{"id":119849,"date":"2026-10-31T04:10:59","date_gmt":"2026-10-31T03:10:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=119849"},"modified":"2026-10-31T04:10:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-31T03:10:59","slug":"uriel-araujo-italske-arkticke-ambice-by-se-mohly-obratit-proti-soupereni-mezi-usa-a-ruskem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/10\/31\/uriel-araujo-italske-arkticke-ambice-by-se-mohly-obratit-proti-soupereni-mezi-usa-a-ruskem\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Italsk\u00e9 arktick\u00e9 ambice by se mohly obr\u00e1tit proti soupe\u0159en\u00ed mezi USA a Ruskem"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd tlak na Arktidu slibuje nov\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ale riskuje zhor\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed s Moskvou a z\u00e1rove\u0148 odhaluje rozpory uvnit\u0159 NATO. Washingtonsk\u00e9 ambice ohledn\u011b Gr\u00f3nska d\u00e1le komplikuj\u00ed italskou strategii na severu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

It\u00e1lie zintenziv\u0148uje sv\u00e9 arktick\u00e9 ambice s rostouc\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed na D\u00e1ln\u00e9m severu. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 konference s ministrem obrany Guidem Crosettem, ministrem zahrani\u010d\u00ed Antoniem Tajanim a n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkem gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu obrany gener\u00e1lem Lucianem Portolanem <\/span>ozna\u010dila<\/span><\/a> pol\u00e1rn\u00ed oblasti za strategick\u00e9 priority. Obchodn\u00ed trasy, kritick\u00e9 zdroje a vojensk\u00e1 aktivita st\u00e1le v\u00edce ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aktualizovan\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed strategie<\/a> It\u00e1lie , zah\u00e1jen\u00e1 za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2026, navazuje na jej\u00ed roli pozorovatele v Arktick\u00e9 rad\u011b od roku 2013. Dokument up\u0159ednost\u0148uje ochranu klimatu, v\u00fdzkum, udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj a dialog a z\u00e1rove\u0148 klade v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na bezpe\u010dnost<\/a> . \u00da\u0159edn\u00edci nyn\u00ed zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu monitorovat region a roli ozbrojen\u00fdch sil<\/a> p\u0159i ochran\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rostouc\u00ed arktick\u00e9 ambice It\u00e1lie by mohly nakonec v\u00e9st k neshod\u00e1m s USA ohledn\u011b <\/span>Gr\u00f3nska<\/span><\/a> , evropsk\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 autonomie a kritick\u00fdch nerostn\u00fdch surovin. Italsk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed v\u0161ak sp\u00ed\u0161e zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed t\u0159en\u00ed s Ruskem ne\u017e konflikt \u0158\u00edma s Washingtonem. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 mezi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi z\u00e1vazky It\u00e1lie a jej\u00edmi ekonomick\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy.<\/span><\/p>\n

It\u00e1lie, jako\u017eto \u010dlen NATO a pozorovatel Arktick\u00e9 rady bez arktick\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, se spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na v\u011bdu, diplomacii, obchodn\u00ed partnerstv\u00ed a spojeneck\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed. V t\u00e9to souvislosti m\u00e1 z italsk\u00e9ho pohledu \u0158\u00edm pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u00edce co z\u00edskat ze spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1padn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed struktury ne\u017e z jej\u00edho zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 a\u010dkoli se Arktida st\u00e1v\u00e1 i d\u011bji\u0161t\u011bm konkurence uvnit\u0159 samotn\u00e9 aliance.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomeneme, \u017ee po m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eek Washington ned\u00e1vno dos\u00e1hl <\/span>dohody<\/span><\/a> s D\u00e1nskem, kter\u00e1 USA poskytuje rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd vojensk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pravomoci v Gr\u00f3nsku \u2013 co\u017e se rovn\u00e1 de facto dominanci USA nad obranou ostrova, a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee si D\u00e1nsko \u201ede iure\u201c zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 suverenitu. Hmatateln\u00e1 hrozba pro evropskou suverenitu na severu jasn\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze Z\u00e1padu \u2013 nikoli z V\u00fdchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto \u0158\u00edm st\u00e1le v\u00edce <\/span>vn\u00edm\u00e1<\/span><\/a> Arktidu z pohledu soupe\u0159en\u00ed mezi NATO a Ruskem. Gener\u00e1l Portolano tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Rusko a \u010c\u00edna projevuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed iniciativu ne\u017e NATO a spojuj\u00ed tento region s vojensk\u00fdm odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moskva pova\u017euje Arktidu za kl\u00ed\u010dovou oblast sv\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, a to vzhledem k jej\u00ed Severn\u00ed flotile, jadern\u00fdm odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm prost\u0159edk\u016fm, vojensk\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm a energetick\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm. Hlub\u0161\u00ed zapojen\u00ed It\u00e1lie do aktivit NATO na severu by proto Moskva mohla vn\u00edmat jako dal\u0161\u00ed vojenskou expanzi pobl\u00ed\u017e rusk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. St\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed budou dohled, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed operace a ochrana podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 infrastruktury .<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Arktick\u00e1 lodn\u00ed doprava mezit\u00edm dod\u00e1v\u00e1 obrazu ekonomick\u00fd rozm\u011br. Severn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e1 trasa pod\u00e9l rusk\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u011b krat\u0161\u00ed spojen\u00ed mezi Evropou a Asi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak jsem ji\u017e <\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a> , v kontextu soupe\u0159en\u00ed velmoc\u00ed rusko-\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce na t\u00e9to trase ji\u017e zpochyb\u0148uje pozice Z\u00e1padu.<\/span><\/p>\n

