{"id":114925,"date":"2026-09-04T00:15:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T22:15:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=114925"},"modified":"2026-09-03T12:13:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T10:13:07","slug":"exodus-ktery-si-izrael-nemuze-dovolit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/09\/04\/exodus-ktery-si-izrael-nemuze-dovolit\/","title":{"rendered":"Exodus, kter\u00fd si Izrael nem\u016f\u017ee dovolit"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Nov\u00e1 izraelsk\u00e1 data ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee mezi ob\u010dany sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmi k v\u00fdchod\u016fm st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji pat\u0159\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, techni\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci a da\u0148ov\u00ed poplatn\u00edci s vysok\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy, na kter\u00fdch z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e1 ekonomika okupa\u010dn\u00edho st\u00e1tu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V \u010dasn\u00fdch rann\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 7. \u0159\u00edjna 2023 si izraelsk\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159 identifikovan\u00fd pouze jako Asaf rezervoval letenky pro sebe, svou man\u017eelku a jejich dv\u011b dcery. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den rodina nastoupila na let do Berl\u00edna, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e s sebou m\u011bla pouze p\u0159\u00edru\u010dn\u00ed zavazadla. Co za\u010dalo jako nouzov\u00fd v\u00fdchod, se stalo trval\u00fdm. O dva roky pozd\u011bji se u\u017e nevr\u00e1tili.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asaf\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u010dasopisu +972 Magazine<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0\u0159ekl , \u017ee u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee se izraelsk\u00fd vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed a zdravotn\u00ed syst\u00e9m zhor\u0161uje. Toho r\u00e1na v\u0161ak zni\u010dilo jeho zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve st\u00e1t a jeho arm\u00e1du: \u201eOdpoledne 7. \u0159\u00edjna jsme pochopili, \u017ee ani tohle nen\u00ed pravda.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed trend. Izrael ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00ed jeho nemocnice, in\u017een\u00fdry, kte\u0159\u00ed udr\u017euj\u00ed jeho technologick\u00fd sektor, akademiky, kte\u0159\u00ed reprodukuj\u00ed jeho v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kapacity, a da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed financuj\u00ed jeho v\u00e1lky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edsla, kter\u00e1 se Izrael sna\u017e\u00ed definovat<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Emigrace je v rozporu s sionistick\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee Izrael nab\u00edz\u00ed \u017did\u016fm bezpe\u010d\u00ed a trvalost. Samotn\u00e1 hebrej\u0161tina toto nap\u011bt\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed: imigrace je alija neboli \u201ev\u00fdstup\u201c, zat\u00edmco emigrace je jerida \u2013 \u201esestup\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie Tel Avivsk\u00e9 univerzity ze srpna 2026<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zalo\u017een\u00e1 na datech \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu, zjistila, \u017ee v roce 2025 z\u016fstalo v zahrani\u010d\u00ed alespo\u0148 t\u0159i po sob\u011b jdouc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce 90 922 izraelsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, oproti 91 499 v roce 2024 a 86 509 v roce 2023. Celkem mezi lety 2023 a 2025 ode\u0161lo na alespo\u0148 t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce 268 509 Izraelc\u016f \u2013 o 47 procent v\u00edce ne\u017e v letech 2013\u20132015.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 trval\u00e9 migraci. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u0161ak zjistili korelaci 0,96 mezi t\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edmi odjezdy a pobytem v zahrani\u010d\u00ed po dobu alespo\u0148 jednoho roku. Na tomto z\u00e1klad\u011b odhadli, \u017ee jen v roce 2025 se 45 000\u201350 000 Izraelc\u016f stalo dlouhodob\u00fdmi emigranty.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010casopis +972<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed a v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fadaje\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee dlouhodob\u00fd sou\u010det za dva roky p\u0159ekro\u010dil 150 000 a od vzniku sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy izraelsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Benjamina Netanjahua mohl p\u0159ekro\u010dit 200 000.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izraelsk\u00fd\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>N\u00e1rodn\u00ed institut poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ozn\u00e1mil v roce 2025 35 625 ukon\u010den\u00ed pobytu; 6 651 z nich bylo po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1no dobrovoln\u011b. Toto administrativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed nen\u00ed ani po\u010dtem p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ztr\u00e1ty ob\u010danstv\u00ed, ani jasn\u00fdm ukazatelem trval\u00e9 emigrace, ale ukazuje, \u017ee tis\u00edce lid\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u011b uvol\u0148ovaly sv\u00e9 vazby na st\u00e1t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sledujte da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Izraelsk\u00fd