{"id":116164,"date":"2026-09-18T05:01:53","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T03:01:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=116164"},"modified":"2026-09-18T05:01:53","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T03:01:53","slug":"pravda-o-lektinech-v-zelenine-a-lusteninach-zloduchove-nebo-hrdinove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/09\/18\/pravda-o-lektinech-v-zelenine-a-lusteninach-zloduchove-nebo-hrdinove\/","title":{"rendered":"Pravda o lektinech v zelenin\u011b a lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch: Zloduchov\u00e9 nebo hrdinov\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud by se ud\u011blovala cena za nejnepochopen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, lektiny by pat\u0159ily mezi hlavn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ty. Tyto b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch, vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed mezi odborn\u00edky na v\u00fd\u017eivu i zast\u00e1nci r\u016fzn\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch sm\u011br\u016f v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 diskuse.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jejich kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee potraviny s vysok\u00fdm obsahem lektin\u016f naru\u0161uj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed v\u00fdstelku, podporuj\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bt a p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke vzniku autoimunitn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b stoj\u00ed zast\u00e1nci rostlinn\u00e9 stravy, kte\u0159\u00ed upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na pozoruhodn\u00fd paradox: mnoh\u00e9 populace zn\u00e1m\u00e9 dlouhov\u011bkost\u00ed pravideln\u011b konzumuj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b potraviny bohat\u00e9 na lektiny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V takzvan\u00fdch modr\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch pat\u0159\u00ed fazole a dal\u0161\u00ed lu\u0161t\u011bniny mezi tradi\u010dn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku. N\u011bkolik rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch pozorovac\u00edch studi\u00ed nav\u00edc spojuje jejich pravidelnou konzumaci s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00famrtnost\u00ed. To ov\u0161em neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee za p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky stoj\u00ed samotn\u00e9 lektiny. Lu\u0161t\u011bniny obsahuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 vl\u00e1kninu, rostlinn\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny a dal\u0161\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tak\u017ee jak to vlastn\u011b je? <\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Jsou lektiny pro va\u0161e zdrav\u00ed dobr\u00e9 nebo \u0161patn\u00e9?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pravda je slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e senza\u010dn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159ipraveny potraviny obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed lektiny hodnotnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 stravy. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak situace, kdy je na m\u00edst\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed opatrnost, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i nedostate\u010dn\u011b uva\u0159en\u00fdch lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch nebo individu\u00e1ln\u00edch tr\u00e1vic\u00edch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed jsou dv\u011b ot\u00e1zky: jak tyto potraviny sn\u00e1\u0161\u00edte a zda je p\u0159ipravujete spr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">Co jsou lektiny?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Lektiny jsou b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e9 se v\u00e1\u017eou na ur\u010dit\u00e9 cukrov\u00e9 struktury na povrchu bun\u011bk. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se v mnoha rostlin\u00e1ch v\u010detn\u011b fazol\u00ed, \u010do\u010dky, obilovin, raj\u010dat a papriky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 rostliny je vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako p\u0159irozenou obranu p\u0159ed hmyzem. Kdy\u017e se \u0161k\u016fdce \u017eiv\u00ed takovou rostlinou, lektiny se nav\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na bu\u0148ky jeho tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu, naru\u0161\u00ed vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin a zpomal\u00ed jeho r\u016fst \u010di rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podobn\u00e9 vlastnosti vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky io jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed v lidsk\u00e9m organismu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 aktivn\u00ed lektiny odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017ealude\u010dn\u00ed kyselin\u011b a tr\u00e1vic\u00ed enzymy je rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. Laboratorn\u00ed pokusy a studie na zv\u00ed\u0159atech uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ovlivnit st\u0159evn\u00ed v\u00fdstelku, vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin a imunitn\u00ed procesy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nejlep\u0161\u00ed zdokumentovan\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed riziko v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed aktivn\u00ed lektiny v syrov\u00fdch nebo nedostate\u010dn\u011b uva\u0159en\u00fdch lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159\u00edkladem je fytohemaglutinin, kter\u00fd se ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch koncentrac\u00edch nach\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v \u010derven\u00e9 fazoli. Jeho po\u017eit\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee vyvolat akutn\u00ed otravu doprov\u00e1zenou nevolnost\u00ed, zvracen\u00edm, bolestmi b\u0159icha