{"id":116786,"date":"2026-09-26T06:40:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T04:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=116786"},"modified":"2026-09-26T06:52:56","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T04:52:56","slug":"evropa-chce-nezavislost-ve-vesmiru-muze-se-nam-skutecne-vyhnout","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/09\/26\/evropa-chce-nezavislost-ve-vesmiru-muze-se-nam-skutecne-vyhnout\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa chce nez\u00e1vislost ve vesm\u00edru: M\u016f\u017ee se n\u00e1m skute\u010dn\u011b vyhnout?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Evropa usiluje o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomii ve vesm\u00edru, jeliko\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed s USA m\u011bn\u00ed transatlantick\u00e9 vztahy. Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na energie a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 zranitelnost v\u0161ak tyto ambice komplikuj\u00ed. Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee spo\u010d\u00edvat ve strategick\u00e9 diverzifikaci a partnerstv\u00edch mimo syst\u00e9m z\u00e1padn\u00edch alianc\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9m summitu francouzsk\u00fd prezident Emmanuel Macron <\/span>vyzval<\/span><\/a> kontinent k pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00e9 autonomie v oblasti vesm\u00edru. Absence velk\u00fdch americk\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch firem odr\u00e1\u017eela rostouc\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi evropsk\u00fdm blokem a Washingtonem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa se st\u00e1le spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na americkou infrastrukturu a spole\u010dnosti jako SpaceX, kter\u00e9 p\u0159epravuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 jej\u00ed astronauty a vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze sv\u00fdch satelit\u016f na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160\u00e9f Evropsk\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 agentury (ESA) Josef Aschbacher rovn\u011b\u017e <\/span>vyzval k<\/span><\/a> v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm investic\u00edm, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila z\u00e1vislost na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sil\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed konflikt na Ukrajin\u011b to jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zal: Americk\u00e1 satelitn\u00ed konstelace Starlink provozovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00ed SpaceX se stala pro komunikaci z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u2013 a p\u0159esto ji z evropsk\u00e9ho pohledu nechala vystavenou uv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed vlastn\u00edka, jak <\/span>je vid\u011bt<\/span><\/a> na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch se postoj\u00edch Elona Muska. Tento konflikt za\u010dal jako americk\u00e1 z\u00e1stupn\u00e1 v\u00e1lka<\/a> na vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed, ale st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se st\u00e1v\u00e1 evropsk\u00fdm z\u00e1stupn\u00fdm konfliktem<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n

Zp\u011bt do vesm\u00edru, Evropa nyn\u00ed hled\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed syst\u00e9my – dok\u00e1\u017ee usp\u011bt, kdy\u017e se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s vlastn\u00ed energetickou a pr\u016fmyslovou kriz\u00ed?<\/span><\/p>\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f nemus\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edvat v evropsk\u00e9 sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti, ale ve strategick\u00e9 diverzifikaci: EU by mohla budovat sv\u00e9 suver\u00e9nn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kapacity a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si udr\u017eovat \u010detn\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 partnerstv\u00ed, a to i se zem\u011bmi mimo syst\u00e9m z\u00e1padn\u00edch alianc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby bylo jasno, EU <\/span>neza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 od nuly<\/span><\/a> . Provozuje syst\u00e9my\u00a0 <\/span>Galileo<\/span><\/a> \u00a0 pro navigaci a <\/span>Copernicus<\/span><\/a> \u00a0 pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Zem\u011b, spolu s\u00a0 nosn\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my <\/span>Ariane<\/span><\/a> a Vega a velk\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslem vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm satelity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozpo\u010dty se v roce 2025 zv\u00fd\u0161ily <\/span>o 12 %<\/span><\/a> na 13,5 miliardy eur; \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ESA se na ministersk\u00e9m zased\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2025 zav\u00e1zaly k <\/span>rekordn\u00edm 22,3 miliard\u00e1m eur .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Raketa Ariane 6 obnovila schopnost Evropy autonomn\u011b vypou\u0161t\u011bt t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 rakety: v \u010dervnu 2026 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vynesla na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu <\/span>36 satelit\u016f Amazon Leo .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

IRIS\u00b2, pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 konstelace zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed, je v\u00fdslovn\u011b <\/span>koncipov\u00e1na<\/span><\/a> jako sou\u010d\u00e1st evropsk\u00e9 <\/span>digit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenity<\/span><\/a> \u2013 ale neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee by dos\u00e1hla pln\u00e9ho provozu d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e <\/span>kolem roku 2030<\/span><\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n

Vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislost vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce ne\u017e jen rakety: vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 kovy, pohonn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, polovodi\u010de, p\u0159esnou v\u00fdrobu, kvalifikovan\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdry a dlouhodob\u00e9 investice.<\/span><\/p>\n