da\u0148ov\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad zdokumentoval hlub\u0161\u00ed demografick\u00fd a fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed posun. Do roku 2019 vyd\u011bl\u00e1vali emigranti p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na \u00farovni celost\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u016fm\u011bru. Do roku 2024 dos\u00e1hl jejich pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem p\u0159ed odjezdem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 200 000 \u0161ekel\u016f \u2013 o 50 procent v\u00edce ne\u017e celost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br a v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch o 60 procent v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak uvedli auto\u0159i studie: \u201eTempo emigrace mezi siln\u00fdmi a bohat\u00fdmi vrstvami se zv\u00fd\u0161ilo, zat\u00edmco mezi slab\u0161\u00edmi vrstvami z\u016fstalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezm\u011bn\u011bno.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle hebrejsky psan\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho den\u00edku\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Calcalist<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0se m\u00edra odchodu mezi nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdm decilem Izraele zv\u00fd\u0161ila z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,3 procenta v letech 2015\u20132019 na v\u00edce ne\u017e 0,5 procenta v letech 2023\u20132024 \u2013 co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o zhruba 80 procent.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Tento decil p\u0159edstavoval\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>67 procent<\/span><\/a> kombinovan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu emigrant\u016f a 86 procent dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu, kterou zaplatili p\u0159ed odchodem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s obdob\u00edm 2015\u20132019 se po\u010det lid\u00ed opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch high-tech odv\u011btv\u00ed v letech 2023\u20132024 zv\u00fd\u0161il p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 150 procent, zat\u00edmco po\u010det lid\u00ed opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch zdravotnictv\u00ed se v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobil. Mezi lidmi ve v\u011bku 40\u201350 let se pod\u00edl dosp\u011bl\u00fdch emigrant\u016f zv\u00fd\u0161il z 13 na 20 procent a jejich kombinovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem p\u0159ed odchodem se ztrojn\u00e1sobil na 2,7 miliardy \u0161ekel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaveden\u00ed profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b mlad\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00edci na za\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry, si st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed sv\u00e9 dovednosti, rodiny, \u00faspory a kapit\u00e1l do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Po\u010det osob hl\u00e1s\u00edc\u00edch zahrani\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159evody p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 500 000 \u0161ekel\u016f se v letech 2023\u20132024 \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Nov\u00e1 geografie exitu<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistiky zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed absenci spolehliv\u011bji ne\u017e c\u00edlovou destinaci, ale je patrn\u00e1 nov\u00e1 geografie.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed den\u00edku\u00a0<\/a><\/span>Haaretz<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0zjistilo rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vku po p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed do Portugalska, na Kypr a do dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Kypr se pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 stal z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1kladnou: v prvn\u00edch dnech po povodni operace Al-Aks\u00e1 7. \u0159\u00edjna 2023\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>agentura Reuters<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0informovala, \u017ee tam vyhledalo \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 500 Izraelc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0158ecko je dal\u0161\u00ed destinac\u00ed. Podle\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>den\u00edku Le Monde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u0159eck\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady ozn\u00e1mily p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 70% n\u00e1r\u016fst \u201ezlat\u00fdch v\u00edz\u201c vydan\u00fdch Izraelc\u016fm po operaci Al-Aks\u00e1. Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u00edzum nebo koup\u011b nemovitosti se st\u00e1v\u00e1 trvalou migrac\u00ed, ale ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed sni\u017euje informa\u010dn\u00ed, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed rodina zva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed odjezd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1klady zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1kladny<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed kohorta, kter\u00e1 emigrovala v letech 2023 a 2024, zaplatila p\u0159ed odjezdem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,2 miliardy \u0161ekel\u016f na dani z p\u0159\u00edjmu, ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500 miliony \u0161ekel\u016f u kohort p\u0159ed rokem 2019. Da\u0148ov\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad odhaduje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 