a pr\u016fjmem. P\u0159\u00edznaky se obvykle objev\u00ed ji\u017e b\u011bhem jedn\u00e9 a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed hodin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V\u011bdci zkoumaj\u00ed i mo\u017enou roli lektin\u016f p\u0159i z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch a autoimunitn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00edch v\u010detn\u011b revmatoidn\u00ed artritidy. Zat\u00edm v\u0161ak nebylo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 potraviny s jejich obsahem tato onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je rozli\u0161ovat mezi biologicky aktivn\u00edmi lektiny a t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 byly inaktivov\u00e1ny tepelnou \u00fapravou. D\u016fkladn\u00e9 va\u0159en\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inu problematick\u00fdch lektin\u016f v lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch zne\u0161kodnit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u0161ak sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed stejn\u00e9 potraviny stejn\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00fdm lidem zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed lu\u0161t\u011bniny nebo ur\u010dit\u00e9 druhy zeleniny za\u017e\u00edvac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee i po d\u016fkladn\u00e9m uva\u0159en\u00ed. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt samotn\u00e9 lektiny.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">Jste citliv\u00ed na lektiny?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zast\u00e1nci funk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 reaguj\u00ed na lektiny citliv\u011bji, zejm\u00e9na trp\u00ed-li onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi st\u0159ev nebo poruchami imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Do t\u00e9to skupiny za\u0159azuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad lidi se syndromem dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho tra\u010dn\u00edku, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.badatel.net\/ulcerozna-kolitida-a-cronova-choroba\/\"><span dir=\"auto\">Crohnovou chorobou<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> nebo zv\u00fd\u0161enou propustnost\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podle t\u00e9to hypot\u00e9zy mohou aktivn\u00ed lektiny p\u0159i naru\u0161en\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed v\u00fdstelce sn\u00e1ze pronikat do kontaktu s imunitn\u00edmi bu\u0148kami a podporovat z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 reakce. S t\u00edm se poj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky jako nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed, bolesti kloub\u016f, \u00fanava \u010di ko\u017en\u00ed probl\u00e9my.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 propustnost st\u0159eva je zkoum\u00e1n biologick\u00fd jev, ale p\u0159edstava, \u017ee lektiny z b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ipravovan\u00fdch potravin zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, zat\u00edm nem\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 potvrzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nav\u00edc nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed po lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch \u010dasto souvis\u00ed s fermentovateln\u00fdmi sacharidy ze skupiny FODMAP, ne s lektiny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jak tedy zjistit, kter\u00e9 potraviny v\u00e1m p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jedn\u00edm z postup\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch ve funk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b je kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 elimina\u010dn\u00ed dieta s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm postupn\u00fdm za\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00edm jednotliv\u00fdch potravin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nejedn\u00e1 se o klinicky ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd diagnostick\u00fd test citlivosti na lektiny. Takov\u00fd test v sou\u010dasnosti neexistuje. Elimina\u010dn\u00ed dieta v\u0161ak p\u0159i vhodn\u00e9m odborn\u00e9m veden\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sledovat individu\u00e1ln\u00ed toleranci potravin a rozpoznat mo\u017en\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Krok 1: Na 21 dn\u00ed vy\u0159a\u010fte potraviny s vysok\u00fdm obsahem lektin\u016f<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci na funk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00ednu doporu\u010duj\u00ed t\u0159\u00edt\u00fddenn\u00ed elimina\u010dn\u00ed protokol, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho se do\u010dasn\u011b omezuj\u00ed tyto skupiny potravin:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Lu\u0161t\u011bniny: Fazole, \u010do\u010dka, cizrna, hr\u00e1ch, zelen\u00e1 fazolka a ara\u0161\u00eddy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Lilkovit\u00e1 zelenina: Raj\u010data, brambory, lilky a papriky. P\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianty zahrnuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 okurky, d\u00fdn\u011b a cukety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Obiloviny: P\u0161enice, je\u010dmen, \u017eito, oves a kuku\u0159ice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Semena a o\u0159echy: Zejm\u00e9na slune\u010dnicov\u00e1 sem\u00ednka, ke\u0161u o\u0159echy a dal\u0161\u00ed druhy za\u0159azen\u00e9 do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho protokolu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 verze vylu\u010duj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky od zv\u00ed\u0159at krmen\u00fdch obil\u00edm. P\u0159edstava, \u017ee lektiny z krmiva p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed do ml\u00e9ka ve zdravotn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b podlo\u017eena.