{"id":13097,"date":"2022-08-03T09:44:52","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T07:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=13097"},"modified":"2022-08-03T09:44:52","modified_gmt":"2022-08-03T07:44:52","slug":"byvaly-zamestnanec-pentagonu-rusko-ma-perfektni-vesmirnou-zbran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/08\/03\/byvaly-zamestnanec-pentagonu-rusko-ma-perfektni-vesmirnou-zbran\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00fdval\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec Pentagonu: Rusko m\u00e1 perfektn\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou zbra\u0148"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou zbran\u00ed nejsou protidru\u017eicov\u00e9 st\u0159ely, ale laser. Rusko m\u00e1 laserov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Kalina, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee okam\u017eit\u011b deaktivovat kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 americk\u00e9 vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. P\u00ed\u0161e to b\u00fdval\u00fd vysok\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f Pentagonu (v letech 2009 a\u017e 2013), kter\u00fd byl zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch a zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed, plukovn\u00edk americk\u00e9ho letectva ve v\u00fdslu\u017eb\u011b Charles Beams v \u010dl\u00e1nku publikovan\u00e9m v \u010dasopise Forbes.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed se brilantn\u00ed strat\u00e9gov\u00e9 jako zesnul\u00fd Andy Marshall ob\u00e1vali kone\u010dn\u00e9 hrozby pro nadvl\u00e1du USA ve vesm\u00edru. P\u0159esto\u017ee tyto hypot\u00e9zy nebyly potvrzeny v otev\u0159en\u00fdch publikac\u00edch, zv\u011bsti koluj\u00ed kolem Pengagonu ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu, p\u00ed\u0161e expert.<\/p>\n

„Kdy\u017e p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme o ide\u00e1ln\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 zbrani a o tom, kdo ji m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt, protidru\u017eicov\u00e9 st\u0159ely (ASAT) jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9. Kdy\u017e zem\u011b sest\u0159el\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed satelity, je to z technologick\u00e9ho hlediska p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 a poka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dek\u00e1me na hromadu vysok\u00fdch titulk\u016f. Protidru\u017eicov\u00e9 st\u0159ely v\u0161ak nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost. Tyto zbran\u011b sp\u00ed\u0161e demonstruj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed schopnost zem\u011b br\u00e1nit se proti p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm balistick\u00fdm st\u0159el\u00e1m. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc br\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161emu vesm\u00edrn\u00e9mu veden\u00ed v noci sp\u00e1t \u2013 ne tradi\u010dn\u00ed rakety a ne balistick\u00e9 zbran\u011b, ale laser,\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

A Space Review ned\u00e1vno odhalil novou bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed hrozbu, kterou Rusko vyvinulo, aby doplnilo svou st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed sadu pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru. Novinka nazvan\u00e1 \u201eKalina\u201c<\/strong> je zlov\u011bstn\u00e1 laserov\u00e1 zbra\u0148, jako by ji vygenerovala zvr\u00e1cen\u00e1 p\u0159edstavivost Iana Fleminga . Kalina je prezentov\u00e1na jako jedine\u010dn\u00e1 hrozba, nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm nevid\u011bn\u00e1 ve velk\u00e9m mocensk\u00e9m soupe\u0159en\u00ed, a v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hypersonick\u00e9 st\u0159ely nov\u00e9 generace, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 schopnost vy\u0159adit z provozu n\u00e1\u0161 varovn\u00fd syst\u00e9m p\u0159ed \u00fatoky raket.<\/p>\n

Kalina je t\u0159et\u00ed laserov\u00fd syst\u00e9m vyvinut\u00fd jako sou\u010d\u00e1st rusk\u00e9ho vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho sledovac\u00edho komplexu Krona. To je sign\u00e1l pro americk\u00e9 veden\u00ed, \u017ee Moskva je odhodl\u00e1na p\u0159ipravit nep\u0159\u00e1tele o p\u0159\u00edstup k satelitn\u00edm sn\u00edmk\u016fm. D\u00edky p\u0159esn\u00e9 a adaptivn\u00ed optice Kalina detekuje a identifikuje satelity na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze s tak v\u00fdjime\u010dnou p\u0159esnost\u00ed, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee zaslepit ohniskovou rovinu jak\u00e9hokoli elektronov\u011b optick\u00e9ho satelitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

\u201eB\u011bhem provozu rychlost\u00ed sv\u011btla bude Kalina schopna okam\u017eit\u011b deaktivovat na\u0161e kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my,\u201c <\/em>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 Beams.<\/p>\n

\u201eA nevy\u017eaduje konven\u010dn\u00ed dob\u00edjen\u00ed ani rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro standardn\u00ed kinetickou zbra\u0148 nebo raketu. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee bude m\u00edt nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd a \u0161k\u00e1lovateln\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek, od do\u010dasn\u00e9 slepoty po trval\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed od n\u00edzk\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy Zem\u011b po geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dr\u00e1hu. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee nebudou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00falomky, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd oblak, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopa, bude snadn\u00e9 Kalinovu st\u00e1vku vyvr\u00e1tit, proto\u017ee bude t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 pevn\u011b ur\u010dit vin\u00edka. Pro diplomacii to bude probl\u00e9m podobn\u00fd kybernetick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokud Kalina dok\u00e1\u017ee oslepit n\u011bkter\u00fd ze z\u00e1padn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, by\u0165 jen do\u010dasn\u011b, dal\u0161\u00ed logick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, kter\u00fd znepokojuje americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 technology, bude je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed laserov\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u2013 n\u011bco jako program Air Laser v Pentagonu. Kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed ukon\u010den\u00edm programu v \u00e9\u0159e americk\u00e9ho prezidenta Baracka Obamy dok\u00e1zal letoun s palubn\u00edm laserem za letu zcela zni\u010dit c\u00edl. K dne\u0161n\u00edmu dni m\u00e1 Rusko podobn\u00e9 zbran\u011b – takzvan\u00e9 A-60 – a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budou pou\u017eity proti americk\u00fdm vesm\u00edrn\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m, p\u00ed\u0161e autor.<\/p>\n

