{"id":119738,"date":"2026-10-30T00:24:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T23:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=119738"},"modified":"2026-10-29T12:47:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T11:47:16","slug":"kolateralni-skody-na-mori-jak-valka-s-iranem-potapi-odvetvi-vyletnich-plaveb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/10\/30\/kolateralni-skody-na-mori-jak-valka-s-iranem-potapi-odvetvi-vyletnich-plaveb\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolater\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody na mo\u0159i: Jak v\u00e1lka s \u00cdr\u00e1nem pot\u00e1p\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed v\u00fdletn\u00edch plaveb"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Pokud chcete pochopit, kolik stoj\u00ed v\u00e1lka Washingtonu s \u00cdr\u00e1nem oby\u010dejn\u00e9 lidi, zapome\u0148te na zpr\u00e1vy think tank\u016f. Jd\u011bte do Sihanoukville v Kambod\u017ei, kde si ve st\u0159edu n\u011bkolik stovek p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b americk\u00fdch d\u016fchodc\u016f b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika hodin sbalilo \u017eivoty do kufr\u016f. Koupili si d\u016fm u mo\u0159e. Jak se uk\u00e1zalo, mo\u0159e jezd\u00ed na naftu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sen<\/span><\/h2>\n

Lo\u010f MV Odyssey, provozovan\u00e1 floridskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed Villa Vie Residences, vyplula v \u0159\u00edjnu 2024 na cestu, kter\u00e1 byla inzerov\u00e1na jako nep\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e1 a nekone\u010dn\u00e1 cesta kolem sv\u011bta. Nab\u00eddka byla pro ur\u010dit\u00fd typ americk\u00fdch d\u016fchodc\u016f neodolateln\u00e1: prodat d\u016fm, koupit si chatu za n\u011bkolik set tis\u00edc dolar\u016f a \u017e\u00edt na mo\u0159i, st\u011bhovat se z p\u0159\u00edstavu do p\u0159\u00edstavu, s garantovanou minim\u00e1ln\u00ed dobou pobytu 15 let. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00ed to ud\u011blali. Prodali sv\u00e9 domy. Rozdali sv\u016fj n\u00e1bytek. Vym\u011bnili sch\u016fze sdru\u017een\u00ed majitel\u016f dom\u016f za deltu Mekongu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bro\u017eura bohu\u017eel neobsahovala \u010d\u00e1st o Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona<\/span><\/h2>\n

Podle vlastn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f spole\u010dnosti, jak je uvedla stanice CBS News, se stala n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed situace. P\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky koncem \u00fanora st\u00e1lo palivo lodi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 700 dolar\u016f za tunu. Nyn\u00ed stoj\u00ed mezi 2 000 a 3 000 dolary za tunu. Odyssey spot\u0159ebuje 700 a\u017e 800 tun paliva m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. Jej\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det za palivo se zv\u00fd\u0161il z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 000 dolar\u016f na zhruba 2 miliony dolar\u016f. N\u00e1klady na palivo na kajutu vzrostly z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 800 dolar\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b na 6 000 a\u017e 8 000 dolar\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost ud\u011blala to, co by ud\u011blala ka\u017ed\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, pokud by se jej\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed variabiln\u00ed n\u00e1klady ztrojn\u00e1sobily nebo v\u00edce: zpomalila. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstavu str\u00e1vila p\u011bt nebo \u0161est dn\u00ed a \u010dekala, a\u017e se situace na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b uklidn\u00ed. Dovolte mi to zopakovat, proto\u017ee je to nejdojemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obchodn\u00ed strategie roku 2026: v\u00fdletn\u00ed lo\u010f se rozhodla p\u0159e\u010dkat americkou v\u00e1lku s \u00cdr\u00e1nem. Mnoz\u00ed z n\u00e1s \u010dekaj\u00ed od roku 1979.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nevy\u0161lo to. V \u00fater\u00fd 27. \u0159\u00edjna spole\u010dnost ukon\u010dila \u010dinnost v Kambod\u017ei. Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel Mikael Petterson sd\u011blil CBS, \u017ee si spole\u010dnost p\u016fj\u010dila pen\u00edze, zpozdila v\u00fdplaty mezd a z\u016fstala bez finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, zat\u00edmco hledala finan\u010dn\u00edho partnera; tak\u00e9 podala \u017e\u00e1dost o ochranu p\u0159ed bankrotem podle kapitoly 11. D\u016fchodce, kter\u00fd na palub\u011b \u017eil v\u00edce ne\u017e rok, uvedl, \u017ee byl v \u0161oku. C\u00edtili se stejn\u011b. Jeden den jste obyvatelem sv\u011bta. Dal\u0161\u00ed den jste obyvatelem hotelov\u00e9 haly v Sihanoukville a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edte, jestli \u201ekapitola 11\u201c zahrnuje i va\u0161i kajutu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zbytek flotily<\/span><\/h2>\n

