{"id":1291,"date":"2021-05-01T05:13:33","date_gmt":"2021-05-01T03:13:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=1291"},"modified":"2021-05-01T05:13:33","modified_gmt":"2021-05-01T03:13:33","slug":"nemecti-vedci-objevili-proc-covidove-vakciny-zpusobuji-krevni-srazeniny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/05\/01\/nemecti-vedci-objevili-proc-covidove-vakciny-zpusobuji-krevni-srazeniny\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci objevili, pro\u010d covidov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed krevn\u00ed sra\u017eeniny"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed vakc\u00edny proti covidu zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed u n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f krevn\u00ed sra\u017eeniny a mohou zp\u016fsobovat \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee u mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ani nejsou vlastn\u00ed infekc\u00ed ohro\u017eeni. Vl\u00e1dy po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b do\u010dasn\u011b pozastavily nouzov\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto vakc\u00edn, ale ned\u011bl\u00e1 se nic pro to, aby se probl\u00e9m s touto kontroverzn\u00ed v\u011bdou vy\u0159e\u0161il. N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci ned\u00e1vno zjistili, pro\u010d u n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed tento typ vakc\u00edny zp\u016fsobuje krevn\u00ed sra\u017eeniny.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vakc\u00edny od firem AstraZeneca a Johnson & Johnson jsou adenovirov\u00e9 vektorov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny. Tento typ vakc\u00edny pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 modifikovan\u00fd adenovirus odebran\u00fd opic\u00edm k p\u0159enosu specifick\u00fdch instrukc\u00ed do bun\u011bk v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble. Pot\u00e9, co je modifikovan\u00fd adenovirus do lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla vst\u0159\u00edknut, p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jedine\u010dnou genetickou informaci z viru SARS-CoV-2. Tato genetick\u00e1 informace se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do bun\u011bk a nut\u00ed bu\u0148ky produkovat kopie z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch b\u00edlkovin \u2013 infek\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti viru.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e je tato cizorod\u00e1 b\u00edlkovina produkov\u00e1na na povrchu bu\u0148ky, imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m by m\u011bl reagovat a vynutit si protil\u00e1tkovou reakci. Tento proces nefunguje u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka dokonale a m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit autoimunitn\u00ed \u00fatok na vlastn\u00ed desti\u010dky t\u011bla.<\/p>\n

Vakc\u00edny proti adenovirov\u00fdm vektor\u016fm zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 autoimunitn\u00ed reakce, kter\u00e9 vedou k tvorb\u011b krevn\u00edch sra\u017eenin<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Andreas Greinacher, doktor medic\u00edny a vedouc\u00ed \u00dastavu imunologie a transfuzn\u00ed medic\u00edny p\u0159i Univerzitn\u00ed nemocnici Greifswald v N\u011bmecku, byl jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch v\u011bdc\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed zjistili, jak tyto vakc\u00ednou indukovan\u00e9 protil\u00e1tky napadaj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou b\u00edlkovinu v krevn\u00edch desti\u010dk\u00e1ch, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje rychlou tvorbu krevn\u00edch sra\u017eenin.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u00a0adenovirov\u00e9ho obalu a cizorod\u00fdch b\u00edlkovin, kter\u00e9 byly pou\u017eity ke kultivaci tohoto viru. Jakmile jsou tyto ciz\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice aplikov\u00e1ny, mohou p\u0159ij\u00edt do kontaktu s krevn\u00edmi desti\u010dkami. Krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky v t\u011ble mohou p\u0159ehnan\u011b reagovat a v\u0159\u00edtit se do m\u00edsta vpichu. Tyto krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky posp\u00edchaj\u00ed, aby zastavily krv\u00e1cen\u00ed a tak\u00e9 poskytly po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f. Krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky pak obklop\u00ed vst\u0159\u00edknut\u00fd adenovirov\u00fd obal a v\u0161echny ciz\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny. Jakmile jsou desti\u010dky aktivov\u00e1ny, uvol\u0148uj\u00ed chemick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly. O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed naru\u0161uje b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 cesty expozice, a proto m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det krevn\u00edch desti\u010dek.<\/p>\n

