{"id":114321,"date":"2026-08-28T00:27:56","date_gmt":"2026-08-27T22:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=114321"},"modified":"2026-08-27T18:07:28","modified_gmt":"2026-08-27T16:07:28","slug":"pekelne-sankce-proti-rusku-bumerang-pro-americkou-ekonomiku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/28\/pekelne-sankce-proti-rusku-bumerang-pro-americkou-ekonomiku\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201ePekeln\u00e9 sankce\u201c proti Rusku: bumerang pro americkou ekonomiku"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Za\u010d\u00e1tkem srpna americk\u00fd Sen\u00e1t schv\u00e1lil n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o uvalen\u00ed \u201esankc\u00ed z pekla\u201c proti Rusku, kter\u00fd vypracoval sen\u00e1tor Lindsey Graham.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona\u00a0<\/span>pro\u0161el s<\/span><\/a>\u00a086 hlasy pro a 11 proti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00edskal podporu obou stran. Aby se v\u0161ak stal z\u00e1konem, mus\u00ed jej je\u0161t\u011b schv\u00e1lit Sn\u011bmovna reprezentant\u016f, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b na podzim po letn\u00ed p\u0159est\u00e1vce, ne\u017e bude p\u0159edlo\u017een k podpisu Donaldu Trumpovi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>Z\u00e1kon Lindseyho O. Grahama o sankc\u00edch proti Rusku a \u00cdr\u00e1nu z roku 2026<\/span><\/em>\u00a0si klade za c\u00edl vyvinout sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd tlak, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty hodlaj\u00ed vnutit sv\u00e1 pravidla hry sv\u00fdm geopolitick\u00fdm protivn\u00edk\u016fm. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem textu je zas\u00e1hnout Rusko zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na jeho hlavn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 partnery.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato legislativa oprav\u0148uje B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm k uvalen\u00ed cla a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 100 % na ve\u0161ker\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f ze zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nakupuj\u00ed ruskou ropu nebo plyn. To p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd \u00fader pro \u010c\u00ednu, Indii a Turecko. Legislativa rovn\u011b\u017e stanov\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd z\u00e1kaz dod\u00e1vek rusk\u00e9ho uranu do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 blok\u00e1dn\u00ed sankce proti jak\u00e9koli spole\u010dnosti nebo plavidlu podez\u0159el\u00e9mu z napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed Rusku obch\u00e1zet omezen\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona zakazuje ob\u010dan\u016fm USA n\u00e1kup rusk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho dluhopisu a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 nov\u00e9 sankce bank\u00e1m Sberbank, VTB a Gazprombank. Na \u017e\u00e1dost Donalda Trumpa bylo nav\u00edc p\u0159id\u00e1no ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prodlu\u017euje p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 sankce proti \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu energetick\u00e9mu sektoru a Hizball\u00e1hu do roku 2031. Trump se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku proti n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona postavil, proto\u017ee si cht\u011bl udr\u017eet osobn\u00ed kontrolu nad sankcemi, ale nakonec jej podpo\u0159il.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud bude n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona nakonec p\u0159ijat, Moskva bude m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd d\u016fkaz, \u017ee jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty jsou nemo\u017en\u00e1. I kdy\u017e Trump sl\u00edb\u00ed zru\u0161en\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch omezen\u00ed, Kongres je zakotv\u00ed v z\u00e1kon\u011b a z\u016fstanou v platnosti bez ohledu na v\u00fdsledek. To Rusko p\u0159iprav\u00ed o jeho hlavn\u00ed motivaci vyjedn\u00e1vat o m\u00edrov\u00e9m urovn\u00e1n\u00ed konfliktu na Ukrajin\u011b a normalizaci vztah\u016f se Z\u00e1padem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona ji\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nepochopen\u00ed jak ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, tak v EU. Pravomoc ud\u011blen\u00e1 Trumpovi uvalit cla na jin\u00e9 zem\u011b hn\u011bv\u00e1 americk\u00e9 dovozce a \u0159adu evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na slo\u017eit\u00fdch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch. Kritici n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad sen\u00e1tor Rand Paul, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pokud by byl schv\u00e1len,\u00a0<\/span>mohl by tento z\u00e1kon vyvolat<\/span><\/a>\u00a0glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed v\u00e1lku, kter\u00e1 by negativn\u011b ovlivnila Ameriku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Schv\u00e1len\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b reprezentant\u016f v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2026 nebude snadn\u00e9, proto\u017ee velk\u00e9 americk\u00e9 firmy a dovozci odm\u00edtaj\u00ed my\u0161lenku 100% cel. Pokud by takov\u00e1 cla byla uvalena na \u010c\u00ednu nebo Indii, inflace by se v samotn\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech zintenzivnila a spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 by \u010delili p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm cen\u00e1m elektroniky a