{"id":13311,"date":"2022-08-08T06:13:40","date_gmt":"2022-08-08T04:13:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=13311"},"modified":"2022-08-08T06:13:40","modified_gmt":"2022-08-08T04:13:40","slug":"chytra-politika-zajmu-mezi-moskvou-a-ankarou-evropa-nakupuje-rusky-plyn-pres-turecko","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/08\/chytra-politika-zajmu-mezi-moskvou-a-ankarou-evropa-nakupuje-rusky-plyn-pres-turecko\/","title":{"rendered":"Chytr\u00e1 politika z\u00e1jmu mezi Moskvou a Ankarou: Evropa nakupuje rusk\u00fd plyn p\u0159es Turecko"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>Prezidenti Ruska a Turecka se na sv\u00e9m bilater\u00e1ln\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v So\u010di mimo jin\u00e9 dohodli na dal\u0161\u00edm prohlouben\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce.\u00a0Evropan\u00e9 nakupuj\u00ed sv\u016fj rusk\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn p\u0159es Turecko.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>\u201eNa\u0161i evrop\u0161t\u00ed partne\u0159i by m\u011bli b\u00fdt Turecku vd\u011b\u010dni za zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed neru\u0161en\u00e9ho tranzitu na\u0161eho plynu na evropsk\u00fd trh,\u201c \u0159ekl minul\u00fd p\u00e1tek prezident Vladimir Putin v So\u010di b\u011bhem setk\u00e1n\u00ed s tureck\u00fdm prezidentem Recepem Tayyipem Erdo\u011fanem.\u00a0Plynovod\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TurkStream\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>TurkStream<\/span><\/a><span> , ofici\u00e1ln\u011b otev\u0159en\u00fd ob\u011bma prezidenty v lednu 2020, dod\u00e1v\u00e1 rusk\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn p\u0159es \u010cern\u00e9 mo\u0159e a kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 tureck\u00e9 tranzitn\u00ed trasy do jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, kde plynovod pokra\u010duje do Srbska jako Balk\u00e1nsk\u00fd proud.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Politick\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed o tomto p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m koridoru zemn\u00edho plynu mezi Ruskem a Tureckem bylo p\u0159ijato v prosinci 2014.\u00a0Od jara 2014 se p\u016fvodn\u00ed projekt plynovodu stal\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Stream\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>South Stream<\/span><\/a><span>, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla spojovat Rusko se st\u00e1tem EU Bulharskem p\u0159es \u010cern\u00e9 mo\u0159e, ale projekt byl na n\u00e1tlak komise EU zastaven. Pozad\u00edm byla krymsk\u00e1 krize.\u00a0South Stream m\u011bl dopl\u0148ovat Nord Stream 1 a 2.\u00a0Hlavn\u00edmi investory byly Gazprom a italsk\u00e1 skupina ENI.\u00a0Stavebn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce m\u011bly za\u010d\u00edt v \u010dervnu 2014 a ji\u017e byly uzav\u0159eny desetitis\u00edce pracovn\u00edch smluv.\u00a0Pak se ale v\u0161e zastavilo.\u00a0Moskva \u010dekala do konce roku, aby rozhodla, co chce EU ud\u011blat.\u00a0S argumentem, \u017ee p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na termin\u00e1l na bulharsk\u00e9m pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed byla poru\u0161ena pravidla hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, Evropsk\u00e1 komise ustoupila a n\u00e1sledn\u011b poru\u0161ila smlouvu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Turecko jako energetick\u00fd uzel pro Evropu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Turecko se stalo kl\u00ed\u010dovou tranzitn\u00ed zem\u00ed pro evropsk\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 odb\u011bratele nejpozd\u011bji s transkavkazsk\u00fdm\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baku-Tiflis-Ceyhan-Pipeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>BTC ropovodem Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, kter\u00fd byl postaven pod veden\u00edm BP a uveden do provozu od roku 2005.\u00a0Z geopolitick\u00e9ho hlediska byla tato linie tak\u00e9 od po\u010d\u00e1tku kontroverzn\u00ed.\u00a0Svou roli v tom sehr\u00e1la prvn\u00ed \u010de\u010densk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v 90. letech a politick\u00e9 ot\u0159esy v Gruzii.\u00a0Mnoh\u00e1 potrub\u00ed maj\u00ed sv\u016fj sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159. N\u011bkdy moud\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed, n\u011bkdy \u00fapln\u011b ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd.\u00a0To byl p\u0159\u00edpad\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nabucco-Pipeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>projektu ropovodu Nabucco , kter\u00fd byl prosazov\u00e1n pod rakousk\u00fdm veden\u00edm OMV<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0Tento projekt byl provozov\u00e1n jako n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 marketingov\u00e1 v\u00fdst\u0159ednost, ale nikdy neexistovala smlouva o v\u00fdkupu pro odb\u011bratele zemn\u00edho plynu.