Tato hrozba zjevn\u011b nen\u00ed nov\u00e1 (nejstar\u0161\u00ed zm\u00ednka o podobn\u00e9 technologii byla nalezena v rusk\u00e9 doktorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci v roce 2002), ale je to novinka pro ve\u0159ejnost, uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek. Konstrukce a architektura oslepovac\u00edho laseru je slo\u017eit\u00e1 a mnohem obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu ne\u017e ru\u0161i\u010dka GPS. D\u00edky Rusku a \u010c\u00edn\u011b se v\u0161ak technologie stala ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupnou.<\/p>\n

\u201eI kdy\u017e to nepovede k prudk\u00e9mu obratu sm\u011brem k multiorbit\u00e1ln\u00ed hybridn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 architektu\u0159e se zv\u00fd\u0161enou stabilitou, pak jsou dal\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed rozhodn\u011b zbyte\u010dn\u00e1. Aby Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u010delily t\u00e9to bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed hrozb\u011b, mus\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b investovat do pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch dru\u017eicov\u00fdch konstelac\u00ed a zcela se p\u0159izp\u016fsobit priorit\u011b komer\u010dn\u00edho rozvoje, kterou NASA ozn\u00e1mila p\u0159ed 15 lety,\u201c <\/em>\u2014 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 autor.<\/p>\n

Podle jeho n\u00e1zoru je v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi nejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak zajistit kontinuitu n\u00e1rodn\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch mis\u00ed, rychle urychlit vytvo\u0159en\u00ed hybridn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 architektury, kter\u00e1 bude poskytovat odolnost proti chyb\u00e1m prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kompaktn\u00edch satelitn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f nov\u00e9 generace. Komer\u010dn\u00ed satelity a slu\u017eby zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u00ed technologie a umo\u017en\u00ed lidem schovat se p\u0159ede v\u0161emi. Odstran\u00ed tak\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00e9 body ne\u00fasp\u011bchu, kter\u00e9 Kalina identifikuje a kter\u00fdch jist\u011b vyu\u017eije, kdy\u017e se naskytne p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost.<\/p>\n

\u201eRychl\u00fdm vytvo\u0159en\u00edm n\u00edzkon\u00e1kladov\u00fdch seskupen\u00ed budou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty schopny shrom\u00e1\u017edit lep\u0161\u00ed informace o nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9m sledovac\u00edm komplexu obecn\u011b a Kalin\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u011b a dozv\u011bd\u011bt se v\u00edce podrobnost\u00ed o jeho konstrukci (a pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fdch z\u00e1loh\u00e1ch). N\u00edzkon\u00e1kladov\u00e9 satelitn\u00ed \u201esouhv\u011bzd\u00ed\u201c poskytnou mnohovrstevnou udr\u017eitelnost vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch operac\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed konkurenci. Jinak, na pozad\u00ed neust\u00e1le se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch rizik a nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, jako je stejn\u00e1 Kalina, jsou na\u0161e syst\u00e9my vystaveny v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu riziku. Pokud budeme pokra\u010dovat v rozmis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed sofistikovan\u00fdch satelit\u016f, lah\u016fdek pro nep\u0159\u00edtele, vystav\u00edme tyto syst\u00e9my, jejich\u017e v\u00fdvoj stoj\u00ed miliardy dolar\u016f, v ohro\u017een\u00ed. I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ne\u00fapln\u00e9ho zvratu zaostaneme za sou\u010dasn\u00fdm kurzem a budeme schopni co nejd\u0159\u00edve za deset let p\u0159ijmout protiopat\u0159en\u00ed,\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Beams upozor\u0148uje.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jak vojensk\u00fd expert zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, „zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed generace protivesm\u00edrn\u00fdch zbran\u00ed bude v provozu v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech.“<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eAle je\u0161t\u011b d\u011bsiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Rusko a jeho spojenci budou m\u00edt zjevn\u011b z\u00e1jem o jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed kv\u016fli beztrestnosti, kterou slibuje. Mus\u00edme se dnes postavit t\u00e9to v\u00fdzv\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee vyu\u017eijeme jedine\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod Ameriky, siln\u00e9 komer\u010dn\u00ed ekonomiky a bohat\u00e9ho investi\u010dn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu, m\u00edsto abychom \u010dekali, a\u017e se na\u0161e satelity na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze prom\u011bn\u00ed v k\u00e1men.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Foto: Ilustrace: soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou zbran\u00ed nejsou protidru\u017eicov\u00e9 st\u0159ely, ale laser. Rusko m\u00e1 laserov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Kalina, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13098,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2955,2450,22,88,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13097"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13097"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13097\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}