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">B\u011bhem elimina\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1ze up\u0159ednost\u0148ujte v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 potraviny, kter\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci protokolu povoleny. J\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat listovou a dal\u0161\u00ed ne\u0161krobovou zeleninu, olivov\u00fd olej, avok\u00e1do, ryby, dr\u016fbe\u017e, bobulov\u00e9 ovoce a citrusy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">L\u00e9ka\u0159i funk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee omezen\u00ed problematick\u00fdch potravin spolu s v\u00fd\u017eivnou stravou podporuje obnovu st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tlumit z\u00e1n\u011bt. \u00da\u010dinek samotn\u00e9ho vylou\u010den\u00ed lektin\u016f v\u0161ak nebyl dostate\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Takto rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 dieta nen\u00ed nutn\u00e1 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu zdrav\u00fdch lid\u00ed. P\u0159i chronick\u00fdch st\u0159evn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00edch nebo dlouhodob\u00fdch tr\u00e1vic\u00edch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00edch by m\u011bla prob\u00edhat pod odborn\u00fdm dohledem. Pokud existuje podez\u0159en\u00ed na celiakii, vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed je t\u0159eba absolvovat je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed vy\u0159azen\u00edm lepku.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Krok 2: Postupn\u011b za\u0159azujte jednotliv\u00e9 potraviny zp\u011bt<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Po elimina\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1zi za\u010dn\u011bte potraviny postupn\u011b vracet do j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku. Testujte v\u017edy pouze jednu potravinu nebo skupinu a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i dny sledujte reakce organismu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pozornost v\u011bnujte zejm\u00e9na <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.badatel.net\/prirodzena-ulava-pre-travenie-porazte-naduvanie-a-zapchu-s-tymito-4-druhmi-ovocia\/\"><span dir=\"auto\">nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> , bolestem b\u0159icha, zm\u011bn\u00e1m stolice, \u00fanav\u011b \u010di ko\u017en\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. Objev\u00ed-li se pot\u00ed\u017ee, potravinu do\u010dasn\u011b vynechejte a po\u010dkejte, a\u017e p\u0159\u00edznaky ustoup\u00ed. Pokud ji sn\u00e1\u0161\u00edte dob\u0159e, pokra\u010dujte dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pomoci v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee potravinov\u00fd den\u00edk, do kter\u00e9ho si zaznamen\u00e1te mno\u017estv\u00ed zkonzumovan\u00e9ho j\u00eddla a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 reakce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zlep\u0161en\u00ed po vy\u0159azen\u00ed potraviny v\u0161ak samo o sob\u011b nedokazuje citlivost na lektiny. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou mohou b\u00fdt i jin\u00e9 slo\u017eky, nap\u0159\u00edklad fermentovateln\u00e9 sacharidy nebo lakt\u00f3za.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podobn\u00fd princip vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a op\u011btovn\u00e9ho za\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i p\u0159i odborn\u011b veden\u00e9 diet\u011b s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem FODMAP, jej\u00ed\u017e \u00fa\u010dinnost p\u0159i syndromu dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho tra\u010dn\u00edku podporuj\u00ed klinick\u00e9 studie.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159ipravujete potraviny bohat\u00e9 na lektiny spr\u00e1vn\u011b?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zp\u016fsob p\u0159\u00edpravy potravin z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje biologickou aktivitu lektin\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, va\u0159en\u00ed, fermentace a kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed potraviny sn\u00ed\u017eit jejich aktivitu. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je ov\u0161em d\u016fkladn\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 \u00faprava.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Va\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b dok\u00e1\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inu problematick\u00fdch lektin\u016f inaktivovat. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch lu\u0161t\u011bnin, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u010derven\u00e9 fazole, v\u0161ak pomal\u00e9 du\u0161en\u00ed nemus\u00ed sta\u010dit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pomal\u00fd hrnec proto m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b such\u00fdch \u010derven\u00fdch fazol\u00ed p\u0159edstavovat riziko. N\u011bkter\u00e9 modely nedosahuj\u00ed teplotu pot\u0159ebnou ke spolehliv\u00e9mu zne\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed fytohemaglutininu. Tento lektin m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat aktivn\u00ed i po del\u0161\u00edm zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 85 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">U konzervovan\u00fdch fazol\u00ed tento probl\u00e9m odpad\u00e1. B\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017e pro\u0161la dostate\u010dnou tepelnou \u00fapravou. P\u0159ed konzumac\u00ed ji sta\u010d\u00ed podle pot\u0159eby scedit a opl\u00e1chnout.