\u00a0D\u016fle\u017eitou roli zde sehr\u00e1lo i Turecko.\u00a0Tehdy \u0161lo jednozna\u010dn\u011b o obch\u00e1zen\u00ed rusk\u00fdch plynovod\u016f.\u00a0Od roku 2014 Turecko oto\u010dilo a zah\u00e1jilo intenzivn\u00ed energetickou spolupr\u00e1ci s Ruskem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Turecko bude platit v rublech<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Erdo\u011fan v p\u00e1tek v So\u010di ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee \u201echce otev\u0159\u00edt novou kapitolu vztah\u016f mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi\u201c.\u00a0V\u00fdsledek intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce je p\u016fsobiv\u00fd, proto\u017ee bal\u00edk smluv, kter\u00e9 byly d\u0159\u00edve seps\u00e1ny na \u00farovni st\u00e1tn\u00edch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, byl ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zape\u010det\u011bn.\u00a0Podle rusk\u00e9 hlavy st\u00e1tu budou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 investi\u010dn\u00ed projekty mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi pokra\u010dovat podle pl\u00e1nu.\u00a0Dvoustrann\u00fd obchod mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi se za prvn\u00edch dev\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f leto\u0161n\u00edho roku zv\u00fd\u0161il o 50 procent a smazal tak d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty.\u00a0Druh\u00fd nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t NATO se nepod\u00edl\u00ed na sankc\u00edch USA a EU proti Rusku, sp\u00ed\u0161e se Turecko pod\u00edl\u00ed na diplomatick\u00e9m zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Putin tak\u00e9 ocenil ropovod TurkStream, kter\u00fd vede z Ruska a p\u0159es Turecko.\u00a0Nen\u00ed to jen jedna z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1sobovac\u00edch tepen v Evrop\u011b, ale funguje tak\u00e9 \u201ena rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f na\u0161ich z\u00e1sob uhl\u00edku bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed, dynamicky a bez poruch,\u201c \u0159ekl prezident s odkazem na objemy dod\u00e1vek plynu v plynovodu Nord Stream 1. kter\u00e9 byly od \u010dervna sn\u00ed\u017eeny. Turecko bude platit rubly. Podle zpr\u00e1v bude v budoucnu \u010d\u00e1st dod\u00e1vek plynu z Ruska v rublech. <\/span><em><span>Oba prezidenti se na tom shodli, \u0159ekl podle agentury Interfax<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0rusk\u00fd vicepremi\u00e9r Alexander Nowak\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u0160koln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad \u017eit\u00e9 diplomacie<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Dokument o bilater\u00e1ln\u00edch vztaz\u00edch mezi Ankarou a Moskvou se vyzna\u010duje mnoha kontrasty \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e v S\u00fdrii nebo v Libyi \u2013 k nim\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed i historick\u00fd balast.\u00a0Je ale fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed sledovat, jak lze tato nap\u011bt\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it a to jak na technick\u00e9 a diplomatick\u00e9 \u00farovni, tak v politick\u00fdch diskus\u00edch mezi hlavami st\u00e1t\u016f. Je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee atent\u00e1t na tehdej\u0161\u00edho rusk\u00e9ho velvyslance Andreje Karlova v Anka\u0159e v prosinci 2016 vztahy ot\u0159\u00e1sl \u2013 jako tomu bylo d\u0159\u00edve v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sest\u0159elen\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho st\u00edhac\u00edho letounu p\u0159i p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se k S\u00fdrii tureckou protivzdu\u0161nou obranou \u2013 ale vztah z\u016fstal na profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni udr\u017eovan\u00fd. \u201eNa\u0161e rozhovory s Tureckem jsou n\u011bkdy t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, ale v\u017edy kon\u010d\u00ed pozitivn\u011b, pou\u010dili jsme se?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Anal\u00fdza od Dr.\u00a0Karin Kneissl<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prezidenti Ruska a Turecka se na sv\u00e9m bilater\u00e1ln\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v So\u010di mimo jin\u00e9 dohodli na&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13312,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,295,283,1008,22,55,814],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13311"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13311"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13311\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}