To zp\u016fsobuje masivn\u00ed uvoln\u011bn\u00ed chemick\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 instruuj\u00ed abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det B-lymfocyt\u016f k \u00fatoku na b\u00edlkovinu desti\u010dkov\u00e9ho faktoru 4, kter\u00fd reguluje sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed krve. Tato alergick\u00e1 z\u00e1plava B-lymfocyt\u016f je povol\u00e1na do akce, proto\u017ee t\u011blo se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je pod obrovsk\u00fdm \u00fatokem invazn\u00edch patogen\u016f.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1plava B-lymfocyt\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed protil\u00e1tky proti b\u00edlkovin\u00e1m desti\u010dkov\u00e9ho faktoru 4, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed koordinovat sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed krve. Protil\u00e1tky napadaj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky v t\u011ble, co\u017e krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky vede k n\u00e1boru b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek. \u201eA po\u010d\u00ednaje t\u00edmto cel\u00e1 ta v\u011bc vybuchne,\u201c uvedl doktor Greinacher. Z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 reakce zp\u016fsobuje autoimunitn\u00ed obrann\u00fd z\u00e1chvat v\u016f\u010di vlastn\u00edm desti\u010dk\u00e1m t\u011bla, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje tvorbu krevn\u00edch sra\u017eenin.<\/p>\n

Obsah vakc\u00edny EDTA rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00ed l\u00e1tkou<\/h3>\n

N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci objevili dal\u0161\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k tomuto \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00edmu zran\u011bn\u00ed vakc\u00ednou. Tyto vektorov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny proti adenoviru obsahuj\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edkovou vazbu a stabiliz\u00e1tor zvan\u00fd EDTA. Tato p\u0159\u00edsada, nezbytn\u00e1 pro vakcinovou v\u011bdu, je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za vyp\u00e1\u010den\u00ed spoj\u016f mezi bu\u0148kami, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed st\u011bny krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v.<\/p>\n

Jak EDTA otev\u00edr\u00e1 tyto spoje, umo\u017e\u0148uje vstup ciz\u00edch b\u00edlkovin a krevn\u00edch desti\u010dek do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu. Pokud je v krevn\u00edm \u0159e\u010di\u0161ti detekov\u00e1no dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed aktivity, imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m reaguje p\u0159ehnan\u011b, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1 n\u00e1val autoimunitn\u00edch z\u00e1chvat\u016f, kter\u00e9 krevn\u00edm sra\u017eenin\u00e1m p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vakc\u00edny proti adenoviru byly vyvinuty jako jedno-d\u00e1vkov\u00e9, proto\u017ee imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m rychle z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 imunitu v\u016f\u010di vektoru adenoviru, \u010d\u00edm\u017e ma\u0159\u00ed cel\u00fd proces. T\u00edm se budouc\u00ed d\u00e1vky vakc\u00edny st\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b a m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi. Z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska tyto vakc\u00edny nebudou cenn\u00e9, proto\u017ee koluj\u00ed nov\u00e9 mutace a varianty koronaviru.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9koli p\u0159eo\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti mutac\u00edm a variant\u00e1m koronaviru nevyvol\u00e1 \u00faplnou zam\u00fd\u0161lenou imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f, tak\u017ee lid\u00e9 budou z\u00e1visl\u00ed na myln\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b o sl\u00e1bnouc\u00ed imunit\u011b, do n\u00ed\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed i hyper z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 rizika sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed krve a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edhody.<\/p>\n

P\u0159elo\u017eila jena | Zdroj:\u00a0NewsTarget<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ZDROJ<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed vakc\u00edny proti covidu zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed u n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f krevn\u00ed sra\u017eeniny a mohou zp\u016fsobovat \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":856,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[136,23,219,46],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1291"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1291"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1291\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1291"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}