{"id":121147,"date":"2026-11-14T00:26:38","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T23:26:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=121147"},"modified":"2026-11-13T12:42:38","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T11:42:38","slug":"alexandre-lemoine-summit-apec-v-sen-cenu-smerem-k-nove-jalte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/11\/14\/alexandre-lemoine-summit-apec-v-sen-cenu-smerem-k-nove-jalte\/","title":{"rendered":"Alexandre Lemoine: Summit APEC v \u0160en-\u010denu: sm\u011brem k nov\u00e9 Jalt\u011b?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Summit APEC se bude konat v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m \u0160en-\u010denu ve dnech 18. a 19. listopadu. Mohl by slou\u017eit jako m\u00edsto pro setk\u00e1n\u00ed Si \u0164in-pchinga, Donalda Trumpa a Vladimira Putina. Vypr\u0161en\u00ed platnosti smlouvy New START si vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 nov\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edstrann\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 jadern\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed by mohli diskutovat o kontrole zbrojen\u00ed a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. \u201eNov\u00e1 Jalta\u201c se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b neuskute\u010dn\u00ed v ji\u017en\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b, ale sch\u016fzka v \u0160en-\u010denu by mohla uk\u00e1zat, zda jsou sv\u011btov\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i schopni naj\u00edt spole\u010dnou \u0159e\u010d d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e nov\u00e9 krize d\u00e1le zkomplikuj\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V \u00fanoru 1945, kdy\u017e se druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka ch\u00fdlila ke konci, se Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin a Winston Churchill setkali v Jalt\u011b. Star\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d se hroutil a v\u016fdci v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed se se\u0161li, aby definovali architekturu pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, rozd\u011blili si sf\u00e9ry vlivu a stanovili nov\u00e1 pravidla pro vztahy mezi velmocemi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Po v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 letech se pozornost sv\u011bta op\u011bt obrac\u00ed k \u010c\u00edn\u011b, tentokr\u00e1t k m\u011bstu \u0160en-\u010den, kde se Peking p\u0159ipravuje na po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed summitu Asijsko-pacifick\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce (APEC). Toto setk\u00e1n\u00ed by se mohlo st\u00e1t jednou z hlavn\u00edch politick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed roku 2026, proto\u017ee se na n\u011bm pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b sejdou v\u016fdci t\u0159\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch mocnost\u00ed: Si \u0164in-pching, Donald Trump a Vladimir Putin.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Jaltou je nevyhnuteln\u00e9, i kdy\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 ho prov\u00e1d\u011bt. V roce 1945 se sv\u011bt zotavoval z velk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a hranice Evropy a Asie byly ur\u010deny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rovnov\u00e1hou vojensk\u00fdch sil. Dnes je situace jin\u00e1: d\u016fv\u011bra v zaveden\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d se sl\u00e1bne a ozbrojen\u00e9 konflikty jsou st\u00e1le v\u00edce propojeny s obchodn\u00ed, technologickou a finan\u010dn\u00ed rivalitou.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto maj\u00ed tyto dva historick\u00e9 okam\u017eiky jedno spole\u010dn\u00e9: velmoci ch\u00e1pou, \u017ee rivalita bez jasn\u00fdch pravidel m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k d\u016fsledk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 nikdo nebude schopen ovlivnit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u00fdznam summitu v \u0160en-\u010denu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jeho potenci\u00e1lu p\u0159ekro\u010dit r\u00e1mec region\u00e1ln\u00edho ekonomick\u00e9ho f\u00f3ra a st\u00e1t se platformou pro politick\u00fd dialog mezi t\u0159emi nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi l\u00eddry dne\u0161n\u00edho sv\u011bta. Pokud se setk\u00e1n\u00ed Si \u0164in-pchinga, Donalda Trumpa a Vladimira Putina skute\u010dn\u011b uskute\u010dn\u00ed, bude \u0161k\u00e1la projedn\u00e1van\u00fdch t\u00e9mat mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e obvykl\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 agenda APEC. To plat\u00ed i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se od t\u011bchto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 nutn\u011b dosa\u017een\u00ed historick\u00fdch dohod nebo nov\u00e9ho rozd\u011blen\u00ed sf\u00e9r vlivu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00f3rum Asijsko-pacifick\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce (APEC) bylo zalo\u017eeno v roce 1989 z iniciativy Austr\u00e1lie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam APEC je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jeho ekonomick\u00fdm a demografick\u00fdm rozsahem. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f f\u00f3ra z roku 2024 jeho \u010dlenov\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 37 % sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3 miliardy lid\u00ed, 61 % sv\u011btov\u00e9ho HDP a 46 % sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu se zbo\u017e\u00edm a slu\u017ebami. APEC tak sdru\u017euje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomiky, v\u010detn\u011b \u010c\u00edny a Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, a tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 mocnosti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Setk\u00e1n\u00ed v \u0160en-\u010denu bude 33. summitem l\u00eddr\u016f APEC a t\u0159et\u00edm, kter\u00fd se bude konat v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Summit se bude konat 18. a 19. listopadu 2026. P\u0159edch\u00e1zet mu bude summit gener\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159editel\u016f, kter\u00fd je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1n na 17. a 18. listopadu. Celkem se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 000 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b hlav st\u00e1t\u016f a vl\u00e1d, ekonomick\u00fdch expert\u016f a z\u00e1stupc\u016f podnik\u016f. B\u011bhem ro\u010dn\u00edho \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed v APEC se nav\u00edc po cel\u00e9 zemi uskute\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 setk\u00e1n\u00ed a akc\u00ed APEC.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Volba \u0160en-\u010denu m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam, kter\u00fd p\u0159esahuje organiza\u010dn\u00ed aspekt. Na konci 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed se jednalo o mal\u00e9 pohrani\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed prom\u011bnilo v jedno z hlavn\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch, technologick\u00fdch a finan\u010dn\u00edch center \u010c\u00edny.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 1980 z\u00edskalo m\u011bsto status zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny v r\u00e1mci politiky reforem a otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed se sv\u011btu Teng Siao-pchinga a od t\u00e9 doby se stalo obrovskou \u201elaborato\u0159\u00ed\u201c pro \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 transformace. Dnes je \u0160en-\u010den domovem v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch skupin, jako jsou Huawei, Tencent, DJI a BYD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b z tohoto d\u016fvodu si \u010c\u00edna p\u0159eje hostit sv\u011btov\u00e9 l\u00eddry ve m\u011bst\u011b, kter\u00e9 brilantn\u011b ilustruje \u00fasp\u011bchy zem\u011b za posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed. \u0160en-\u010den nen\u00ed jen modern\u00ed metropol\u00ed, ale symbolem p\u0159echodu \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 ekonomiky od n\u00edzkon\u00e1kladov\u00e9 masov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby k \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm technologi\u00edm, inovac\u00edm a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si \u0164in-pching, Trump a Putin: t\u0159i l\u00edd\u0159i a mo\u017enost setk\u00e1n\u00ed na okraji APEC<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eitost summitu je podtr\u017eena mo\u017enost\u00ed dvoustrann\u00fdch a t\u0159\u00edstrann\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu o vztaz\u00edch s \u010c\u00ednou nazna\u010dilo, \u017ee se Si \u0164in-pching a Donald Trump dohodli na \u00fa\u010dasti na akc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed. To ukazuje, \u017ee i p\u0159es sv\u00e9 neshody se Washington a Peking sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017eovat dialog.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd prezident odcestuje do \u0160en-\u010denu, aby se z\u00fa\u010dastnil summitu APEC, ozn\u00e1mil rusk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Sergej Lavrov. Poradce rusk\u00e9ho prezidenta pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku Jurij U\u0161akov na okraj summitu v \u0160en-\u010denu zm\u00ednil mo\u017enost t\u0159\u00edstrann\u00e9 sch\u016fzky mezi Putinem, Si \u0164in-pchingem a Trumpem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud k takov\u00e9 sch\u016fzce dojde, jej\u00ed d\u016fsledky by mohly b\u00fdt dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9. \u010c\u00edna, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a Rusko jsou t\u0159i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jadern\u00e9 mocnosti. Spole\u010dn\u011b maj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku, energetickou bezpe\u010dnost, rovnov\u00e1hu vojensk\u00fdch sil a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed instituce. Jejich z\u00e1jmy se nav\u00edc p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v \u0159ad\u011b velmi citliv\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, od konfliktu na Ukrajin\u011b a situace kolem Tchaj-wanu a\u017e po Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, severokorejsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m a budoucnost dohod o kontrole jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Summit nab\u00eddne Moskv\u011b p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee Rusko si navzdory z\u00e1padn\u00edm sankc\u00edm udr\u017euje sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto ve sv\u011btov\u00e9 politice a nad\u00e1le se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch a diplomatick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Putin bude tak\u00e9 moci p\u0159\u00edmo s Trumpem a Si \u0164in-pchingem diskutovat o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch glob\u00e1ln\u00ed agendy, v\u010detn\u011b situace na Ukrajin\u011b, jadern\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a obchodu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Politick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody z takov\u00e9ho setk\u00e1n\u00ed by v\u0161ak nem\u011bl jen Putin. Trump douf\u00e1 tak\u00e9 v dosa\u017een\u00ed diplomatick\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f a pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed na sv\u011btov\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b. U\u017e n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t ve\u0159ejn\u011b prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee si Nobelovu cenu m\u00edru zaslou\u017e\u00ed, a zd\u016fraznil p\u0159itom svou roli v \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konflikt\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eNov\u00e1 Jalta\u201c na obzoru v \u0160en-\u010denu?