It\u00e1lie by se v\u0161ak v hypotetick\u00e9m balancov\u00e1n\u00ed mohla pokusit o p\u0159\u00edstup ke koridoru vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edmu spolupr\u00e1ci s Ruskem \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 by st\u00e1le podporovala odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed Moskvy ze strany NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed neshody s Washingtonem by se t\u00fdkaly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1padn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f v regionu. A Gr\u00f3nsko je nejz\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ohniskem konfliktu. Politika<\/a> \u0158\u00edma z ledna 2026 ozna\u010dila pozici Washingtonu na ostrov\u011b za hlavn\u00ed faktor m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed arktickou geopolitiku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Italsk\u00e1 republika zd\u016fraz\u0148uje respekt k suverenit\u011b arktick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 a u\u017e\u0161\u00ed vazby s D\u00e1nskem a Gr\u00f3nskem. Tyto principy by jist\u011b mohly b\u00fdt v rozporu s obnoven\u00fdm americk\u00fdm \u00fasil\u00edm o dal\u0161\u00ed kontrolu nad ostrovem proti p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed D\u00e1nska nebo Gr\u00f3nska.<\/span><\/p>\n

Koneckonc\u016f, za prezidenta Donalda Trumpa Washington dostate\u010dn\u011b asertivn\u011b prosazuje sv\u00e9 gr\u00f3nsk\u00e9 ambice. Neshody by se mohly objevit i ohledn\u011b kritick\u00fdch nerostn\u00fdch surovin a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 role EU v Arktid\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bl\u00edzk\u00fd vztah premi\u00e9rky Giorgie Meloniov\u00e9 s Washingtonem \u010din\u00ed otev\u0159enou konfrontaci nepravd\u011bpodobnou. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je pravda, \u017ee americk\u00e9 kroky ohledn\u011b Gr\u00f3nska napjaly <\/span>transatlantick\u00e9<\/span><\/a> vztahy \u2013 m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obchodn\u00ed rozpor je zde stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Tajani pova\u017euje alternativn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed trasy za nutnost \u2013 po naru\u0161en\u00ed dopravy v okol\u00ed Hormuzu a Bab el-Mandebu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pod\u00e9l rusk\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed vede v\u00fdznamn\u00fd arktick\u00fd koridor. Pro It\u00e1lii, st\u0159edomo\u0159skou obchodn\u00ed ekonomiku, by Severomo\u0159sk\u00e1 trasa mohla zkr\u00e1tit p\u0159epravn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nab\u00eddnout italsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstav\u016fm omezen\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. Probl\u00e9m je v tom, \u017ee uprost\u0159ed dne\u0161n\u00ed nov\u00e9 studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky by se tato z\u00e1vislost na rusk\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e mohla pro \u010dleny NATO uk\u00e1zat jako politicky obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arktick\u00e1 lodn\u00ed doprava by nav\u00edc mohla oslabit tradi\u010dn\u00ed roli St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed jako\u017eto br\u00e1ny pro asijsk\u00fd obchod do Evropy. It\u00e1lie proto \u010del\u00ed mo\u017enosti, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj, z n\u011bho\u017e by mohla t\u011b\u017eit, by mohl podkopat jej\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed logistick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. A\u0165 je to jakkoli, americk\u00e9 arktick\u00e9 ambice jasn\u011b <\/span>ilustruj\u00ed<\/span><\/a> rostouc\u00ed konkurenci o region\u00e1ln\u00ed zdroje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prozat\u00edm se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 t\u0159en\u00ed mezi NATO a Ruskem ne\u017e v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 italsko-americk\u00e9 neshody.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed strategie \u0158\u00edma kombinuje bezpe\u010dnost, v\u00fdzkum a ekonomick\u00fd rozvoj se z\u00e1vazkem ke kolektivn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v euroatlantick\u00e9 oblasti. It\u00e1lie usiluje o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k arktick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci veden\u00e9m USA \u2013 se v\u0161emi jeho vnit\u0159n\u00edmi rozpory a nap\u011bt\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed mocnosti utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed Arktidu nicm\u00e9n\u011b nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u0158\u00edmu omezen\u00fd prostor pro nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 akce. V kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu italsk\u00e9 ambice pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pos\u00edl\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed priority Z\u00e1padu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se italsk\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy \u010dasem mohly st\u0159etnout s americkou politikou a evropsk\u00fdmi omezen\u00edmi v\u016f\u010di Rusku. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 arktick\u00e1 lodn\u00ed doprava by mohla dokonce oslabit italskou obchodn\u00ed pozici ve St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto rozpory jist\u011b vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b ekonomick\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu Evropy na severn\u00edch obchodn\u00edch tras\u00e1ch, ohledn\u011b jej\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f a gr\u00f3nsk\u00fdch ambic\u00ed Washingtonu.<\/span><\/p>\n

It\u00e1lie si dosud udr\u017euje svou z\u00e1padn\u00ed orientaci, ale vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto protich\u016fdn\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f by mohlo b\u00fdt st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd tlak na Arktidu slibuje nov\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ale riskuje zhor\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed s Moskvou a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":119850,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4212,116,191],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119849"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119849"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119849\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}