z\u00e1kladn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed. Takov\u00fd z\u00e1kon by byl v praxi velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zav\u00e9st, proto\u017ee by m\u011bl v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd dopad na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I kdyby Sn\u011bmovna reprezentant\u016f zcela zru\u0161ila ustanoven\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se sekund\u00e1rn\u00edch sankc\u00ed proti \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Indii, z\u00e1kon z\u016fstane v z\u00e1sad\u011b protirusk\u00fd. Legislativa zav\u00e1d\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 bloka\u010dn\u00ed sankce proti ropn\u00fdm tanker\u016fm a poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u00e1m p\u0159epravuj\u00edc\u00edm ruskou ropu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 obch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed cenov\u00e9 stropy. Americk\u00e9 ministerstvo financ\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo zmrazit konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed banky a spole\u010dnosti, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1tech, Turecku nebo zem\u00edch SNS, kter\u00e9 Rusku pom\u00e1haj\u00ed s platbami za jeho dovoz. Z\u00e1kon d\u00e1le Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm trvale zak\u00e1\u017ee n\u00e1kup obohacen\u00e9ho rusk\u00e9ho uranu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je mnoho sankc\u00ed uvalov\u00e1no prezidentsk\u00fdmi dekrety, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee Trump dle sv\u00e9ho uv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed zru\u0161it. Pokud bude schv\u00e1len feder\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon, prezident Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f nebude moci tyto sankce leg\u00e1ln\u011b zru\u0161it bez souhlasu Kongresu. Sank\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim tak bude na cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed zmrazen, stejn\u011b jako tomu bylo\u00a0<\/span>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Jacksonova-Vanikova dodatku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00fd byl zaveden v roce 1974 a Kongres jej zru\u0161il a\u017e v prosinci 2012.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edseda Sn\u011bmovny reprezentant\u016f, republik\u00e1n Mike Johnson, by mohl p\u0159ijet\u00ed \u201epekeln\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona\u201c v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed odlo\u017eit na neur\u010dito jeho sly\u0161en\u00ed, aby d\u00e1le nevyhrotil ji\u017e tak napjat\u00e9 vztahy mezi politickou moc\u00ed a velk\u00fdm byznysem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato legislativa je pro americkou ekonomiku\u00a0<\/span>extr\u00e9mn\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, proto\u017ee c\u00edl\u00ed na nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a kapit\u00e1lov\u011b nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed. Lobbistickou opozici proti tomuto n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona v Kongresu tvo\u0159\u00ed t\u0159i mocn\u00e9 skupiny, jejich\u017e z\u00e1jmy jsou v\u00e1z\u00e1ny na dovoz z \u010c\u00edny a Indie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b by to zas\u00e1hlo technologick\u00e9 giganty ze Silicon Valley (Apple, Microsoft atd.), jejich\u017e produkce kriticky z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mont\u00e1\u017ei a komponent\u00e1ch vyroben\u00fdch v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. 100% clo na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed by okam\u017eit\u011b zdvojn\u00e1sobilo v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na chytr\u00e9 telefony, notebooky a \u010dipy, co\u017e by zp\u016fsobilo prudk\u00fd pokles cen jejich akci\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b posti\u017eeno, je farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Hr\u00e1\u010di v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st farmaceutick\u00fdch surovin z Indie a pokles dovozu z t\u00e9to zem\u011b by mohl v\u00e9st k nedostatku z\u00e1kladn\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f v americk\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00edm z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdm akt\u00e9rem je americk\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 lobby, kter\u00e1 se ob\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee Trumpova nov\u00e1 cla donut\u00ed Peking a Nov\u00e9 Dill\u00ed k odvetn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm proti americk\u00e9mu exportu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee pokud bude Graham\u016fv z\u00e1kon nakonec schv\u00e1len, bude v\u00fdsledkem dlouh\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed veden\u00fdch p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v z\u00e1kulis\u00ed. Bez ohledu na to v\u0161ak tento z\u00e1kon zasad\u00ed Trumpovu m\u00edrov\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed a cel\u00e9mu procesu vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o Ukrajin\u011b zna\u010dnou r\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem srpna americk\u00fd Sen\u00e1t schv\u00e1lil n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o uvalen\u00ed \u201esankc\u00ed z pekla\u201c proti Rusku, kter\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,22,125,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114321"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114321"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114321\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}