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V roce 1945 byl pr\u016fb\u011bh Jaltsk\u00e9 konference do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry ur\u010den skute\u010dn\u00fdm rozlo\u017een\u00edm vojensk\u00fdch sil. Vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed diskutovali o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, budoucnosti N\u011bmecka, v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy a D\u00e1ln\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Dohodli se tak\u00e9 na podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vstupu SSSR do v\u00e1lky proti Japonsku a na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f a Rady bezpe\u010dnosti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Situace v \u0160en-\u010denu je radik\u00e1ln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e1. Dnes neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, v n\u00ed\u017e by jedna strana dos\u00e1hla rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edho v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed, zat\u00edmco druh\u00e1 utrp\u011bla por\u00e1\u017eku. Ani neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mocnost s dostate\u010dnou silou, aby diktovala sv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky zbytku sv\u011bta.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto je srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Jaltou dnes zcela relevantn\u00ed: sv\u011bt pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlubokou krizi politick\u00e9ho a ekonomick\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Konflikt na Ukrajin\u011b pokra\u010duje, Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ohniskem nestability a rivalita mezi Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a \u010c\u00ednou ji\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ekro\u010dila r\u00e1mec obchodu a zahrnuje technologick\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se velk\u00e9 mocnosti st\u00e1le aktivn\u011bji sna\u017e\u00ed pos\u00edlit sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed sf\u00e9ry vlivu a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b spojenectv\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V takov\u00e9 situaci jsou osobn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed mezi l\u00eddry d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 nejen pro jejich z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e pro samotnou mo\u017enost nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed dialogu. C\u00edlem nen\u00ed nutn\u011b dos\u00e1hnout komplexn\u00ed dohody, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e pokusit se dohodnout na pravidlech, kter\u00e1 by zabr\u00e1nila eskalaci rivality v otev\u0159en\u00fd konflikt. Ochota \u0159e\u0161it rozd\u00edly a zapojit se do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch, jako je Ukrajina a kontrola zbrojen\u00ed, by mohla p\u0159edstavovat prvn\u00ed krok k nov\u00e9mu politick\u00e9mu sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sv\u011bt se od Jaltsk\u00e9 dohody zm\u011bnil: dnes u\u017e moc nen\u00ed definov\u00e1na pouze dr\u017een\u00edm zbran\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 schopnost\u00ed ovl\u00e1dat technologie, dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce, energii, toky dat a finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy. S takov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji je mo\u017en\u00e9 ovliv\u0148ovat volby ostatn\u00edch stran, a to i bez pou\u017eit\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 s\u00edly.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160en-\u010den by se mohl st\u00e1t m\u00edstem, kde se formuje nov\u00fd form\u00e1t vztah\u016f mezi velmocemi, ale v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to nebude \u201eJalta 2.0\u201c. Pokud se Si \u0164in-pching, Trump a Putin setkaj\u00ed, budou \u010delit mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu \u00fakolu: p\u0159ej\u00edt od vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch deklarac\u00ed a demonstrac\u00ed s\u00edly k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pravidel, kter\u00e1 by zabr\u00e1nila nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 eskalaci rivality v jadern\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed sf\u00e9\u0159e.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by se v ji\u017en\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b uskute\u010dnila \u201enov\u00e1 Jalta\u201c, ale sch\u016fzka v \u0160en-\u010denu by mohla uk\u00e1zat, zda jsou sv\u011btov\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i schopni naj\u00edt spole\u010dnou \u0159e\u010d d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e nov\u00e9 krize d\u00e1le zkomplikuj\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Summit APEC se bude konat v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m \u0160en-\u010denu ve dnech 18. a 19. listopadu. Mohl…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":121148,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1449,8577,623],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121147"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121147"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121147\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/121148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}