{"id":11771,"date":"2022-06-23T01:01:59","date_gmt":"2022-06-22T23:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=11771"},"modified":"2022-06-22T19:34:03","modified_gmt":"2022-06-22T17:34:03","slug":"usa-se-v-dusledku-tohoto-lziveho-zakona-utopi-v-bazine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/06\/23\/usa-se-v-dusledku-tohoto-lziveho-zakona-utopi-v-bazine\/","title":{"rendered":"USA se v d\u016fsledku tohoto \u201el\u017eiv\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona\u201c utop\u00ed v ba\u017ein\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>21. \u010dervna m\u00edstn\u00edho \u010dasu vstoupil v platnost tzv. \u201eUjgursk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o prevenci nucen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Tento z\u00e1kon pln\u00fd l\u017e\u00ed zakazuje dovoz z \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho Xinjinagu (Sin-\u0165iang), pokud \u201eneexistuje jasn\u00fd d\u016fkaz, \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00fd produkt nen\u00ed produktem nucen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Toto je nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed krok USA k po\u0161pin\u011bn\u00ed situace v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v Xinjiangu. \u00da\u010delem je potla\u010dit bavlnu, raj\u010data, sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fotovoltaiku a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed v Xinjiangu a omezit rozvoj \u010c\u00edny. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zjist\u00ed, \u017ee tato \u201esank\u010dn\u00ed h\u016fl\u201c nakonec zas\u00e1hne i je samotn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Takzvan\u00e1 \u201enucen\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce\u201c v Xinjiangu je velk\u00e1 le\u017e vymy\u0161len\u00e1 proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi silami. Vezm\u011bte si jako p\u0159\u00edklad produkci bavlny, v procesu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bavlny v Xinjiangu p\u0159ekra\u010duje \u00farove\u0148 komplexn\u00ed mechanizace ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b oblast\u00ed 90 procent a p\u011bstitel\u00e9 na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed navigaci Beidou (Pej-tou) a bezpilotn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Odkud poch\u00e1z\u00ed \u201enucen\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce\u201c? Ned\u00e1vno n\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u00e9dia uvedla, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 produkty americk\u00e9 sportovn\u00ed zna\u010dky Skechers vyroben\u00e9 v \u010c\u00edn\u011b byly zabaveny americk\u00fdmi celn\u00edky. V d\u016fsledku toho nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zadan\u00e9 spole\u010dnost\u00ed Skechers uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o \u201enucen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci\u201c v jej\u00edch partnersk\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech v \u010c\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici se ve skute\u010dnosti nestaraj\u00ed o skute\u010dnou zam\u011bstnanost v Xinjiangu. Jen vym\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed l\u017ei pod rou\u0161kou lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, aby po\u0161pinili \u010c\u00ednu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 omezili konkuren\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhodu pr\u016fmyslu v Xinjiangu. Sna\u017e\u00ed se vylou\u010dit Xinjiang a dokonce i \u010c\u00ednu jako celek z glob\u00e1ln\u00edho dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, aby dos\u00e1hli takzvan\u00e9ho \u201eomezen\u00ed \u010c\u00edny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Xinjiangu\u201c. P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny m\u00e9dia odhalila, \u017ee ameri\u010dt\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 jednou na intern\u00ed recepci p\u0159iznali, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Xinjiangu k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed rozruchu kolem \u201enucen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce\u201c a \u201egenocidy\u201c a napad\u00e1n\u00ed ot\u00e1zek lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v je \u201ez\u00e1pas\u201c a \u201e\u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd prost\u0159edek\u201c, jeho\u017e kone\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem je \u201e\u00fapln\u011b potopit \u010d\u00ednskou vl\u00e1du do ba\u017einy\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9, aby USA dos\u00e1hly sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle? N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee implementace tohoto \u201el\u017eiv\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona\u201c naru\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d a podkope stabilitu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, a n\u011bkter\u00e9 exportn\u011b orientovan\u00e9 podniky v Xinjiangu t\u00edm mohou b\u00fdt ovlivn\u011bny. Ale pro USA je nemo\u017en\u00e9 omezit rozvoj \u010c\u00edny z ekonomick\u00e9ho hlediska.