{"id":1230,"date":"2021-04-29T08:27:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-29T06:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=1230"},"modified":"2021-04-29T08:27:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-29T06:27:00","slug":"antisemitismus-v-rakousku-vrcholi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/04\/29\/antisemitismus-v-rakousku-vrcholi\/","title":{"rendered":"Antisemitismus v Rakousku vrchol\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
Po\u010det hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch antisemitsk\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, hrozeb a \u00fatok\u016f v Rakousku dos\u00e1hl vrcholu v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce. Registra\u010dn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Izraelitsk\u00e9 komunitn\u00ed obce ve V\u00eddni (IKG) zaznamenala po cel\u00e9 zemi 585 incident\u016f – v\u00edce ne\u017e kdykoli p\u0159edt\u00edm. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed meziro\u010dn\u011b o zhruba \u0161est procent m\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 co do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed s koronavirovou pandemi\u00ed, uve\u0159ejnila v pond\u011bl\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b. Zat\u00edmco na za\u010d\u00e1tku pandemie bylo zaregistrov\u00e1no jen n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, zaznamenala prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst, kdy\u017e v listopadu vzplanuly protesty proti opat\u0159en\u00edm vl\u00e1dy.<\/strong><\/div>\n
\n

Obrovsk\u00e9 antisemitsk\u00e9 l\u017ei se \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily zejm\u00e9na na internetu, upozornil prezident IKG Oskar Deutsch. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci demonstrac\u00ed se zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi \u017eidovsk\u00fdmi \u017elut\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdami se objevili na protestech, s nimi\u017e stigmatizaci \u017did\u016f ze strany nacist\u016f srovn\u00e1vali s jejich vlastn\u00ed situac\u00ed. IKG rovn\u011b\u017e m\u00e1 podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee tato online prezentace v listopadu vedla ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu antisemitsk\u00fdch incident\u016f. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 procent m\u011blo pravicov\u00e9 politick\u00e9 pozad\u00ed, 15 procent bylo p\u0159isouzeno levicov\u011b extremistick\u00e9mu spektru a islamistick\u00e9 motivy byly identifikov\u00e1ny u 13 procent. V roce 2020 bylo hl\u00e1\u0161eno jeden\u00e1ct fyzick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f na \u017didy, tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvakr\u00e1t tolik ne\u017e rok p\u0159edt\u00edm. V srpnu byl mimo jin\u00e9 napaden prezident \u017eidovsk\u00e9 komunity ve \u0160t\u00fdrsk\u00e9m Hradci Elien Rose, kter\u00fd se sna\u017eil domluvit mu\u017ei, kter\u00fd h\u00e1zel kameny na synagogu. Policie \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka zadr\u017eela a incident odsoudili mimo jin\u00fdmi rakousk\u00fd spolkov\u00fd prezident Alexander Van der Bellen a kancl\u00e9\u0159 Sebastian Kurz.<\/p>\n

Hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed IKG vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 22 hrozeb, 53 \u0161kod na majetku, 135 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f hromadn\u00e9 korespondence s v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ekami a 364 antisemitsk\u00fdmi ur\u00e1\u017ekami. V p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce bylo tak hl\u00e1\u0161eno celkem 585 antisemitsk\u00fdch incident\u016f. To je o 6,4 procenta v\u00edce ne\u017e v roce 2019, tedy nov\u00e9 maximum. Zaznamenan\u00fd po\u010det antisemitsk\u00fdch incident\u016f je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed od doby, kdy p\u0159ed dv\u011bma desetilet\u00edmi za\u010dala jejich dokumentace, uv\u00e1d\u00ed IKG V\u00edde\u0148. Byly p\u0159itom zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny pouze ty ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 byly hl\u00e1\u0161eny a klasifikov\u00e1ny jako jasn\u011b antisemitsk\u00e9 podle definice Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed aliance na pam\u00e1tku holocaustu (IHRA) po p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00edky z antisemitsk\u00e9ho zpravodajsk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu. \u0160kodliv\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed prudce vzrostlo a do\u0161lo k velmi siln\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed z 239 na 364. Podle IKG to nejen zahrnuje antisemitsk\u00e9 ur\u00e1\u017eky, prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nebo koment\u00e1\u0159e, ale i fyzick\u00e9 \u00fatoky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v kv\u011btnu pachatel zabil man\u017eelsk\u00fd p\u00e1r v Leopoldstadtu v \u017eidovsko-ortodoxn\u00edm oble\u010den\u00ed .<\/p>\n

