e1vrhy na zablokov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017en\u00ed v\u011btve Dru\u017eby a potrest\u00e1n\u00ed Ma\u010farska za neochotu vzd\u00e1t se rusk\u00e9 ropy.\u00a0Zastaven\u00ed tranzitu p\u0159itom podle expert\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u017en\u011b zas\u00e1hnout \u010cesko a Slovensko, kter\u00e9 do Kyjeva dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed zbran\u011b, a tak\u00e9 negativn\u011b ovlivnit ekonomiku EU jako celek.<\/p>\n<p>Dod\u00e1vky rusk\u00e9 ropy do Evropy p\u0159es \u00fazem\u00ed Ukrajiny ropovodem Dru\u017eba skon\u010dily.\u00a0V \u00fater\u00fd 9. srpna to ozn\u00e1mil poradce prezidenta Transn\u011bfti Igor Demin.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ukrtransnafta zcela zastavila \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed ropy do Ma\u010farska, \u010ceska a Slovenska p\u0159es ji\u017en\u00ed v\u011btev Dru\u017eby 4. srpna v 6:10 hodin.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 pokra\u010duje tranzit p\u0159es B\u011blorusko ve sm\u011bru do Polska a N\u011bmecka,\u201c cituje Demina RIA Novosti.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ukrajinsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost podle n\u011bj poskytuje slu\u017eby pro p\u0159epravu ropy z Ruska na 100% b\u00e1zi placen\u00ed p\u0159edem. Mezit\u00edm, na konci \u010dervence, p\u0159i platb\u011b za srpnov\u00fd tranzit surovin, byly pen\u00edze vr\u00e1ceny na \u00fa\u010det Transn\u011bfti.<\/p>\n<p>Gazprombank, kter\u00e1 obsluhuje platby, n\u00e1m ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee platba byla vr\u00e1cena v souvislosti se vstupem do na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed EU, tedy sedm\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku sankc\u00ed,\u201c dodal Dyomin.<\/p>\n<p>Jak je uvedeno v Transneftu, postup kontroly p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch plateb z Ruska byl up\u0159esn\u011bn v nov\u00e9m na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed EU.\u00a0Tak\u017ee v tuto chv\u00edli ji\u017e evropsk\u00e9 banky nemohou samostatn\u011b rozhodovat o mo\u017enosti proveden\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed operace.\u00a0Organizace pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee transakce nen\u00ed zak\u00e1z\u00e1na a k tomu je nutn\u00e9 z\u00edskat povolen\u00ed od n\u00e1rodn\u00ed autorizovan\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eSituaci komplikuje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee evrop\u0161t\u00ed regul\u00e1to\u0159i dosud nevytvo\u0159ili jednotn\u00fd postoj k algoritmu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed pro banky v r\u016fzn\u00fdch jurisdikc\u00edch a nevypracovali postup pro vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto povolen\u00ed,\u201c up\u0159esnil Transn\u011bf\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Spole\u010dnost ji\u017e o aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci informovala Ministerstvo energetiky Rusk\u00e9 federace, Ukrtransnaftu a rusk\u00e9 p\u0159epravce z\u00e1sobuj\u00edc\u00ed zdroje ve sm\u011bru do \u010cR, Ma\u010farska a Slovenska.\u00a0Transn\u011bf\u0165 tak\u00e9 zaslala v\u00fdzvu Gazprombank a nyn\u00ed pracuje na alternativn\u00edch mo\u017enostech prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed plateb za dod\u00e1vky ropy p\u0159es Ukrajinu.\u00a0Ma\u010farsk\u00e1 ropn\u00e1 a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost MOL p\u0159itom ji\u017e zah\u00e1jila jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o p\u0159evzet\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f platit za tranzit p\u0159es Dru\u017ebu, uv\u00e1d\u00ed RIA Novosti.<\/p>\n<p>Sv\u011btov\u00e9 ceny ropy reagovaly r\u016fstem na zpr\u00e1vy o pozastaven\u00ed tranzitu p\u0159es \u00fazem\u00ed Ukrajiny.\u00a0Suroviny referen\u010dn\u00ed zna\u010dky Brent na burze ICE v Lond\u00fdn\u011b tedy uprost\u0159ed dne zdra\u017eily o 1,8 % na 98,36 USD za barel.\u00a0Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f se investo\u0159i za\u010dali ob\u00e1vat n\u00e1r\u016fstu nedostatku uhlovod\u00edk\u016f na evropsk\u00e9m energetick\u00e9m trhu.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eV norm\u00e1ln\u00edm re\u017eimu Rusko dod\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159es ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Dru\u017eby asi 250 tis\u00edc barel\u016f denn\u011b.