Odyssey je nejdramati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1tou, ale nen\u00ed osamocen\u00e1. V\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b spaluj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd topn\u00fd olej a lodn\u00ed naftu, co\u017e je n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed bratranec nafty, o kter\u00e9m Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 agentura uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee z\u016fstane vz\u00e1cn\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b dlouho do roku 2027. Ropa Brent st\u00e1la po v\u011bt\u0161inu podzimu v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 dolar\u016f za barel. V\u00e1lka sn\u00ed\u017eila v\u00fdvoz paliv z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e polovinu p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e samotn\u00fd v\u00fdvoz nafty ze Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie klesl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o polovinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V Asii si to v\u00fdletn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti uv\u011bdomily ji\u017e v b\u0159eznu. Zna\u010dky StarCruises a Dream Cruises, vlastn\u011bn\u00e9 spole\u010dnost\u00ed Resorts World Cruises, za\u010daly od 20. b\u0159ezna \u00fa\u010dtovat palivov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edplatky za nov\u00e9 rezervace s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na \u201ened\u00e1vn\u00fd geopolitick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b\u201c. To se v z\u00e1vislosti na lodi pohybuje zhruba ve v\u00fd\u0161i 12 a\u017e 25 dolar\u016f na osobu a den. Nic nen\u00ed tak uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed jako no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed, \u017ee Teher\u00e1n je uveden na va\u0161em \u00fa\u010dtu za n\u00e1poje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed americk\u00e9 a evropsk\u00e9 v\u00fdletn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti tento krok zat\u00edm neu\u010dinily, ale vyhradily si pr\u00e1vo tak u\u010dinit, a to drobn\u00fdm p\u00edsmem. Podm\u00ednky spole\u010dnosti Carnival umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edplatek a\u017e 9 dolar\u016f na osobu a den, jakmile cena ropy p\u0159es\u00e1hne 70 dolar\u016f za barel. Norwegian povoluje a\u017e 10 dolar\u016f, pokud cena ropy p\u0159es\u00e1hne 65 dolar\u016f. MSC povoluje a\u017e 12 dolar\u016f, pokud cena p\u0159es\u00e1hne 65 dolar\u016f. Ceny ropy p\u0159ekonaly v\u0161echny t\u0159i prahov\u00e9 hodnoty u\u017e p\u0159ed m\u011bs\u00edci. Pro \u010dty\u0159\u010dlennou rodinu na t\u00fddenn\u00ed plavb\u011b s MSC by to mohlo k \u00fa\u010dtu p\u0159idat v\u00edce ne\u017e 330 dolar\u016f, a to i pot\u00e9, co ji\u017e zaplatili celou \u010d\u00e1stku. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si smlouvu. A p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si ji znovu, dokud m\u00e1te p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Norwegian Cruise Line ji\u017e sn\u00ed\u017eila svou progn\u00f3zu pro rok 2026 s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na ceny paliva a slab\u0161\u00ed popt\u00e1vku na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b. Spole\u010dnost Carnival, kter\u00e1 si nezaji\u0161\u0165uje n\u00e1klady na palivo, je stejn\u011b jako v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed v\u00fdletn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti vystavena cen\u00e1m na spotov\u00e9m trhu.<\/span><\/p>\n