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159i such\u00fdch fazol\u00edch postupujte n\u00e1sledovn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Krok 1: Namo\u010dte fazole alespo\u0148 na p\u011bt hodin<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Such\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 fazole zalijte dostate\u010dn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm vody a nechte ji namo\u010den\u00e9 nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u011bt hodin, ide\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159es noc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 fazole hydratovat a \u010d\u00e1st lektin\u016f se uvoln\u00ed do vody. Samotn\u00e9 nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed je v\u0161ak spolehliv\u011b nezne\u0161kodn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00ed postupy doporu\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159idat citr\u00f3novou \u0161\u0165\u00e1vu nebo ocet. Neexistuj\u00ed v\u0161ak dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee kysel\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed spolehliv\u011b urychluje inaktivaci lektin\u016f. Nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee zpomalit m\u011bknut\u00ed lu\u0161t\u011bnin.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Krok 2: Vodu slijte a fazole opl\u00e1chn\u011bte<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Po namo\u010den\u00ed vodu vylijte, fazole d\u016fkladn\u011b opl\u00e1chn\u011bte ak va\u0159en\u00ed pou\u017eijte \u010derstvou vodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">T\u00edm odstran\u00edte \u010d\u00e1st l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se b\u011bhem nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed uvolnily.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Krok 3: Fazole d\u016fkladn\u011b uva\u0159te<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">\u010cerven\u00e9 fazole p\u0159ive\u010fte do prudk\u00e9ho varu a va\u0159te je minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 minut p\u0159i teplot\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 \u00b0C. Potom pokra\u010dujte ve va\u0159en\u00ed, dokud nebude \u00fapln\u011b m\u011bkk\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Americk\u00fd <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u00da\u0159ad pro kontrolu potravin a l\u00e9\u010div<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\"> (FDA) doporu\u010duje p\u0159i such\u00e9m \u010derven\u00e9m fazoli nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed alespo\u0148 p\u011bt hodin, vylit\u00ed nam\u00e1\u010dec\u00ed vody a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd var v \u010derstv\u00e9 vod\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 minut.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Alternativou je tlakov\u00fd hrnec, ve kter\u00e9m vysok\u00e1 teplota \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b inaktivuje lektiny. I p\u0159i n\u011bm v\u0161ak dodr\u017eujte doporu\u010denou dobu va\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pomal\u00fd hrnec pou\u017e\u00edvejte a\u017e po p\u0159edchoz\u00edm d\u016fkladn\u00e9m uva\u0159en\u00ed fazol\u00ed nebo do n\u011bj p\u0159idejte ji\u017e hotov\u00e9 konzervovan\u00e9 fazole.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">A co lektiny v zelenin\u011b?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed zast\u00e1nci n\u00edzkolektinov\u00e9 stravy doporu\u010duj\u00ed odstra\u0148ovat slupku a semena z raj\u010dat, okurek a paprik, proto\u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti rostlin obsahuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed koncentrace n\u011bkter\u00fdch lektin\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mno\u017estv\u00ed a biologick\u00e1 aktivita t\u011bchto b\u00edlkovin se v\u0161ak mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi druhy zeleniny v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Neexistuj\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee by v\u011bt\u0161ina zdrav\u00fdch lid\u00ed pot\u0159ebovala tyto druhy zeleniny loupat a zbavovat semen jen pro obavy z lektin\u016f. Slupky nav\u00edc \u010dasto obsahuj\u00ed vl\u00e1kninu a dal\u0161\u00ed hodnotn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud v\u0161ak konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zeleninu l\u00e9pe sn\u00e1\u0161\u00edte bez slupky nebo semen, takov\u00e1 \u00faprava m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt praktick\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">Fermentace a kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed: Dal\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit aktivitu lektin\u016f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Krom\u011b va\u0159en\u00ed existuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bdal\u0161\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed techniky, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed aktivitu lektin\u016f v rostlinn\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159i fermentaci s\u00f3jov\u00fdch bob\u016f na miso, tempeh nebo natto rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed mikroorganismy a jejich enzymy n\u011bkolik slo\u017eky v\u010detn\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch b\u00edlkovin. V z\u00e1vislosti na postupu se t\u00edm sni\u017euje i aktivita lektin\u016f a zlep\u0161uje stravitelnost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podobn\u011b funguje kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed obilovin, lu\u0161t\u011bnin a semen. Aktivuj\u00ed se p\u0159i n\u011bm enzymy, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed obsa\u017een\u00fdch l\u00e1tek au n\u011bkter\u00fdch druh\u016f sni\u017euj\u00ed aktivitu lektin\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed v\u0161ak nenahrazuje bezpe\u010dnou tepelnou \u00fapravu u druh\u016f fazol\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm obsahem toxick\u00fdch lektin\u016f, zejm\u00e9na u \u010derven\u00fdch fazol\u00ed. Tu je t\u0159eba i po nakl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed d\u016fkladn\u011b uva\u0159it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">U ostatn\u00edch nakl\u00ed\u010den\u00fdch lu\u0161t\u011bnin z\u00e1vis\u00ed pot\u0159eba va\u0159en\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm druhu a zp\u016fsobu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Syrov\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dky nav\u00edc p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 riziko bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed kontaminace, zejm\u00e9na pro t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny, seniory a lidi s oslabenou imunitou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Fermentace a kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed jsou proto u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 techniky, nikoli univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1hrada va\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">Pro\u010d v\u00e1s fazole nad\u00fdm\u00e1, i kdy\u017e je spr\u00e1vn\u011b uva\u0159en\u00e1?