{"id":119934,"date":"2026-11-02T00:12:33","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T23:12:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=119934"},"modified":"2026-11-01T14:20:32","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T13:20:32","slug":"cerny-blok-kdo-jsou-maskovani-jedinci-kteri-narusuji-evropske-protesty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/11\/02\/cerny-blok-kdo-jsou-maskovani-jedinci-kteri-narusuji-evropske-protesty\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cern\u00fd blok: Kdo jsou maskovan\u00ed jedinci, kte\u0159\u00ed naru\u0161uj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 protesty?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Pokojn\u00e9 demonstrace ve Francii, Belgii, \u0160pan\u011blsku a It\u00e1lii pravideln\u011b p\u0159er\u016fstaj\u00ed v n\u00e1sil\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e roli hlavn\u00edch probl\u00e9mov\u00fdch osob hraj\u00ed v\u017edy tyt\u00e9\u017e postavy: mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed v \u010dern\u00e9m s maskami na obli\u010deji. Ale kdo p\u0159esn\u011b jsou \u010dern\u00e9 postavy (bloky), odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed a pro\u010d p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro hnut\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edho protestu?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Minul\u00fd v\u00edkend vypukly ve Francii n\u00e1siln\u00e9 nepokoje. Ale i v Belgii, \u0160pan\u011blsku a It\u00e1lii se demonstrace v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech zm\u011bnily v n\u00e1siln\u00e9. Byly postaveny barik\u00e1dy, rozbity v\u00fdlohy obchod\u016f a policist\u00e9 byli ter\u010dem st\u0159el. Na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech sehr\u00e1li v t\u011bchto ud\u00e1lostech v\u00fdznamnou roli protestuj\u00edc\u00ed oble\u010den\u00ed v \u010dern\u00e9m a s maskami.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jde o nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 bloky. N\u011bkter\u00e9 skupiny se \u00famysln\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed o konfrontaci s polici\u00ed a p\u00e1chaj\u00ed vandalismus. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto obrazy obecn\u011b monopolizuj\u00ed ve\u0161kerou medi\u00e1ln\u00ed pozornost, zat\u00edmco p\u016fvodn\u00ed po\u017eadavky protestuj\u00edc\u00edch jsou tak odsunuty do pozad\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Kdo jsou tito aktivist\u00e9, odkud poch\u00e1z\u00ed jejich taktika a \u010deho doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee dos\u00e1hnou? Orchestru bez dirigenta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">\u010cern\u00fd blok nen\u00ed ani hnut\u00ed, ani organizace, ale taktika: identick\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed a zakryt\u00e9 tv\u00e1\u0159e, aby nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 nikoho identifikovat. I kdy\u017e existuje <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/theanarchistlibrary.org\/library\/jeff-shantz-black-blocs-and-contemporary-propaganda-of-the-deed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 organizace<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> , neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hierarchick\u00e9 veden\u00ed ani skupinov\u00e1 struktura.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Koordinace prob\u00edh\u00e1 horizont\u00e1ln\u011b, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed a \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed expert <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/f97755f2-8b07-47bf-9c14-7963a701c9c3?syn-25a6b1a6=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> jej\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed k \u201eorchestru, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1 hudbu tak dob\u0159e, \u017ee nepot\u0159ebuje dirigenta\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/information.tv5monde.com\/france\/violences-en-france-le-renseignement-estime-que-lultragauche-et-lextreme-gauche-radicale-etaient-en-pointe-samedi-2842425\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ve Francii se po\u010det militant\u016f \u010cern\u00e9ho bloku<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> pova\u017eovan\u00fdch za ohro\u017een\u00e9 odhaduje na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 000. Jejich ideologick\u00e9 j\u00e1dro se st\u00e1le v\u00edce prol\u00edn\u00e1 s nespokojenou ml\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed ze znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed. To p\u0159edstavuje velkou v\u00fdzvu pro policii a protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato taktika <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_bloc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">se objevila<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> v 70. a 