{"id":119610,"date":"2026-10-28T04:30:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T03:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=119610"},"modified":"2026-10-28T04:30:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T03:30:45","slug":"analyza-z-usa-legalne-ozbrojeni-obcane-zabranili-40-procentum-utoku-se-strelnymi-zbranemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/10\/28\/analyza-z-usa-legalne-ozbrojeni-obcane-zabranili-40-procentum-utoku-se-strelnymi-zbranemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Anal\u00fdza z USA: Leg\u00e1ln\u011b ozbrojen\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nili 40 procent\u016fm \u00fatok\u016f se st\u0159eln\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Nemus\u00edte v\u017edy bezmocn\u011b \u010dekat na policii \u2013 a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b se st\u00e1t ob\u011bt\u00ed. Podle anal\u00fdzy Centra pro v\u00fdzkum prevence kriminality zabr\u00e1nili leg\u00e1ln\u011b ozbrojen\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 v USA v letech 2014 a\u017e 2025 celkem 260 ozbrojen\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f. V\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1sah\u016f p\u0159ed prvn\u00edm v\u00fdst\u0159elem to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 40 procent\u016fm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zahrnut\u00fdch do anal\u00fdzy. Pr\u016fzkum je v rozporu s ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistikou FBI, kter\u00e1 uv\u00e1d\u011bla pouze 3,9 procenta.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"h-das-von-john-lott-geleitete-crime-prevention-research-center-cprc-ermittelte-fur-die-vereinigten-staaten-zwischen-2014-und-2025-insgesamt-615-sogenannte-active-shooter-vorfalle-bei-225-davon-hatten-legal-bewaffnete-zivilisten-den-angriff-gestoppt-36-6-prozent-weitere-35-falle-fuhrt-das-zentrum-gesondert-weil-der-angreifer-vor-seinem-ersten-schuss-aufgehalten-wurde-rechnet-man-diese-interventionen-hinzu-ergeben-sich-260-erfolgreiche-eingriffe-bei-650-erfassten-fallen-rechnerisch-40-prozent-diese-erweiterte-quote-ist-unsere-berechnung-auf-grundlage-der-cprc-angaben-crimeresearch-org\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum pro prevenci kriminality (CPRC), v jeho\u017e \u010dele stoj\u00ed John Lott, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/crimeresearch.org\/2026\/09\/massive-errors-in-fbis-active-shooting-reports-from-2014-2025-regarding-cases-where-civilians-stop-attacks-instead-of-3-9-the-correct-number-is-at-least-36-6-excluding-gun-free-zones-it-a\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">identifikovalo<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> v USA v letech 2014 a\u017e 2025 celkem 615 takzvan\u00fdch incident\u016f \u201eaktivn\u00ed st\u0159elby\u201c. Ve 225 z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f \u00fatok zastavili leg\u00e1ln\u011b ozbrojen\u00ed civilist\u00e9, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 36,6 procenta. Centrum zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00edch 35 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f samostatn\u011b, proto\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk byl zastaven p\u0159ed prvn\u00edm v\u00fdst\u0159elem. V\u010detn\u011b t\u011bchto z\u00e1sah\u016f to znamen\u00e1 260 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f z 650 zaznamenan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f \u2013 vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00fdch 40 procent. Tato roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 m\u00edra je na\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdpo\u010dtem zalo\u017een\u00fdm na datech CPRC.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-gegenwehr-kann-tater-zur-aufgabe-oder-flucht-zwingen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Odpor m\u016f\u017ee pachatele donutit ke kapitulaci nebo \u00fat\u011bku<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zdokumentovan\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy prob\u00edhaly na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, v\u010detn\u011b obchod\u016f, restaurac\u00ed, pracovi\u0161\u0165 a obytn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. \u00da\u010dastnili se jich jak nez\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00ed kolemjdouc\u00ed, tak i p\u0159\u00edmo napaden\u00e9 ob\u011bti. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 sebeobrana ne v\u017edy znamenala zabit\u00ed pachatele: soubor p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zahrnuje i \u00fato\u010dn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed po kladen\u00ed odporu uprchli, slo\u017eili zbran\u011b nebo byli zadr\u017eeni do zat\u010den\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem bylo, \u017ee ozbrojen\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 byli schopni p\u0159eru\u0161it prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed hrozbu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je \u00fatok na zubn\u00ed ordinaci v Colonial Heights v Tennessee 13. \u00fanora 2019. Podle zdokumentovan\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v mu\u017e zast\u0159elil svou man\u017eelku, kter\u00e1 tam pracovala, a pot\u00e9 obr\u00e1til zbra\u0148 proti dal\u0161\u00edm lidem. Pacient s povolen\u00edm ke skryt\u00e9mu no\u0161en\u00ed zbran\u011b \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka zast\u0159elil. V Syrakus\u00e1ch ve st\u00e1t\u011b New York 31. srpna 2021 spr\u00e1vce nemovitosti s leg\u00e1ln\u011b vlastn\u011bnou pistol\u00ed zast\u0159elil mu\u017ee, kter\u00fd st\u0159\u00edlel do davu. Okresn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce mu p\u0159ipsal z\u00e1sluhy za z\u00e1chranu n\u011bkolika \u017eivot\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-warum-die-fbi-zahlen-erheblich-niedriger-ausfallen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pro\u010d jsou \u010d\u00edsla FBI v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Podle srovn\u00e1n\u00ed CPRC zaznamenala FBI ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed 408 incident\u016f s \u201eaktivn\u00edm st\u0159elcem\u201c a pouze 16 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f p\u0159ipsala ozbrojen\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm \u2013 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,9 procenta. Lott vysv\u011btluje tento rozpor vynechan\u00fdmi incidenty a odli\u0161n\u00fdmi klasifikacemi. To zahrnuje i ot\u00e1zku, zda jsou dobrovoln\u00ed ozbrojen\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 c\u00edrkevn\u00edho sboru zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1ni jako ob\u010dan\u00e9 nebo bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci. Centrum d\u00e1le kritizuje p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy ob\u010dan\u00e9 pomohli pachateli uprchnout, ale n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zat\u010den\u00ed polici\u00ed bylo ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem pro statistickou klasifikaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-selbstschutz-unmittelbar-am-ort-des-angriffs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Sebeobrana ihned na m\u00edst\u011b \u00fatoku<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Studovan\u00e1 kategorie se vztahuje k prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm \u00fatok\u016fm se st\u0159eln\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi proti lidem v obydlen\u00fdch oblastech. M\u016f\u017ee se zde jednat i o incidenty bez smrteln\u00fdch n\u00e1sledk\u016f. Procenta se proto vztahuj\u00ed ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu souboru p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, nikoli ke v\u0161em trestn\u00fdm \u010din\u016fm se st\u0159eln\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi v Americe. Zdokumentovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady jasn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, jak\u00fd rozd\u00edl m\u016f\u017ee na m\u00edst\u011b \u010dinu ud\u011blat leg\u00e1ln\u011b ozbrojen\u00fd ob\u010dan: M\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit sebe i ostatn\u00ed, dokud \u00fatok st\u00e1le prob\u00edh\u00e1, a p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edjezdem policejn\u00edch slo\u017eek m\u016f\u017ee zas\u00e1hnout. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm lid\u00e9 na m\u00edst\u011b \u010dinu maj\u00ed \u010dasto mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehled o trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu a pachateli, zat\u00edmco policist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed doraz\u00ed pozd\u011bji, mus\u00ed nejprve situaci posoudit a mohou dokonce u\u010dinit nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-ausserhalb-von-waffenverbotszonen-mehr-als-jeder-zweite-angriff-gestoppt\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Mimo z\u00f3ny bez zbran\u00ed: V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina v\u0161ech \u00fatok\u016f byla zastavena.<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Podle CPRC je v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy ob\u010dan\u00e9 m\u011bli leg\u00e1ln\u00ed povolen\u00ed nosit zbran\u011b, m\u00edra \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 sebeobrany v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed: V obdob\u00ed od roku 2014 do roku 2025 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum zaznamenalo 199 zastaven\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f z 376 zdokumentovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f \u2013 co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 52,9 procent\u016fm. Za rok 2025 publikace uv\u00e1d\u00ed dokonce 58,3 procenta mimo takov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny bez zbran\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v t\u00e9to podskupin\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu v\u0161ech zaznamenan\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f ukon\u010dili leg\u00e1ln\u011b ozbrojen\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9. CPRC zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee z\u00e1kony dodr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed majitel\u00e9 zbran\u00ed v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch bez zbran\u00ed se mus\u00ed tohoto prost\u0159edku sebeobrany vzd\u00e1t, pokud dodr\u017euj\u00ed platn\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy. Co levicov\u011b orientovan\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci \u010dasto odm\u00edtaj\u00ed uznat, je to, \u017ee v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch bez zbran\u00ed nos\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zbran\u011b prim\u00e1rn\u011b zlo\u010dinci \u2013 \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1kony dodr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed ob\u010dany p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed o mo\u017enost chr\u00e1nit sebe i ostatn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nemus\u00edte v\u017edy bezmocn\u011b \u010dekat na policii \u2013 a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b se st\u00e1t ob\u011bt\u00ed. Podle anal\u00fdzy Centra&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":119611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[369,637,37,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119610"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119610"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119610\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}