\u00a0Tato trasa p\u0159edstavuje 10 % z celkov\u00e9ho objemu rusk\u00e9 ropy dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 Evropskou uni\u00ed.\u00a0Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee tranzit p\u0159es severn\u00ed v\u011btev ropovodu nad\u00e1le funguje, teoreticky by se dal vyu\u017e\u00edt k \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed ropy na Slovensko, do \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a Ma\u010farska, ale to je pom\u011brn\u011b drah\u00e9 a neefektivn\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btlil analytik Finam FG Alexander Potavin.<\/p>\n<h2>&#8222;Obvi\u0148ovat Rusko&#8220;<\/h2>\n<p>O mo\u017en\u00e9m zablokov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017en\u00ed v\u011btve ropovodu Dru\u017eba na Ukrajin\u011b se hovo\u0159ilo u\u017e v kv\u011btnu.\u00a0Jak tehdy poznamenala Elena Zerkal, poradkyn\u011b \u0161\u00e9fa ukrajinsk\u00e9ho ministerstva energetiky, takov\u00fd krok by st\u00e1lo za to, proto\u017ee Ma\u010farsko nechce odm\u00edtnout n\u00e1kup rusk\u00e9 ropy.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eUkrajina m\u00e1 ve sv\u00fdch rukou\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/russian.rt.com\/business\/article\/1007975-ukraina-vengriya-neft-druzhba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e1ku<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 to je ropovod Dru\u017eba&#8230; Bylo by velmi vhodn\u00e9, kdyby se mu n\u011bco stalo.\u00a0Ale op\u011bt je v rukou vl\u00e1dy a prezidenta, aby vy\u0159e\u0161ili politick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, \u201c\u0159ekl Zerkal na Kyjevsk\u00e9m bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm f\u00f3ru.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Zem\u011b EU v tu chv\u00edli aktivn\u011b diskutovaly o mo\u017enosti uvalen\u00ed embarga na dovoz rusk\u00e9 ropy, ale Ma\u010farsko bylo kategoricky proti a opakovan\u011b blokovalo p\u0159ijet\u00ed nov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku sankc\u00ed.\u00a0Podle premi\u00e9ra Viktora Orb\u00e1na by se takov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Moskv\u011b v energetice rovnala \u201eatomov\u00e9 bomb\u011b\u201c pro ekonomiku republiky.<\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku toho se EU vydala sm\u011brem k Budape\u0161ti a rozhodla se zak\u00e1zat pouze n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed dod\u00e1vky surovin z Ruska a ponechat dod\u00e1vky potrub\u00ed beze zm\u011bny.\u00a0Schv\u00e1len\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed by p\u0159itom m\u011bla za\u010d\u00edt platit a\u017e v prosinci 2022.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eP\u0159i diskuzi o sankc\u00edch se Ma\u010fa\u0159i chovali tvrd\u011b, ale st\u00e1le h\u00e1jili pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159\u00edjem rusk\u00e9 ropy.\u00a0V Evropsk\u00e9 unii v\u0161ak jako v\u017edy d\u011blali v\u0161echno nap\u016fl.\u00a0Org\u00e1ny EU umo\u017enily Ma\u010farsku p\u0159ij\u00edmat suroviny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Dru\u017eby, ale nezru\u0161ily sankce na finan\u010dn\u00ed transakce, \u010deho\u017e nyn\u00ed Ukrajina vyu\u017eila, \u201c\u0159ekl politolog Andrej Suzdaltsev.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak specialista poznamenal, nen\u00ed to poprv\u00e9, co z\u00e1padn\u00ed sankce zp\u016fsobily p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek rusk\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch surovin do Evropy.\u00a0<\/strong>Tak\u017ee d\u0159\u00edve byla Moskva nucena drasticky omezit tok plynu plynovodem Nord Stream kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm s n\u00e1vratem turb\u00edny Siemens do Gazpromu.\u00a0Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vr\u00e1tit v d\u016fsledku protirusk\u00fdch omezen\u00ed v Kanad\u011b, kde byla jednotka v servisu.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eNejde o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/russian.rt.com\/business\/article\/1015590-rossiya-germaniya-gaz-postavki-kanada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">z\u00e1m\u011bnu sankc\u00ed<\/a> , nebo je to n\u011b\u010d\u00ed absolutn\u011b \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed&#8230; Motor je v tov\u00e1rn\u011b (v Kanad\u011b. &#8211; IK).\u00a0Motor nelze p\u0159evz\u00edt z tov\u00e1rny Siemens.