Oskar Deutsch prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee v pandemii koronavir\u016f se naplnila slova n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho filosofa Theodora Adorna: \u201eAntisemitismus je pov\u011bst o \u017didech.\u201c St\u00e1tn\u00ed tajemnice vnitra Karoline Edtstadlerov\u00e1 , kter\u00e1 vyslovila znepokojen\u00ed t\u00edmto v\u00fdvojem, se zm\u00ednila t\u00e9\u017e o antisemitsk\u00fdch konspira\u010dn\u00edch m\u00fdtech v souvislosti s pandemi\u00ed. Pokud lze na demonstrac\u00edch koronavirist\u016f sly\u0161et v\u00fdk\u0159iky \u201eSieg Heil\u201c nebo nos\u00ed Davidovu hv\u011bzdu a bagatelizuj\u00ed tak holocaust, pak je to t\u0159eba odsoudit a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ml\u010dky p\u0159ijmout, prohl\u00e1sila lidoveck\u00e1 politi\u010dka..<\/p>\n

S n\u00e1rodn\u00ed strategi\u00ed proti antisemitismu p\u0159ijala rakousk\u00e1 spolkov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v lednu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj. Odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 ministerstva zavedla na \u010dty\u0159i des\u00edtky opat\u0159en\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1kon o ochran\u011b rakousko-\u017eidovsk\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed nebo v\u00fdukov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed administrativn\u00edch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f ve v\u00fdkonn\u00e9m sektoru. Je zde je\u0161t\u011b mnoho, co je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat,\u201c uvedla Edtstadlerov\u00e1, a to i s ohledem na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla, proto\u017ee boj proti antisemitismu je \u00fakolem pro spole\u010dnost jako celek.<\/p>\n

Postaven\u00ed \u017did\u016f v Rakousku – v\u00edce ne\u017e 75 let po \u0161oa, dr\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed a zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 pades\u00e1tiletou v\u00edde\u0148skou autorku Alexii Weissovou, kter\u00e1 napsala informativn\u00ed a \u017eiv\u00fd den\u00edk zpr\u00e1v nesouc\u00ed n\u00e1zev \u201e\u017did nen\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00e9 slovo\u201c. L\u00ed\u010d\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i \u017eeny a t\u0159i mu\u017ee, kte\u0159\u00ed se nemohou li\u0161it, s nimi\u017e pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 pr\u016f\u0159ez ka\u017edodenn\u00edmi \u017eidovsk\u00fdmi \u017eivotn\u00edmi zku\u0161enostmi v dne\u0161n\u00ed V\u00eddni. Toto nen\u00ed kniha v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b o antisemitismu, p\u0159esto\u017ee bohu\u017eel existuje – tak\u00e9 ve st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e – a proto si ji jednodu\u0161e nem\u016f\u017eete p\u0159edstavit, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Weissov\u00e1. Ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chce vypr\u00e1v\u011bt o mnoha mali\u010dkostech, s nimi\u017e se \u017did\u00e9 v Rakousku setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b. Aby nejen vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila sv\u00e9 osobn\u00ed nepohodl\u00ed v \u201enenorm\u00e1ln\u00edm\u201c \u017eidovsk\u00e9m ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1zala rozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1ladu t\u00e9to komunity.<\/p>\n

Autorka registruje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed kontroly v \u017eidovsk\u00fdch instituc\u00edch jsou dobr\u00e9 a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, ale nelze je vn\u00edmat jako zn\u00e1mku \u201enormality\u201c. Matka teenagera popisuje sv\u00e9 osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u011bkdy trapn\u00fdch, ale tak\u00e9 vtipn\u00fdch anekdot\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed jej\u00ed teze, \u017ee k tomuto ambivalentn\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu a chov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1le p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 spousta nev\u011bdomosti a \u201enev\u011b\u0159\u00edm si\u201c. Proto opakovan\u011b prol\u00edn\u00e1 historick\u00e9 znalosti se stigmatizac\u00ed. Je pozitivn\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrazy jako\u203a K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e1 noc se ji\u017e nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bez vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e spr\u00e1vn\u011b listopadov\u00fd pogrom. Tvrdohlav\u00e9 a vytrval\u00e9 jsou v\u0161ak hovorov\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy \u00bbp\u016fl a \u010dtvrt \u017did\u00e9\u00ab, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed a z toho vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed stigma. Weissov\u00e1 to pova\u017euje za stejn\u011b znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed jako atribut, kter\u00fd vylu\u010duje \u017eidovsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany rakousk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti. Dob\u0159e m\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9, ale p\u0159esto nereflektivn\u00ed a necitliv\u00e9, kdy\u017e o nich politi\u010dt\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 hovo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech jako o \u017eidovsk\u00fdch lidech a oslovuj\u00ed je spoluob\u010dan\u00e9. Bu\u010f jsou ob\u010dany tohoto st\u00e1tu, nebo nejsou, ale status spoluob\u010dana neexistuje, konstatuje Weissov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Richard Seemann<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po\u010det hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch antisemitsk\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, hrozeb a \u00fatok\u016f v Rakousku dos\u00e1hl vrcholu v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce. Registra\u010dn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1231,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[217,120,92],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1230\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}