<\/p>\n<p>Vezm\u011bte si jako p\u0159\u00edklad bavlnu z Xinjiangu. \u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b rozvinut\u00fd textiln\u00ed pr\u016fmysl a velkou popt\u00e1vku po bavln\u011b, v roce 2021 dos\u00e1hl dovoz bavlny 2,342 milionu tun, co\u017e ukazuje, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fd trh. Na druhou stranu kvalita dlouhovl\u00e1kn\u00e9 bavlny z Xinjiangu pat\u0159\u00ed k nejlep\u0161\u00edm na sv\u011bt\u011b a mnoho sv\u011btov\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00fdch zna\u010dek podepsalo dlouhodob\u00e9 smlouvy s m\u00edstn\u00edmi spole\u010dnostmi. Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Xinjiang v\u017edy trval na otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed se vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu sv\u011btu. V prvn\u00edch p\u011bti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch tohoto roku dos\u00e1hla hodnota dovozu a v\u00fdvozu zahrani\u010dn\u00edho obchodu Xinjiangu celkem 67,41 miliardy yuan\u016f, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje meziro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst o 30,9 procenta.<\/p>\n<p>Je vid\u011bt, \u017ee obrovsk\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho trhu a sv\u011btov\u00e9ho trhu ur\u010dit\u011b d\u00e1 podnik\u016fm ze Xinjiangu prostor k pohybu. Pokud Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zav\u0159ou sv\u00e9 dve\u0159e, nezni\u010d\u00ed to konkurenceschopnost produkt\u016f z Xinjiangu.<\/p>\n<p>Samotn\u00e9 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty budou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u201ehluboce zasa\u017eeny\u201c t\u00edmto l\u017eiv\u00fdm z\u00e1konem. Americk\u00e9 zna\u010dky a maloobchodn\u00edci dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed podle odhad\u016f Americk\u00e9 asociace pro pr\u00e1va pracovn\u00edk\u016f ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,5 miliardy kus\u016f oble\u010den\u00ed v hodnot\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 miliard dolar\u016f, kter\u00e9 je v\u0161echno vyrobeno s pou\u017eit\u00edm l\u00e1tek ze Xinjiangu. Web \u201ePolitico\u201c v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee po zaveden\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona budou maloobchodn\u00edci a v\u00fdrobci ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech uvr\u017eeni do chaosu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u017ee americk\u00fd od\u011bvn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl bude t\u011b\u017ece zasa\u017een.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho je Xinjiang tak\u00e9 nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btovou v\u00fdrobn\u00ed z\u00e1kladnou pro polysilikon, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro fotovoltaick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Americk\u00e1 obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b Katherine Tai uznala, \u017ee USA spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na \u010c\u00ednu z 85 procent v\u00fdroby sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f. \u010casopis Fortune o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch vl\u00e1da USA zjist\u00ed, \u017ee probl\u00e9my dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it, budou \u010delit nov\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1kona specifick\u00e9ho pro Xinjiang.<\/p>\n<p>A v\u0161echny tyto n\u00e1klady nakonec zaplat\u00ed ameri\u010dt\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed inflaci za posledn\u00edch 40 let. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 americk\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnost pot\u0159ebuje podle propo\u010dt\u016f analytik\u016f agentury Moody&#8217;s zhruba 460 dolar\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b nav\u00edc ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi roky. Pokud vl\u00e1da USA p\u016fjde svou vlastn\u00ed cestou a vylou\u010d\u00ed bavlnu, polysilikon a dal\u0161\u00ed produkty ze Xinjiangu z dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, pak to nad\u00e1le vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky americk\u00fdch spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, z\u00e1\u0161\u0165 bude v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici tak\u00e9 ztrat\u00ed v\u00edce politick\u00fdch bod\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Je vid\u011bt, \u017ee americk\u00e1 strana po\u0161kod\u00ed t\u00edmto \u201el\u017eiv\u00fdm z\u00e1konem\u201c proti Xinjiangu ostatn\u00ed i sebe. \u010c\u00edna rozhodn\u011b p\u0159ijme \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, aby pevn\u011b chr\u00e1nila legitimn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1jmy \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f a ob\u010dan\u016f a udr\u017eela stabilitu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce. Tv\u016frci \u201el\u017eiv\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona\u201c za to tvrd\u011b zaplat\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>21. \u010dervna m\u00edstn\u00edho \u010dasu vstoupil v platnost tzv. \u201eUjgursk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o prevenci nucen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Tento&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2906,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,2651,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11771"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11771"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11771\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}