\u00a0A jin\u00e9 motory jsou vhodn\u00e9 a u\u017e do\u0161ly do bodu, kdy je pot\u0159eba ud\u011blat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed opravy.\u00a0A nelze je poslat do Kanady.\u00a0A tak\u00e9 je nelze poslat do \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho jin\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu,\u201c vysv\u011btlil situaci \u0161\u00e9f Gazpromu Alexej Miller.<\/p>\n<p>Pozd\u011bji Ottawa na \u017e\u00e1dost Berl\u00edna zm\u00edrnila omezen\u00ed a poslala motor, ale jednotka se \u201ezasekla\u201c p\u0159i tranzitu N\u011bmeckem.\u00a0Nyn\u00ed se strany nemohou dohodnout na z\u00e1ruk\u00e1ch a dokumentech pro p\u0159epravu motoru do Ruska.\u00a0\u017divotnost ostatn\u00edch turb\u00edn, s v\u00fdjimkou jedn\u00e9 pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro provoz Nord Streamu, mezit\u00edm skon\u010dila.\u00a0Gazprom je vypnul, proto\u017ee je nemohli poslat do opravy.<\/p>\n<p>Situaci p\u0159itom d\u00e1le zhor\u0161uj\u00ed \u010diny Kyjeva, domn\u00edv\u00e1 se Andrej Suzdaltsev.\u00a0Jak specialista p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, Ukrajina d\u0159\u00edve uzav\u0159ela jeden ze vstup\u016f do sv\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu p\u0159epravy plynu, v d\u016fsledku \u010deho\u017e se tranzit rusk\u00e9ho plynu do Evropy p\u0159es \u00fazem\u00ed zem\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil na polovinu.\u00a0Nyn\u00ed lze podobn\u00fd stav pozorovat u dod\u00e1vek ropy, dodal expert.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eV tuto chv\u00edli Kyjev po\u0161kozuje zem\u011b, na kter\u00e9 spol\u00e9h\u00e1.\u00a0Tak\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159esah ropovodu \u201eDru\u017eba\u201c dopad\u00e1 na \u010ceskou republiku a Slovensko, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed zbran\u011b na Ukrajinu. To se v\u0161ak ji\u017e m\u011bn\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00ed politiku \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f zem\u011b: blokovat tranzit a obvi\u0148ovat Rusko z nedostatku dod\u00e1vek, \u201cdodal Suzdaltsev.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Evropsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady podle n\u011bj zase takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 strany jen podporuj\u00ed.\u00a0Jak vysv\u011btlil expert, pro Brusel je v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 p\u0159esunout sv\u00e9 chyby v oblasti energetiky na Moskvu a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit o tom vlastn\u00ed voli\u010de.\u00a0Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9 politiky by v\u0161ak mohlo ohrozit samotnou EU, je si jist\u00fd Suzdaltsev.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eS Dru\u017ebou lze probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161it, pokud Evropsk\u00e1 unie p\u0159esto zas\u00e1hne do situace, jako to ji\u017e u\u010dinila v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/russian.rt.com\/world\/article\/1025642-kaliningrad-tranzt-evrokomissiya\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tranzitu zbo\u017e\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0do Kaliningradu p\u0159es Litvu.\u00a0Pot\u00e9 EU uznala, \u017ee p\u0159eprava zbo\u017e\u00ed z jednoho konce zem\u011b na druh\u00fd nepodl\u00e9h\u00e1 sankc\u00edm.\u00a0I zde mus\u00edme po\u010dkat na vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed Bruselu, proto\u017ee Ma\u010farsko je ze z\u00e1kona opr\u00e1vn\u011bno p\u0159ij\u00edmat ropu ropovodem.\u00a0Pokud v tomto ohledu nedojde k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu pokroku, zastaven\u00ed tranzitu ropy by nyn\u00ed mohlo m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd dopad na Evropu,\u201c uzav\u0159el expert.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ukrajina zastavila \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9 ropy ropovodem Dru\u017eba sm\u011brem do Ma\u010farska, \u010ceska a Slovenska.\u00a0Stalo se tak&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13365,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3006,310,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13364"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13364"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13366,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13364\/revisions\/13366"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}