To v\u0161e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na konkurenceschopn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b. A evropsk\u00fd <\/span>pr\u016fmysl<\/span><\/a> st\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed cen\u00e1m <\/span>plynu<\/span><\/a> a <\/span>elekt\u0159iny<\/span><\/a> , kter\u00e9 jsou dvakr\u00e1t a\u017e \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u hlavn\u00edch obchodn\u00edch partner\u016f EU.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va ESA o vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 ekonomice z roku 2026 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee zat\u00edmco ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 rozpo\u010dty rostou, soukrom\u00e9 investice v Evrop\u011b v roce 2025 <\/span>klesly<\/span><\/a> o 8 procent na 1,4 miliardy eur \u2013 a to i p\u0159es prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst soukrom\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd byl poh\u00e1n\u011bn p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vno jsem tvrdil<\/span><\/a> , \u017ee EU sn\u00ed\u017eila z\u00e1vislost na rusk\u00e9m plynovodn\u00edm plynu \u2013 jen aby se pak v\u00edce stala vystavenou glob\u00e1ln\u011b obchodovan\u00e9mu LNG a vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm uzl\u016fm. Diverzifikace se ne v\u017edy rovn\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u00fd vzorec ohro\u017euje i prostor: vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed n\u00e1klady mohou naru\u0161it konkurenceschopnost a znovu v\u00e9st k z\u00e1vislosti na zahrani\u010dn\u00edm kapit\u00e1lu, sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch nebo slu\u017eb\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomick\u00fd nacionalismus<\/span><\/a> nar\u016fst\u00e1 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, ale obnova kapacit za vysok\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pro Evropu n\u00e1kladn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dapln\u00e1 reindustrializace by vy\u017eadovala koordinovan\u00e9 zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek, siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacitu, jak <\/span>argumentovali<\/span><\/a> Max Bergmann a Sophia Besch (ve sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze evropsk\u00e9 obrany z roku 2023) \u2013 rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 struktury i nad\u00e1le omezuj\u00ed schopnost bloku p\u0159em\u011bnit v\u00fddaje na strategickou kapacitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc podle <\/span>anal\u00fdzy<\/span><\/a> GIS m\u00e1 kontinent zna\u010dn\u00fd technologick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l, ale uprost\u0159ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch rozpor\u016f se mu neda\u0159\u00ed jej prom\u011bnit v ucelenou strategickou mocnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vesm\u00edr se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed geopolitickou hranic\u00ed, podobn\u011b jako se tomu stalo <\/span>v hlubok\u00e9m mo\u0159i a kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0161elfu<\/span><\/a> . Kontrola nad komunikac\u00ed, navigac\u00ed, pr\u016fzkumem a budouc\u00ed lun\u00e1rn\u00ed infrastrukturou se prom\u00edt\u00e1 do moci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa se tak ocit\u00e1 mezi dv\u011bma velk\u00fdmi vesm\u00edrn\u00fdmi mocnostmi, Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a \u010c\u00ednou \u2013 p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Rusko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm vesm\u00edrn\u00fdm akt\u00e9rem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud je \u00fapln\u00e1 autarkie nere\u00e1ln\u00e1, slibn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestou je pragmatick\u00e1 mnohostrann\u00e1 anga\u017eovanost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Indie ji\u017e nab\u00edz\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost: ESA a ISRO ned\u00e1vno <\/span>prodlou\u017eily<\/span><\/a> \u00a0 spolupr\u00e1ci do roku 2032 v oblasti pr\u016fzkumu, udr\u017eitelnosti a pokro\u010dil\u00fdch technologi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diplomat\u00e9 EU <\/span>poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/span><\/a> , \u017ee ob\u011b strany usiluj\u00ed o strategickou autonomii a indick\u00e9 odpalovac\u00ed rakety pova\u017euj\u00ed za n\u00e1stroj diverzifikace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peking a Moskva sice za sou\u010dasn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro EU slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed politickou situaci, evropsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m Galileo v\u0161ak <\/span>funguje<\/span><\/a> i v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed s v\u00edce konstelacemi, kter\u00e9 zahrnuje \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd BeiDou a rusk\u00fd GLONASS.<\/span><\/p>\n

Selektivn\u00ed technick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce, pokud je politicky a pr\u00e1vn\u011b provediteln\u00e1, by nutn\u011b neznamenala plnou politickou shodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arktida je v tomto ohledu u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem: geografie vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy, kter\u00e9 geopolitick\u00e9 rozpory nemohou jen tak vymazat; Kanada a evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty i uprost\u0159ed nap\u011bt\u00ed st\u00e1le diskutuj\u00ed o spolupr\u00e1ci <\/span>s Ruskem .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Stejn\u00e9 uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed plat\u00ed i za hranicemi Zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Otev\u0159en\u00e1 strategick\u00e1 autonomie z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 realistick\u00e1: dostate\u010dn\u00e1 suver\u00e9nn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kapacita, aby \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 jednotliv\u00e1 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mocnost nemohla vy\u0159adit z provozu kritickou evropskou infrastrukturu. Blok by si st\u00e1le mohl p\u0159izp\u016fsobit svou transatlantickou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architekturu \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se izolovat od jednotliv\u00fdch bod\u016f selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Energie, pr\u016fmysl, technologie a vesm\u00edr tvo\u0159\u00ed propojen\u00fd celek; pokrok v jednom podporuje ostatn\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed nebudou sta\u010dit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 ambice autonomie budou \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pouze tehdy, budou-li spo\u010d\u00edvat na diverzifikovan\u00fdch partnerstv\u00edch na v\u00fdchod\u011b \u2013 tedy na pragmatick\u00e9m mnohostrann\u00e9m zapojen\u00ed nad r\u00e1mec mentality studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropa usiluje o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomii ve vesm\u00edru, jeliko\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed s USA m\u011bn\u00ed transatlantick\u00e9 vztahy. Vysok\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":116787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[283,22,37,40,88,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116786"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/116787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}