{"id":12723,"date":"2022-07-25T00:59:27","date_gmt":"2022-07-24T22:59:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=12723"},"modified":"2022-07-25T03:43:28","modified_gmt":"2022-07-25T01:43:28","slug":"tajny-zakon-proti-dezinformacim-aneb-co-je-septem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/07\/25\/tajny-zakon-proti-dezinformacim-aneb-co-je-septem\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajn\u00fd z\u00e1kon proti dezinformac\u00edm aneb Co je \u0161eptem\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ministerstvo vnitra p\u0159ipravuje nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fdm chce pot\u00edrat \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed. Mimo jin\u00e9 m\u00e1 umo\u017enit i blokaci web\u016f, kter\u00e9 je zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed. Pr\u00e1ce na n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona v\u0161ak prob\u00edhaj\u00ed pon\u011bkud nestandardn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n

Redakto\u0159i port\u00e1lu iRozhlas toti\u017e zjistili, \u017ee p\u0159i jeho p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nebyla dodr\u017eena legislativn\u00ed pravidla vl\u00e1dy (zde<\/a>). Z\u00e1kon toti\u017e chyb\u00ed v pl\u00e1nu legislativn\u00edch prac\u00ed. Co\u017e je u norem \u0159e\u0161\u00edc\u00edch dosud neupraven\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti, kterou tento z\u00e1kon nepochybn\u011b je, nutnou podm\u00ednkou (zde<\/a>). Pro\u010d se tomu tak v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nestalo?<\/p>\n

Pokud je z\u00e1kon v legislativn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu uveden, je k n\u011bmu vypracov\u00e1n i v\u011bcn\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br definuj\u00edc\u00ed v podstat\u011b jeho zad\u00e1n\u00ed a stanovuj\u00edc\u00ed zp\u016fsob \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00e9 problematiky. Ten je pak p\u0159edlo\u017een k p\u0159ipom\u00ednkov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm st\u00e1tn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm a instituc\u00edm a d\u00e1le i profesn\u00edm komor\u00e1m, kter\u00fdch se p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1 norma n\u011bjak dot\u00fdk\u00e1. Mohou jej p\u0159itom p\u0159ipom\u00ednkovat i profesn\u00ed sdru\u017een\u00ed, organizace podnikatel\u016f, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a odborn\u00e9 instituce. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ak norma nebyla do legislativn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu za\u0159azena, nebyl pro ni vytvo\u0159en ani v\u011bcn\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br a odborn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost tak byla z p\u0159ipom\u00ednkov\u00e1n\u00ed vylou\u010dena. Nebylo toti\u017e co p\u0159ipom\u00ednkovat. A proto\u017ee se d\u00e1 jen t\u011b\u017eko uv\u011b\u0159it tomu, \u017ee k nedodr\u017een\u00ed legislativn\u00edch pravidel do\u0161lo \u201enedopat\u0159en\u00edm\u201c, nab\u00edz\u00ed se vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, zda pr\u00e1v\u011b to nebyl ten c\u00edl, pro\u010d byla poru\u0161ena. Tedy dr\u017eet v\u0161e pod pokli\u010dkou a na n\u00e1vrhu nechat pracovat pouze \u00fazk\u00fd t\u00fdm sestaven\u00fd z reprezentant\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch slo\u017eek a instituc\u00ed st\u00e1tu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u011bch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch. Toto podez\u0159en\u00ed podporuje i skute\u010dnost, \u017ee v\u0161ichni jeho \u010dlenov\u00e9 byli zav\u00e1z\u00e1ni ml\u010denlivost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon m\u00e1 upravovat pravidla, na jejich\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b bude mo\u017eno ur\u010dit\u00e9 port\u00e1ly ozna\u010dit jako \u201e\u0161i\u0159itele dezinformac\u00ed\u201c a n\u00e1sledn\u011b je i blokovat. Bude tedy do budoucna mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it leg\u00e1ln\u011b situace obdobn\u00e9 t\u00e9, jak\u00e1 nastala po rusk\u00e9 agresi proti Ukrajin\u011b, kdy bylo takto zablokov\u00e1no hned n\u011bkolik web\u016f. Tenkr\u00e1t v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava, kter\u00e1 by takov\u00fd krok umo\u017enila, neexistovala. A by\u0165 je c\u00edl, kter\u00fd t\u00edm byl sledov\u00e1n, pochopiteln\u00fd a legitimn\u00ed, faktem je, \u017ee \u0161lo o neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed improvizaci. Podle mne si toho byly v\u0161echny zainteresovan\u00e9 strany (tedy vl\u00e1da, tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby i spole\u010dnost CZ.NIC, kter\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed blokaci provedla) moc dob\u0159e v\u011bdomy, a proto se t\u0159eba ani vl\u00e1da nepokou\u0161ela nechat si tento krok posv\u011btit n\u011bjak\u00fdm p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm soudu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd soudce by ji s t\u00edm toti\u017e vyhnal. A on je p\u0159eci jen rozd\u00edl jednat protipr\u00e1vn\u011b \u201enev\u011bdomky\u201c, nebo nerespektovat rozhodnut\u00ed soudu, kter\u00fd blokaci explicitn\u011b odm\u00edtl.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1t nicm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159ijet\u00edm zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona mimod\u011bk p\u0159izn\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b to, \u017ee tehdej\u0161\u00ed blokace web\u016f byly protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed. Co\u017e bude mimo jin\u00e9 i siln\u00fd argument pro jejich provozovatele, a\u017e se budou dom\u00e1hat na CZ.NIC od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed. Podle mne tak maj\u00ed velkou \u0161anci usp\u011bt. Ve fin\u00e1le to v\u0161ak stejn\u011b nejsp\u00ed\u0161 zaplat\u00ed st\u00e1t. Nedok\u00e1\u017eu si toti\u017e p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee by spole\u010dnost CZ.NIC weby blokovala, ani\u017e by m\u011bla od vl\u00e1dy p\u0159isl\u00edbeno, \u017ee j\u00ed bude p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 sankce kompenzovat.<\/p>\n