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mo\u017en\u00e1 jste fazole d\u016fkladn\u011b namo\u010dili i uva\u0159ili, p\u0159esto v\u00e1s po j\u00eddle tr\u00e1p\u00ed nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed a plynatost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee v\u00e1m \u0161kod\u00ed lektiny? Ne nutn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Lu\u0161t\u011bniny obsahuj\u00ed oligosacharidy, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rafin\u00f3zu a stachy\u00f3zu, kter\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 tr\u00e1vic\u00ed enzymy nedok\u00e1\u017eou zcela rozlo\u017eit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tyto sacharidy putuj\u00ed do tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva, kde je fermentuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie. P\u0159i tomto procesu vznikaj\u00ed plyny, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd tlak v b\u0159i\u0161e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee tr\u00e1vic\u00ed trakt se p\u0159i postupn\u00e9m zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmu lu\u0161t\u011bnin \u010dasto dok\u00e1\u017ee l\u00e9pe p\u0159izp\u016fsobit jejich konzumaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 zaznamenaj\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed ji\u017e b\u011bhem jednoho a\u017e dvou t\u00fddn\u016f, u jin\u00fdch trv\u00e1 adaptace d\u00e9le.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud nejste na lu\u0161t\u011bniny zvykl\u00ed, za\u010dn\u011bte mal\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad dv\u011bma a\u017e t\u0159emi pol\u00e9vkov\u00fdmi l\u017e\u00edcemi dob\u0159e uva\u0159en\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky nebo fazol\u00ed. Porce postupn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161ujte dle vlastn\u00ed tolerance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pomoci m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u00e9 nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, v\u00fdm\u011bna nam\u00e1\u010dec\u00ed vody a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed konzervovan\u00fdch lu\u0161t\u011bnin, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ed j\u00eddlem sced\u00edte a opl\u00e1chnete.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159i p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edch m\u00e1 smysl hledat jejich skute\u010dnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu. Lidem se syndromem dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho tra\u010dn\u00edku m\u016f\u017ee prosp\u011bt individu\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e1 dieta s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem sacharid\u016f FODMAP pod odborn\u00fdm veden\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1v\u011br: Lektiny nejsou ani padouchov\u00e9, ani z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Lektiny p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed rozmanitou skupinu b\u00edlkovin a jejich \u00fa\u010dinky z\u00e1vis\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm druhu, mno\u017estv\u00ed i zp\u016fsobu p\u0159\u00edpravy potraviny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Aktivn\u00ed lektiny v syrov\u00e9 nebo nedostate\u010dn\u011b uva\u0159en\u00e9 fazole dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zp\u016fsobit zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. P\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b se v\u0161ak toto riziko v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159\u00edznivci funk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny upozor\u0148uj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bna mo\u017enou roli lektin\u016f p\u0159i individu\u00e1ln\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 citlivosti a z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00edch. Tyto hypot\u00e9zy v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed klinick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 lu\u0161t\u011bniny hodnotnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 stravy. Pokud v\u00e1m zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, hledejte jejich skute\u010dnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu a p\u0159izp\u016fsobte zp\u016fsob p\u0159\u00edpravy \u010di velikost porce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed nen\u00ed jen to, co m\u00e1te na tal\u00ed\u0159i, ale tak\u00e9 to, jak jste j\u00eddlo p\u0159ipravili a jak jej va\u0161e t\u011blo sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Autor: Dr. Hyman, Zdroj: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/drhyman.com\/blogs\/content\/the-truth-about-lectins-villains-or-heroes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">drhyman.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud by se ud\u011blovala cena za nejnepochopen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, lektiny by pat\u0159ily mezi hlavn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ty&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":116165,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[11668,2554,21,4478],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116164"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116164\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/116165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}