{"id":114644,"date":"2026-09-01T00:30:26","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T22:30:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=114644"},"modified":"2026-08-31T17:07:58","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T15:07:58","slug":"washington-nuti-venezuelu-uhradit-naklady-na-invazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/09\/01\/washington-nuti-venezuelu-uhradit-naklady-na-invazi\/","title":{"rendered":"Washington nut\u00ed Venezuelu uhradit n\u00e1klady na invazi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u0159\u00edjmy z v\u00fdvozu venezuelsk\u00e9 ropy plynou p\u0159es \u00fa\u010dty spravovan\u00e9 americk\u00fdm ministerstvem financ\u00ed. Koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1va ve Washingtonu pot\u00e9 p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1v\u00e1 rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti z Caracasu, rozhoduje o uvoln\u011bn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a kontroluje p\u0159\u00edstup k t\u00e9to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed exportn\u00ed komodit\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po vojensk\u00e9 invazi do Caracasu 3. ledna 2026, kter\u00e1 si vy\u017e\u00e1dala des\u00edtky ob\u011bt\u00ed, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty prom\u011bnily venezuelsk\u00fd ropn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v lukrativn\u00ed zdroj p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f pro Washington. Venezuelsk\u00fd ekonom profesor Francisco Rodr\u00edguez, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk z americk\u00e9ho Centra pro ekonomick\u00fd a politick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum (CEPR),\u00a0<\/span>vysv\u011btlil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Trumpova administrativa fakturovala Venezuele 4,7 miliardy dolar\u016f \u2013 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 32 procent leto\u0161n\u00edho v\u00fdvozu ropy zem\u011b \u2013 s tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee to m\u011blo pokr\u00fdt n\u00e1klady na americkou invazi. Tyto pen\u00edze USA vybraly je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e platby za v\u00fdvoz ropy v\u016fbec dorazily na venezuelsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty.<\/span><\/p>\n

To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e9 platby za v\u00fdvoz venezuelsk\u00e9 ropy jdou p\u0159\u00edmo Trumpov\u011b administrativ\u011b a pot\u00e9 jsou rozd\u011bleny mezi r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjemce. Letos se v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f do Venezuely nedostala, p\u0159esto\u017ee zem\u011b v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u010del\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9mu \u00fakolu zm\u00edrnit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky ni\u010div\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00a0<\/span>rozhovoru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e zve\u0159ejnil\u00a0<\/span>Drop Site News<\/span><\/em> , vysv\u011btlil Luigi Pisella, \u010dlen venezuelsk\u00e9 Komise pro ve\u0159ejn\u00fd majetek, \u010d\u00edsla za prvn\u00ed polovinu roku 2026. Zem\u011b vygenerovala hrub\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy z ropy ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 14,7 miliard dolar\u016f. Venezuelsk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu v\u0161ak z\u016fstalo pouze asi 7 miliard dolar\u016f. Zbytek byl absorbov\u00e1n spl\u00e1tkami dluhu spole\u010dnosti Chevron, v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi a provozn\u00edmi n\u00e1klady a odpo\u010dty souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi se sm\u011bnn\u00fdmi kurzy v r\u00e1mci ropn\u00e9 dohody spravovan\u00e9 USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pisella konkr\u00e9tn\u011b zm\u00ednil \u201eblokaci n\u00e1klad\u016f stanovenou USA\u201c ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4,7 miliardy dolar\u016f na n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s americkou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed blok\u00e1dou Venezuely na konci roku 2025 a n\u00e1slednou vojenskou operac\u00ed v Caracasu. S\u00e1m prezident Donald Trump uvedl, \u017ee tyto v\u00fddaje byly pokryty 40 a\u017e 60 miliony barel\u016f ropy. Po ode\u010dten\u00ed t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky, jako\u017e i dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f a \u00faprav sm\u011bnn\u00fdch kurz\u016f, \u010dinila \u010dist\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka, kterou zem\u011b obdr\u017eela, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 7 miliard dolar\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Profesor Rodr\u00edguez zd\u016fraz\u0148uje rozsah probl\u00e9mu historick\u00fdm srovn\u00e1n\u00edm. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 reparace po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, kter\u00e9 se do hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u011bjin zapsaly jako obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, p\u0159edstavovaly v letech 1924 a\u017e 1931 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 13 procent celkov\u00e9ho n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho exportu. Washington si nyn\u00ed bere v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobek tohoto procenta, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b 32 procent, z celkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z exportu venezuelsk\u00e9 ropy, je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e se pen\u00edze dostanou do Caracasu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rodr\u00edguez je vedouc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edkem v CEPR a profesorem a pracovn\u00edkem na Korbel School of International Studies na Univerzit\u011b v Denveru. Rodil\u00fd Venezuelan je tak\u00e9 zakladatelem Oil for Venezuela, neziskov\u00e9 organizace zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed venezuelsk\u00e9 humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed krize.<\/span><\/p>\n