Tajnosti, kter\u00e9 kolem n\u00e1vrhu t\u00e9to pr\u00e1vn\u00ed normy panuj\u00ed, evokuj\u00ed v \u010dlov\u011bku podez\u0159en\u00ed z jej\u00edho mo\u017en\u00e9ho zneu\u017eit\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159itom bude, jak v n\u00ed budou pojmy \u201edezinformace\u201c a \u201edezinforma\u010dn\u00ed web\u201c definov\u00e1ny. Je tu toti\u017e nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee by vedle port\u00e1l\u016f opravdu \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00edch propagandu zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s zrovna dvakr\u00e1t nemus\u00ed, mohly b\u00fdt na jej\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b blokov\u00e1ny i ty, kter\u00e9 jsou pouze kritick\u00e9 bu\u010f k vrchnosti na\u0161\u00ed, nebo t\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9. Budou zkr\u00e1tka ozna\u010deny za \u0161i\u0159itele \u201enep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch dezinformac\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1znaky toho, \u017ee toto nebezpe\u010d\u00ed hroz\u00ed, u\u017e ostatn\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed. U\u017e te\u010f jsou toti\u017e ozna\u010dov\u00e1na n\u011bkter\u00e1 nesouhlasn\u00e1 stanoviska ve\u0159ejnosti nebo projevy jej\u00ed nespokojenosti za d\u016fsledek \u201erusk\u00e9 propagandy\u201c. Ta podle agentury AP nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201erozdm\u00fdch\u00e1v\u00e1 strach z krize a rostouc\u00edch cen pohonn\u00fdch hmot a potravin\u201c (zde<\/a>). No j\u00e1 tedy nev\u00edm, ale kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159ijde do obchodu a vid\u00ed, jak ceny zase o n\u011bco povysko\u010dily, tak k tomu, aby mu do\u0161lo, \u017ee bude m\u00edt do kapsy \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l hloub\u011bji, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u201enep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho dezinform\u00e1tora\u201c nepot\u0159ebuje. Nebo, \u017ee by zbo\u017e\u00ed ve skute\u010dnosti nezdra\u017eovalo, cenovky na reg\u00e1lech byly fale\u0161n\u00e9 a d\u00e1vali je tam ru\u0161t\u00ed agenti?<\/p>\n