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed v r\u00e1mci autonomn\u00edch hnut\u00ed v It\u00e1lii a z\u00e1padn\u00edm N\u011bmecku. Aktivist\u00e9 obsazovali opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 budovy, aby vytvo\u0159ili \u201esoci\u00e1ln\u00ed centra\u201c, m\u00edsta, kde \u017eili a organizovali se mimo ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed instituce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Kdy\u017e st\u00e1t za\u010dal n\u00e1siln\u011b vyklizovat tyto okupovan\u00e9 prostory, zformovaly se ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny oble\u010den\u00e9 v \u010dern\u00e9m, aby je br\u00e1nily. \u010cern\u00fd blok proto zpo\u010d\u00e1tku nebyl c\u00edlem s\u00e1m o sob\u011b, ale <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.contretemps.eu\/sur-black-bloc%20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">obrannou taktikou<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> proti vyst\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1sil\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ve Francii se tato taktika ujala b\u011bhem protest\u016f proti pracovn\u00edmu z\u00e1kon\u00edku v roce 2016. Autonomn\u00ed aktivisty spojuje <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lutte-ouvriere.org\/mensuel\/article\/2018-06-24-autonomes-et-black-blocs-une-fausse-radicalite-et-une-impasse_108808.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">hlubok\u00fd odpor<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> k organizovan\u00e9mu odporu. Odm\u00edtaj\u00ed politick\u00e9 strany, odbory a dal\u0161\u00ed organizovan\u00e1 masov\u00e1 hnut\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed spont\u00e1nn\u00ed individualismus, sabot\u00e1\u017e a \u201ezp\u016fsob \u017eivota\u201c zalo\u017een\u00fd na odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed m\u00e1 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.volkskrant.nl\/buitenland\/bij-protesten-duiken-steeds-vaker-gewelddadige-in-het-zwart-gestoken-relschoppers-op-wat-willen-zij~bf88d267\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">jasn\u00fd ideologick\u00fd rozm\u011br<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> : je c\u00edlem symbol\u016f kapitalismu a zaveden\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed b\u00fdt podle aktivist\u016f co nejrychleji zru\u0161en. N\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chan\u00e9 na jednotlivc\u00edch z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v t\u011bchto krajn\u011b levicov\u00fdch \u0159ad\u00e1ch tabu \u2013 s v\u00fdjimkou p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f sebeobrany nebo ochrany jin\u00fdch demonstrant\u016f p\u0159ed polici\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Sv\u00e9 \u010diny vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako zp\u016fsob, jak radikalizovat \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed skupinu protestuj\u00edc\u00edch. Dal\u0161\u00edm strategick\u00fdm c\u00edlem je odhalit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konfrontac\u00ed \u201eskute\u010dnou n\u00e1silnou tv\u00e1\u0159\u201c st\u00e1tu a t\u00edm podkopat jeho legitimitu. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee jejich \u010diny \u010dasto vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b opa\u010dn\u00fd efekt a nav\u00edc zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zna\u010dnou \u0161kodu protestuj\u00edc\u00edm jako celku, je z\u0159ejm\u011b netr\u00e1p\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pocit \u201e\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 budoucnosti\u201c. Abychom pochopili nepokoje, mus\u00edme zkoumat podm\u00ednky, za kter\u00fdch se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed. Desetilet\u00ed neoliber\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky naru\u0161ila soci\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t, co\u017e vedlo k obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu nedostatku investic do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, nedostupn\u00e9mu bydlen\u00ed a pro nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed osoby k omezen\u00fdm vyhl\u00eddk\u00e1m na trhu pr\u00e1ce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podle jednoho z bruselsk\u00fdch protestuj\u00edc\u00edch <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tijd.be\/politiek-economie\/europa\/algemeen\/achter-gewelddadige-protesten-in-europa-schuilt-mengelmoes-van-relschoppers\/10696344.