24. \u010dervna 2026 zas\u00e1hla severn\u00ed Venezuelu dv\u011b siln\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 7,2 a 7,5 stup\u0148\u016f Richterovy \u0161k\u00e1ly. Tis\u00edce lid\u00ed zem\u0159ely, statis\u00edce byly zran\u011bny nebo p\u0159i\u0161ly o domov a infrastruktura \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v La Guai\u0159e a Caracasu \u2013 utrp\u011bla obrovsk\u00e9 \u0161kody. Odhady p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch \u0161kod se pohybuj\u00ed v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch miliard dolar\u016f. Obnova vy\u017eaduje obrovsk\u00e9 zdroje, zat\u00edmco zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z ropy z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pod kontrolou a spr\u00e1vou USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po zlo\u010dinn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 operaci \u201eAbsolutn\u00ed odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e byl legitimn\u00ed prezident Nicol\u00e1s Maduro unesen americk\u00fdmi jednotkami a odvezen ze zem\u011b, se \u00fa\u0159adu prozat\u00edmn\u00ed prezidentky ujala Delcy Rodr\u00edguezov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 je dnes pova\u017eov\u00e1na za americkou kolaborantku.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA od t\u00e9 doby vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou finan\u010dn\u00ed kontrolu. P\u0159\u00edjmy z v\u00fdvozu ropy prot\u00e9kaj\u00ed p\u0159es \u00fa\u010dty monitorovan\u00e9 americk\u00fdm ministerstvem financ\u00ed. Podle\u00a0<\/span>Financial Times<\/span><\/em>\u00a0pro\u0161lo do konce \u010dervence 2026 p\u0159es struktury kontrolovan\u00e9 USA v\u00edce ne\u017e 13 miliard dolar\u016f z prodeje venezuelsk\u00e9 ropy. Ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 p\u0159evody do Caracasu byly v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed; venezuelsk\u00e9 port\u00e1ly transparentnosti ob\u010das ukazovaly pouze jednotliv\u00e9 transakce. Rodr\u00edguez ji\u017e v \u010dervenci zpochybnil, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed tento mnohamiliardov\u00fd nesoulad. Mezi mo\u017en\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed platby partner\u016fm ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m podniku, prioritn\u00ed spl\u00e1cen\u00ed star\u00fdch dluh\u016f v\u016f\u010di nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edm korporac\u00edm nebo zadr\u017een\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

V tomto zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm konstruktu americk\u00e9ho protektor\u00e1tu bez form\u00e1ln\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy Washington posuzuje rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti z Caracasu, rozhoduje o uvoln\u011bn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a kontroluje p\u0159\u00edstup k nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed exportn\u00ed komodit\u011b zem\u011b. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se zvy\u0161uje objem produkce a st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl produkce se zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 v americk\u00fdch rafin\u00e9ri\u00edch. Americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako Chevron a Hunt Oil, stejn\u011b jako poskytovatel\u00e9 slu\u017eeb jako SLB, roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 aktivity. Odp\u016frci tohoto v\u00fdvoje argumentuj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159evod kontroly nad ropn\u00fdmi rezervami zem\u011b a jejich p\u0159\u00edjmy na USA byl dosa\u017een pod vojensk\u00fdm n\u00e1tlakem, za pohr\u016f\u017eky zbran\u00ed a je proti\u00fastavn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkorumpovan\u00e1 prozat\u00edmn\u00ed Rodr\u00edguezova vl\u00e1da v\u0161ak funguje podle hesla \u201eLeg\u00e1ln\u00ed, neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed, koho to zaj\u00edm\u00e1?\u201c a ve\u0159ejn\u011b si libuje v progn\u00f3z\u00e1ch st\u00e1le rostouc\u00edch dolarov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, proto\u017ee budouc\u00ed investice by mohly do st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladny p\u0159in\u00e9st da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy v \u0159\u00e1du stovek miliard.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diskuse na toto t\u00e9ma se dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenity. Zem\u011b s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi prok\u00e1zan\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobami ropy na sv\u011bt\u011b op\u011bt generuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy z exportu, ale podle venezuelsk\u00fdch a nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch pozorovatel\u016f se zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k financov\u00e1n\u00ed intervence, kter\u00e1 tuto kontrolu v\u016fbec umo\u017enila. Zat\u00edmco ob\u011bti zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed \u010dekaj\u00ed na rekonstrukci a venezuelsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ciz\u00ed m\u011bnu ke stabilizaci sm\u011bnn\u00e9ho kurzu v\u016f\u010di dolaru, p\u0159esn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed t\u011bchto miliard z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ne\u00fapln\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1no.<\/span><\/p>\n

Profesor Rodr\u00edguez ve sv\u00e9m srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s repara\u010dn\u00edmi platbami V\u00fdmarsk\u00e9 republiky se zam\u011b\u0159uje pr\u00e1v\u011b na tento bod: Vysok\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba exportn\u00ed s\u00edly b\u011bhem obdob\u00ed existen\u010dn\u00edch rekonstruk\u010dn\u00edch pot\u0159eb zat\u011b\u017euje ekonomick\u00e9 o\u017eiven\u00ed a politickou autonomii. Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce uk\u00e1\u017eou, zda ozn\u00e1men\u00e9 investice a uvoln\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b pos\u00edl\u00ed venezuelsk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed rozpo\u010det v rozsahu, kter\u00fd nazna\u010duj\u00ed hrub\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy \u2013 nebo zda se 32procentn\u00ed kv\u00f3ta stane trvalou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nov\u00e9ho venezuelsk\u00e9ho ropn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od Rainera Ruppa<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edjmy z v\u00fdvozu venezuelsk\u00e9 ropy plynou p\u0159es \u00fa\u010dty spravovan\u00e9 americk\u00fdm ministerstvem financ\u00ed. Koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1va ve…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[45,1900,37,181],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114644"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}