Snaha hledat vin\u00edka nesouhlasu ve\u0159ejnosti s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi \u201epokrokov\u00fdmi\u201c my\u0161lenkami v \u201erusk\u00fdch dezinform\u00e1torech\u201c \u010douh\u00e1 jak palec z d\u011brav\u00e9 pono\u017eky i ze zpr\u00e1vy \u201eZvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho v\u00fdboru pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do v\u0161ech demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f v Evropsk\u00e9 unii, v\u010detn\u011b dezinformac\u00ed\u201c (zde<\/a>). V n\u00ed se t\u0159eba p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee za pop\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm genderov\u00e9 teorie stoj\u00ed \u201egenderov\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed \u00fatoky<\/i>\u201c a \u201e\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed o osob\u00e1ch LGBTIQ+ podn\u011bcuj\u00edc\u00edch nen\u00e1vist<\/i>\u201c. Tak\u017ee kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 odm\u00edtaj\u00ed neust\u00e1le om\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed problematiky des\u00edtek gender\u016f a pova\u017euj\u00ed to za um\u011ble vytvo\u0159enou blbinu, tak je to d\u016fsledek \u010dinnosti \u201edezinform\u00e1tor\u016f\u201c? To jako v\u00e1\u017en\u011b?<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edc v\u0161ak Zpr\u00e1va \u201etvrd\u00ed muziku\u201c v ot\u00e1zce klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn:<\/p>\n

\u201e…je nal\u00e9hav\u011b nutn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed a dezinformac\u00ed v oblasti klimatu; v\u00edt\u00e1 \u00fasil\u00ed konference COP26 o p\u0159ijet\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed definice zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed a dezinformac\u00ed v oblasti klimatu a o navr\u017een\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky…<\/i>\u201c<\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to oblasti se tak m\u00e1 st\u00e1t princip \u201ehl\u00e1s\u00e1n\u00ed jedin\u00e9 pravdy\u201c naprostou realitou a kdo si ji dovol\u00ed zpochyb\u0148ovat, tomu bude vyp\u00e1len cejch \u201edezinform\u00e1tora\u201c. Znamen\u00e1 to tedy, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ijet\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona proti dezinformac\u00edm, bude moci b\u00fdt doty\u010dn\u00fd i uml\u010den?<\/p>\n

Odpov\u011bd\u011bt na tuto ot\u00e1zku zat\u00edm nelze. O tom, jak bude norma vypadat, se toti\u017e jak odborn\u00e1, tak i laick\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost dozv\u00ed a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy bude p\u0159edlo\u017eena do parlamentu. Co\u017e je vzhledem k tomu, jak z\u00e1va\u017enou a ve vztahu k zachov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody slova i citlivou problematiku \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, zar\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed a je na m\u00edst\u011b se po d\u016fvodech tohoto tajn\u016fstka\u0159en\u00ed pt\u00e1t. Osobn\u011b se nemohu zbavit pocitu, \u017ee si politi\u010dt\u00ed zadavatel\u00e9 z\u00e1kona jsou moc dob\u0159e v\u011bdomi jeho kontroverznosti a zneu\u017eitelnosti, a tak se budou sna\u017eit jeho zn\u011bn\u00ed utajit do posledn\u00ed chv\u00edle.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee co je \u0161eptem, to je \u010dertem…<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kate\u0159ina Lhotsk\u00e1<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ministerstvo vnitra p\u0159ipravuje nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fdm chce pot\u00edrat \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed. Mimo jin\u00e9 m\u00e1 umo\u017enit i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5609,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[28,1809,609],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12723"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12723"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12723\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}