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eje spole\u010densk\u00e1 smlouva poru\u0161ena<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> \u201c. Generace \u201ebaby boomers\u201c si u\u017e\u00edvala dobr\u00e9ho \u017eivota, ale nov\u00e1 generace mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed m\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee bude \u017e\u00edt h\u016f\u0159 ne\u017e generace p\u0159edchoz\u00ed. \u201eKlima je \u0161patn\u00e9. Mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi se vrac\u00ed pocit \u201abez budoucnosti\u2018,\u201c uvedl protestuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podle Ch\u00e1lida Benhaddoua se s t\u00edmto pocitem pot\u00fdk\u00e1 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vrt.be\/vrtmax\/luister\/radio\/d\/de-ochtend~11-19\/de-ochtend~11-39334-0\/fragment~4d996700-040a-4019-b950-873f5ed9b286\/?ndl=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">mnoho mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> . U\u017e nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed ve slib, \u017ee v \u017eivot\u011b usp\u011bj\u00ed pouhou tvrdou prac\u00ed a studiem. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z t\u011bchto mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed jsou zcela odcizen\u00ed, nemaj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vazby na spole\u010dnost a c\u00edt\u00ed jen malou odpov\u011bdnost v\u016f\u010di sv\u00e9 komunit\u011b. Pro tuto skupinu to vede k \u201enihilistick\u00e9mu extremismu\u201c: n\u00e1sil\u00ed a \u017eh\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed ventilem pro hn\u011bv \u017eiven\u00fd nedostatkem vyhl\u00eddek do budoucna.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato generace se c\u00edt\u00ed nejen ignorov\u00e1na, ale tak\u00e9 opu\u0161t\u011bna politickou t\u0159\u00eddou. Jedinou reakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se jim od \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1, je tvrd\u00e1 represe. Mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 vid\u00ed st\u00e1t, kter\u00fd kombinuje st\u00e1tn\u00ed represi s neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edmi reformami a antisoci\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u00fasporn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi, ale s\u00e1m o sob\u011b jim nem\u00e1 co nab\u00eddnout.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nen\u00ed proto divu, \u017ee francouzsk\u00fd st\u00e1t v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch ztratil velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 legitimity, zejm\u00e9na mezi mlad\u0161\u00ed generac\u00ed. Prezident Macron se v sou\u010dasnosti m\u016f\u017ee spolehnout na <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ifopgroup.com\/article\/indices-de-popularite-barometre-ifop-opinion-octobre-2026\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">podporu pouze 17 % populace<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> . Z\u00e1kaz vych\u00e1zen\u00ed a z\u00e1kaz demonstrac\u00ed ve Francii jsou symptomy t\u00e9to hlub\u0161\u00ed krize legitimity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Dar z nebes. B\u011bhem demonstrace 17. \u0159\u00edjna ve Francii, kterou zorganizovali studenti a lid\u00e9 znepokojen\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edmi n\u00e1klady a kter\u00e9 se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 800 000 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, skupiny \u010dern\u00e9ho bloku vyhrotily situaci. Postavily barik\u00e1dy a za\u00fato\u010dily na symboly kapitalismu, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad pobo\u010dku banky Qonto a McDonald&#8217;s.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dna.fr\/faits-divers-justice\/2026\/10\/19\/black-blocs-des-gens-venus-de-suisse-et-d-allemagne-et-des-opportunistes-issus-des-quartiers-qui-sont-les-casseurs-du-17-octobre\"><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Toho dne bylo vyplen\u011bno a vyplen\u011bno v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i tis\u00edce obchod\u016f. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fatok se odehr\u00e1l proti historick\u00e9 radnici v Limoges. Podle starosty se nejednalo o spont\u00e1nn\u00ed akci, ale o <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/politique\/article\/2026\/10\/18\/guillaume-guerin-maire-de-limoges-apres-l-incendie-qui-a-detruit-l-hotel-de-ville-l-ultragauche-a-organise-la-logistique-ils-avaient-prepare-leur-coup-savaient-par-ou-entrer_6797075_823448.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">dob\u0159e organizovanou operaci<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> : skupina m\u011bla oh\u0148ostroje, minomety, 200kilogramov\u00e9 beranidlo a r\u016fzn\u00e9 vlajky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Toho dne byla <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/62b83fcf-efad-418d-ba6a-569344fa7ecb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">pozoruhodn\u00e1 pasivita<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> po\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e9 policie, kter\u00e1 v mnoha oblastech zd\u00e1nliv\u011b d\u00e1vala volnou ruku \u010dern\u00fdm blok\u016fm. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byli sami studenti vystaveni <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/humanidadenred.org\/en-francia-la-juventud-pide-profesores-granadas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">velmi tvrd\u00fdm repres\u00edm<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> . Mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 po\u017eaduj\u00ed u\u010ditele, ale m\u00edsto toho se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed se slzn\u00fdm plynem. B\u011bhem necel\u00fdch dvou t\u00fddn\u016f <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bfmtv.com\/societe\/manifestations\/colere-lyceenne-8-000-personnes-placees-en-garde-a-vue-depuis-le-debut-de-la-mobilisation-26-en-detention-provisoire_AN-202610140638.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">bylo zat\u010deno 8 000 lid\u00ed<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> , z toho 89 % d\u011bt\u00ed. Za cel\u00fd rok protest\u016f \u017dlut\u00fdch vest se toto \u010d\u00edslo celkem vy\u0161plhalo na 10 000.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Policie hraje tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamnou roli v eskalaci n\u00e1sil\u00ed. B\u011bhem p\u0159edchoz\u00edch hnut\u00ed, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad protest\u016f \u017dlut\u00fdch vest od roku 2018, mnoho d\u0159\u00edve apolitick\u00fdch jedinc\u016f p\u0159ijalo radik\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed taktiku kv\u016fli nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/f97755f2-8b07-47bf-9c14-7963a701c9c3?syn-25a6b1a6=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">pou\u017eit\u00ed s\u00edly ze<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> strany policie .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tot\u00e9\u017e se stalo b\u011bhem ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch studentsk\u00fdch protest\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Takto se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nos.nl\/artikel\/2583188-oud-aivd-er-antifa-wel-extremistisch-maar-niet-terroristisch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh n\u00e1sil\u00ed .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee toto n\u00e1sil\u00ed je ospravedlniteln\u00e9. Ni\u010den\u00ed autobusov\u00fdch zast\u00e1vek nebo v\u00fdloh obchod\u016f nem\u00e1 na syst\u00e9m \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd pozitivn\u00ed vliv. Naopak vede k je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed represi. Pro zast\u00e1nce represivn\u00edho st\u00e1tu a pro (krajn\u00ed) pravici je toto n\u00e1sil\u00ed v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u201edarem z nebes\u201c. Posiluje jejich argument pro tvrd\u0161\u00ed policejn\u00ed z\u00e1sahy a zintenzivn\u011bn\u00ed repres\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nepokoje ve Francii ji\u017e vedly k zaveden\u00ed z\u00e1kazu vych\u00e1zen\u00ed a z\u00e1kazu shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed. V Belgii poskytly podobn\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny n\u00e1sil\u00ed ministrovi obrany ve\u0161kerou munici, kterou pot\u0159ebuje k argumentaci pro militarizaci policie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Toto nevyb\u00edrav\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed nav\u00edc podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed a celou levici. S\u00edla studentsk\u00e9ho a d\u011blnick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed v\u017edy spo\u010d\u00edvala v jeho m\u00edrov\u00e9 povaze a \u0161irok\u00e9 popularit\u011b. Bylo to hnut\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e se i rodiny s d\u011btmi c\u00edtily bezpe\u010dn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Taktika \u010dern\u00fdch blok\u016f tento obraz ni\u010d\u00ed. Umo\u017e\u0148uje hrstce n\u00e1siln\u00edk\u016f zdiskreditovat tis\u00edce pokojn\u00fdch protestuj\u00edc\u00edch a podkop\u00e1vat mor\u00e1ln\u00ed autoritu hnut\u00ed. Odcizuje pracuj\u00edc\u00ed, m\u00edsto aby je inspirovala.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">H\u00e1zen\u00ed kamen\u016f nebo rozb\u00edjen\u00ed oken nen\u00ed radikalismus, ale nihilismus, zrozen\u00fd z demoralizace a nedostatku v\u00edry ve schopnost mas zm\u011bnit sv\u016fj osud. Prav\u00fd radikalismus nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee syst\u00e9mu zp\u016fsobujeme \u201e\u0161t\u00edpnut\u00ed kom\u00e1ry\u201c rozb\u00edjen\u00edm oken. Hlubok\u00e1 spole\u010densk\u00e1 zm\u011bna vy\u017eaduje politick\u00e9 uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed, solidn\u00ed organizaci a trval\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, \u201ene v\u0161echno vypalovat v nad\u011bji, \u017ee ostatn\u00ed budou n\u00e1sledovat\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jak n\u00e1s historie u\u010d\u00ed, eskalace sm\u011brem k militantn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu odporu <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.truthdig.com\/articles\/the-cancer-in-occupy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkdy ospravedlniteln\u00e1<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> . Tento odpor se v\u0161ak mus\u00ed t\u011b\u0161it \u0161irok\u00e9 podpo\u0159e a pramenit z promy\u0161len\u00e9 strategie a postupn\u00e9ho procesu zr\u00e1n\u00ed, nikoli z libovoln\u00e9ho n\u00e1sil\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Co d\u011blat? Ve Francii se vytvo\u0159ila bezprecedentn\u00ed, by\u0165 zbab\u011bl\u00e1 aliance mezi anarchistick\u00fdmi militanty a oportunistick\u00fdmi rabova\u010di z p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed. \u010cern\u00fd blok z\u0159ejm\u011b s\u00e1m rabov\u00e1n\u00ed obchod\u016f neinicioval, ale jeho n\u00e1sil\u00ed vytvo\u0159ilo chaos, v n\u011bm\u017e k takov\u00e9mu rabov\u00e1n\u00ed mohlo doch\u00e1zet. Podobn\u00e9 jevy se objevuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bv Bruselu a dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">D\u00edky tomu je boj s t\u00edmto hnut\u00edm st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee jeho ideologick\u00e9 j\u00e1dro je nyn\u00ed posilov\u00e1no protestuj\u00edc\u00edmi, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou m\u00e9n\u011b ideologicky motivov\u00e1ni. Podle francouzsk\u00e9ho experta Thierryho Vincenta ji\u017e \u010dern\u00fd blok nen\u00ed izolovanou skupinou \u201edareb\u00e1ck\u00fdch vandal\u016f\u201c, ale <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.assemblee-nationale.fr\/dyn\/opendata\/CRCANR5L16S2023PO823753N013.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">p\u0159edstavuje<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejradik\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed projev \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hn\u011bvu \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00edho se ve Francii a jinde v Evrop\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tento hn\u011bv a tento \u201enihilistick\u00fd extremismus\u201c mohou b\u00fdt pochopiteln\u00e9, ale protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt jimi vykolejeno. D\u016fvody pro vyjit\u00ed do ulic jsou legitimn\u00ed a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt zastra\u0161eno: ani tvrd\u00fdmi represemi policejn\u00edho apar\u00e1tu, ani nihilistick\u00fdm n\u00e1sil\u00edm \u201ev\u00fdtr\u017en\u00edk\u016f\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jednou z mo\u017en\u00fdch cest vp\u0159ed by bylo, aby se protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed otev\u0159en\u011b distancovalo od n\u00e1sil\u00ed a pos\u00edlilo sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly, aby zachovalo pokojn\u00fd charakter demonstrace. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by kritick\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed policejn\u00edch akc\u00ed \u2013 jak nadm\u011brn\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f, tak ne\u010dinnosti \u2013 mohlo pomoci osv\u011btlit tyto ud\u00e1losti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady skoncovat s bezohledn\u00fdm n\u00e1sil\u00edm p\u00e1chan\u00fdm na probl\u00e9mov\u00fdch lidech, budou muset j\u00edt nad r\u00e1mec repres\u00ed, proto\u017ee represe \u0159e\u0161\u00ed pouze symptomy. Je nutn\u00e9 obnovit spole\u010denskou smlouvu a d\u016fv\u011bru v politickou t\u0159\u00eddu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ale se sou\u010dasnou politikou \u00fasporn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b stane prav\u00fd opak: soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnost a frustrace nad\u00e1le rostou, zat\u00edmco d\u016fv\u011bra v politiku se d\u00e1le rozpad\u00e1. Dokud se tyto z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nebudou \u0159e\u0161it, m\u016f\u017ee kdykoli vypuknout n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je to ale pr\u00e1v\u011b to, co vyhovuje pravici.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mondialisation.ca\/black-bloc-qui-sont-les-individus-masques-qui-perturbent-les-manifestations-europeennes\/5711370?doing_wp_cron=1793272249.9453680515289306640625\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">Marc Vandepitte<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokojn\u00e9 demonstrace ve Francii, Belgii, \u0160pan\u011blsku a It\u00e1lii pravideln\u011b p\u0159er\u016fstaj\u00ed v n\u00e1sil\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e roli hlavn\u00edch&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":119935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,6525,95],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119934"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119934"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119934\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}