A v\u00edt\u011bzem je\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee ne v\u0161ichni trp\u00ed. Spole\u010dnost Royal Caribbean v \u00fater\u00fd, ve stejn\u00fd den, kdy se Odyssey odml\u010dela, ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee p\u0159ekonala odhady Wall Street pro t\u0159et\u00ed \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161ila svou ro\u010dn\u00ed progn\u00f3zu. Tajemstv\u00ed? Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou si zajistila 58 procent sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby paliva pro rok 2026 za cenu okolo 471 dolar\u016f za tunu. I tak po zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed platila ve t\u0159et\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b 778 dolar\u016f za tunu a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee letos utrat\u00ed za palivo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,35 miliardy dolar\u016f. Obsazenost byla na 112 procentech a podle gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele jsou rezervace na rok 2027 p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm term\u00ednem \u201eza vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Takhle vypad\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed v\u00fdletn\u00edch plaveb v dob\u011b hormuzsk\u00e9 krize. Tento gigant s diviz\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed palivov\u00e9 riziko a m\u00edrou obsazenosti 112 procent zvy\u0161uje ceny a dosahuje rekordn\u00edch zisk\u016f. Mal\u00fd provozovatel, kter\u00fd n\u011bkolika stovk\u00e1m d\u016fchodc\u016f sl\u00edbil plovouc\u00ed d\u016fm na 15 let, je vylod\u00ed v kambod\u017esk\u00e9m doku a sm\u011b\u0159uje k bankrotu. N\u011bkde v t\u00e9to v\u011bt\u011b se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 ponau\u010den\u00ed o tom, jak se rozd\u011bluj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na tuto v\u00e1lku. Nech\u00e1m na v\u00e1s, abyste ho na\u0161li.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdo plat\u00ed za v\u00e1lku?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, nikdo ve Washingtonu s t\u00edm nepo\u010d\u00edtal. Nikdo ve Washingtonu nepl\u00e1nuje nic pod \u00farovn\u00ed \u00fadern\u00e9 skupiny letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se prezident a jeho poradci rozhodli, \u017ee bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00cdr\u00e1nu a blok\u00e1da jeho p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f je dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, neuspo\u0159\u00e1dali sch\u016fzku o lodn\u00edm plynov\u00e9m oleji. Nikdo se nezeptal, co by ztrojn\u00e1soben\u00ed ceny paliva v lodn\u00edch lod\u00edch znamenalo pro trajekty, ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 flotily, n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lod\u011b a ano, i pro lo\u010f plnou Ameri\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si mysleli, \u017ee na\u0161li ide\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fchod.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale takto se v\u00e1lky k lidem dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Ne prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ve\u010dern\u00edch zpr\u00e1v, ale prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ceny nafty na benz\u00ednov\u00fdch pump\u00e1ch, p\u0159\u00edplatku k \u00fa\u010dtu za plavbu, pek\u00e1rny, kter\u00e1 si u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee dovolit rozvoz, a farm\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fd u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee ovl\u00e1dat sv\u016fj traktor. Cestuj\u00edc\u00ed na Odyssey jsou pouze t\u011bmi nejfotogeni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi ob\u011b\u0165mi politiky, kter\u00e1 ti\u0161e zda\u0148uje ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo cokoli p\u0159epravuje po mo\u0159i \u2013 tedy ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p>\n

A nyn\u00ed se Washington \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159ipravuje na dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fatok na \u00cdr\u00e1n po volb\u00e1ch v polovin\u011b volebn\u00edho obdob\u00ed. Pokud uva\u017eujete o rezervaci plavby na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok, zde je n\u011bkolik rad: P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si dolo\u017eku o palivu. Zkontrolujte, zda si v\u00fdletn\u00ed spole\u010dnost poji\u0161\u0165uje n\u00e1klady na palivo. A mo\u017en\u00e1 byste si m\u011bli nechat sv\u016fj d\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Larry C. Johnson<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pokud chcete pochopit, kolik stoj\u00ed v\u00e1lka Washingtonu s \u00cdr\u00e1nem oby\u010dejn\u00e9 lidi, zapome\u0148te na zpr\u00e1vy think…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":119739,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[371,627,1333,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119738"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119738"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119738\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}