700 milion\u016f \u0161ekel\u016f na kohortu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed emigranti si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 bydli\u0161t\u011b, ale pokud se nahromad\u00ed podobn\u00e9 kohorty, mohly by se ro\u010dn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy do p\u011bti let p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit 3,5 miliard\u011b \u0161ekel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izraelsk\u00fd high-tech sektor produkuje zhruba p\u011btinu HDP, v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu exportu a asi t\u0159etinu dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu. Poskytuje tak\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 znalosti v oblasti kybernetick\u00e9 inteligence a vojensk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Trval\u00fd odliv by mohl oslabit jak komer\u010dn\u00ed inovace, tak i schopnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem izraelsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed doktr\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izraelsk\u00e1 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e1 ekonomika se siln\u011b op\u00edr\u00e1 o relativn\u011b malou, vysoce produktivn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st populace, a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee izraelsk\u00e1 politika tla\u010d\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u00edce t\u011bchto pracovn\u00edk\u016f a da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Jejich odchod zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nesou rostouc\u00ed fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed a vojenskou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izraelsk\u00e1 banka<\/span><\/a>\u00a0samostatn\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>varovala, \u017ee n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast mu\u017e\u016f z \u0159ad haredi na trhu pr\u00e1ce a pot\u0159eba roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it vojenskou slu\u017ebu z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi probl\u00e9my.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 je relokace tich\u00fdm politick\u00fdm sta\u017een\u00edm se z domova \u2013 hlasem proti st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd je st\u00e1le v\u00edce definov\u00e1n n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou polarizac\u00ed a permanentn\u00ed mobilizac\u00ed. Ekonom Itai Ater varuje: \u201ePokud nedojde ke zm\u011bn\u011b, emigrace by se mohla zv\u00fd\u0161it zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd ohroz\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a ekonomiku Izraele.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

St\u00e1t se sna\u017e\u00ed koupit si \u010das<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

V b\u0159eznu 2026 schv\u00e1lil finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdbor Knesetu\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>postupn\u00e9 p\u011btilet\u00e9 osvobozen\u00ed od dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pro opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 imigranty a dlouhodob\u011b se vracej\u00edc\u00ed rezidenty. Strop dos\u00e1hne v letech 2027 a 2028 jednoho milionu \u0161ekel\u016f; ministerstvo financ\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u011b odhadlo p\u011btilet\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na 560 milion\u016f \u0161ekel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b toto opat\u0159en\u00ed podporuje imigraci a r\u016fst. V praxi v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 odhaluje rozsah obav: Izrael ztr\u00e1c\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 si m\u016f\u017ee nejm\u00e9n\u011b dovolit ztratit, a mus\u00ed zaplatit pr\u00e9mii za jejich obnoven\u00ed nebo nahrazen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Da\u0148ov\u00e9 pob\u00eddky nemohou snadno kompenzovat vleklou v\u00e1lku, opakovanou mobilizaci z\u00e1loh, politickou nestabilitu, institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed polarizaci nebo st\u00e1le v\u00edce militarizovanou budoucnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fyzick\u00e9 \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 v\u00e1lkou lze opravit pen\u011bzi. Budovy lze rekonstruovat a zbran\u011b dopl\u0148ovat. Ale kdy\u017e st\u00e1t ztrat\u00ed lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed jeho technologie, provozuj\u00ed jeho nemocnice, obsazuj\u00ed person\u00e1l na univerzit\u00e1ch a financuj\u00ed jeho arm\u00e1du, \u0161kody se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed kumulativn\u00edmi a struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdmi ztr\u00e1tami Izraele mohou b\u00fdt nakonec lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ti\u0161e dojdou k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee jejich budoucnost le\u017e\u00ed jinde.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kamran Yeganegi<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 izraelsk\u00e1 data ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee mezi ob\u010dany sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmi k v\u00fdchod\u016fm st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji pat\u0159\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114926,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[11568,107,1748],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114925"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114925"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114925\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114926"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}