{"id":116823,"date":"2026-09-27T00:21:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T22:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=116823"},"modified":"2026-09-26T12:00:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T10:00:24","slug":"po-temer-40-letech-italie-uvolnuje-cestu-pro-nove-jaderne-elektrarny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/09\/27\/po-temer-40-letech-italie-uvolnuje-cestu-pro-nove-jaderne-elektrarny\/","title":{"rendered":"Po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 letech: It\u00e1lie uvol\u0148uje cestu pro nov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny"},"content":{"rendered":"
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It\u00e1lie odstavila sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny a od t\u00e9 doby nakupuje jadernou energii mimo jin\u00e9 z Francie. Nyn\u00ed \u0158\u00edm podnik\u00e1 kroky: Po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 letech zem\u011b op\u011bt vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. Zat\u00edmco N\u011bmecko vy\u0159adilo z provozu sv\u00e9 posledn\u00ed reaktory v roce 2023, It\u00e1lie ji\u017e pl\u00e1nuje v\u00fdrobu nov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 energie od roku 2033 nebo 2034.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Italsk\u00fd Sen\u00e1t ve st\u0159edu vydal kone\u010dn\u00e9 <\/span>schv\u00e1len\u00ed<\/span><\/a> . Pro z\u00e1kon hlasovalo 81 sen\u00e1tor\u016f, 51 bylo proti a sedm se zdr\u017eelo hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento z\u00e1kon ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 vl\u00e1d\u011b Giorgie Meloniov\u00e9, aby do dvan\u00e1cti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f vypracovala p\u0159edpisy pro v\u00fdstavbu a provoz nov\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed kontroly, nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s jadern\u00fdm odpadem a nez\u00e1visl\u00fd dohled. Po desetilet\u00edch bez vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroby jadern\u00e9 energie m\u00e1 It\u00e1lie nyn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro op\u011btovn\u00fd vstup do sektoru jadern\u00e9 energie.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edmto krokem italsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da prov\u00e1d\u00ed historick\u00fd obrat. Po referendu v roce 1987 se tehdej\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1da rozhodla odstavit zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed italsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. Trino a Caorso byly definitivn\u011b odstaveny v roce 1990. Od t\u00e9 doby It\u00e1lie nevyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou jadernou energii \u2013 co\u017e v\u0161ak zemi nezabr\u00e1nilo v <\/span>dovozu<\/span><\/a> velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny ze sousedn\u00edch zem\u00ed . Francie je po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm dodavatelem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Drah\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na dovozu<\/span><\/h3>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b nyn\u00ed se projevuj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na tuto z\u00e1vislost. V t\u00fddnu od 14. do 20. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u010dinila pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 italsk\u00e1 <\/span>velkoobchodn\u00ed cena<\/span><\/a> 215,82 eura za megawatthodinu. Ve stejn\u00e9m t\u00fddnu p\u0159edchoz\u00edho roku to bylo 109,61 eura. B\u011bhem roku to p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 97 procent. Podle tr\u017en\u00edch anal\u00fdz byla It\u00e1lie tak\u00e9 jedin\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm trhem s elekt\u0159inou s rostouc\u00edmi cenami v dan\u00e9m t\u00fddnu. Vysok\u00e9 ceny plynu a n\u00edzk\u00e1 produkce v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie vyv\u00edjely na trh zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed tlak.<\/span><\/p>\n

It\u00e1lie je tak\u00e9 siln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na dovozu energie ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, pokud jde o jej\u00ed celkov\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky. Italsk\u00fd institut pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed ISPRA <\/span>odhaduje<\/span><\/a> z\u00e1vislost na dovozu pro rok 2024 na 75,8 procenta. U zemn\u00edho plynu a ropy je to v\u0161ak ve skute\u010dnosti kolem 96 procent. Probl\u00e9m It\u00e1lie tedy nen\u00ed jen statistickou h\u00e1dankou: t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny jej\u00ed celkov\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 pot\u0159eby z\u00e1vis\u00ed na extern\u00edch dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento rozpor je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00fd v sektoru elekt\u0159iny. V roce 2025 <\/span>dodala<\/span><\/a> Francie It\u00e1lii p\u0159es spole\u010dnou hranici \u010dist\u00fdch 26,2 terawatthodin \u2013 v\u00edce ne\u017e kdykoli p\u0159edt\u00edm. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 velkoobchodn\u00ed cena v It\u00e1lii v dan\u00e9m roce \u010dinila 116 eur za megawatthodinu, zat\u00edmco ve Francii to bylo 61 eur. Francie se evidentn\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na stabiln\u00ed dod\u00e1vky jadern\u00e9 energie \u2013 It\u00e1lie nikoli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 technologie jadern\u00e9 energie<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0158\u00edm to nyn\u00ed chce zm\u011bnit. Ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a energetiky Gilberto Pichetto Fratin se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee prvn\u00ed nov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba jadern\u00e9 energie je mo\u017en\u00e1 <\/span>ji\u017e v roce 2033 nebo 2034.<\/span><\/a> Vl\u00e1da se m\u00edsto pouh\u00e9ho o\u017eiven\u00ed konstrukc\u00ed reaktor\u016f z minul\u00fdch desetilet\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na mal\u00e9 modul\u00e1rn\u00ed reaktory (SMR) a dal\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 technologie reaktor\u016f. Francouzsk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost EDF pl\u00e1nuje do roku 2035 v Evrop\u011b deset projekt\u016f SMR; jeden z nich m\u00e1 b\u00fdt postaven v It\u00e1lii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrast s N\u011bmeckem by sotva mohl b\u00fdt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Emsland, Isar 2 a Neckarwestheim 2 trvale ukon\u010dily provoz 15. dubna 2023. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da t\u00edm prohl\u00e1sila vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jadern\u00e9 energie v N\u011bmecku za ukon\u010den\u00e9. O t\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji It\u00e1lie pracuje na n\u00e1vratu jadern\u00e9 energie a ji\u017e stanovila mo\u017en\u00fd term\u00edn pro v\u00fdstavbu vlastn\u00edch reaktor\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

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It\u00e1lie odstavila sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny a od t\u00e9 doby nakupuje jadernou energii mimo jin\u00e9 z…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":116824,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[285,191,4536],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116823"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116823"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116823\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/116824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}