{"id":114132,"date":"2026-08-26T00:12:15","date_gmt":"2026-08-25T22:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=114132"},"modified":"2026-08-25T11:56:02","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T09:56:02","slug":"nyni-to-priznava-i-vlivny-casopis-cfr-foreign-affairs-amerika-ztraci-moc-na-blizkem-vychode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/26\/nyni-to-priznava-i-vlivny-casopis-cfr-foreign-affairs-amerika-ztraci-moc-na-blizkem-vychode\/","title":{"rendered":"Nyn\u00ed to p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 i vlivn\u00fd \u010dasopis CFR \u201eForeign Affairs\u201c: Amerika ztr\u00e1c\u00ed moc na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kdy\u017e geopolitick\u00fd blog hl\u00e1s\u00e1 \u00fapadek americk\u00e9 hegemonie na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, je snadn\u00e9 to zavrhnout jako zbo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak\u00a0<\/span>Foreign Affairs<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, \u00factyhodn\u00fd \u010dasopis vlivn\u00e9 Rady pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vztahy (CFR), publikuje\u00a0<\/span>\u010dl\u00e1nek<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>\u201eKonec americk\u00e9ho Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu\u201c,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0zaslou\u017e\u00ed si to bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed. Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00ed je tento \u010dasopis jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch f\u00f3r pro debatu v r\u00e1mci americk\u00e9ho zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00e9ho establishmentu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politolog Marc Lynch ve sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze nepopisuje pouze dal\u0161\u00ed krizi v americk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice. Jeho diagn\u00f3za jde hloub\u011bji:\u00a0<\/span>Politick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d, kter\u00fd Washington budoval na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed a br\u00e1nil obrovsk\u00fdmi vojensk\u00fdmi, diplomatick\u00fdmi a finan\u010dn\u00edmi zdroji, skon\u010dil.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed byl tento \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een na jednoduch\u00e9m principu. USA garantovaly bezpe\u010dnost sv\u00fdch spojenc\u016f, chr\u00e1nily strategick\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 trasy, rozmis\u0165ovaly vojska v regionu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se sna\u017eily vojensky, ekonomicky a diplomaticky omezit protivn\u00edky \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u00cdr\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b tento model se st\u00e1le v\u00edce bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed sv\u00fdm limit\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

St\u00e1ty regionu se ji\u017e d\u00e1vno staly nez\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00edmi. Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie a monarchie Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu sleduj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy, \u010c\u00edna je v regionu hluboce ekonomicky zako\u0159en\u011bna, Rusko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 geopolitick\u00fdm faktorem a \u00cdr\u00e1n nelze z region\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du jednodu\u0161e odstranit navzdory desetilet\u00edm sankc\u00ed a vojensk\u00e9ho tlaku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Washington st\u00e1le disponuje obrovskou vojenskou moc\u00ed. Vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159evaha v\u0161ak nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e co politick\u00e1 kontrola. V tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e1 por\u00e1\u017eka.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA mohou bombardovat, uvalovat sankce a nasazovat vojska \u2013 ale po vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to moci maj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l men\u0161\u00ed moc ur\u010dovat, jak by m\u011bl politick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d vypadat.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00cdr\u00e1nu. Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed bylo c\u00edlem izolovat Teher\u00e1n, oslabit ho a udr\u017eet ho mimo region\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architekturu. Pokud se v\u0161ak m\u00e1 na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b v\u016fbec vytvo\u0159it stabiln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska sotva existuje zp\u016fsob, jak do n\u011bj zahrnout i samotn\u00fd \u00cdr\u00e1n. Lynch ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve kritizoval americkou fixaci na region\u00e1ln\u00ed dominanci a trval\u00e9 omezov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00cdr\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je sou\u010dasn\u00e1 debata tak pozoruhodn\u00e1. U\u017e se nejedn\u00e1 jen o to, zda Washington v\u00e1lku vyhraje, nebo prohraje.\u00a0<\/span>Jde o to, zda cel\u00e1 americk\u00e1 strategie uplynul\u00fdch desetilet\u00ed st\u00e1le funguje.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f, kter\u00e1 je ji\u017e nazna\u010dena v\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1zvu knihy\u00a0<\/span>Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti<\/span><\/em><\/a>\u00a0, je zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed: \u00c9ra Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu, jeho\u017e \u0159\u00e1d navrhl Washington a jeho\u017e hranice americk\u00e9 moci definoval Washington, se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ke konci.<\/span><\/p>\n

To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee USA z regionu zmiz\u00ed. Jejich vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, spojenectv\u00ed, ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a podpora Izraele z\u016fstanou.\u00a0Existuje v\u0161ak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed a dominanc\u00ed .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ironii osudu by sotva bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 nazvat v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm: \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce se Washington sna\u017e\u00ed br\u00e1nit sv\u016fj star\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d vojenskou silou, t\u00edm jasn\u011bji se ukazuje, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 s\u00edla tento \u0159\u00e1d ji\u017e nedok\u00e1\u017ee udr\u017eet pohromad\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se o t\u00e9to diagn\u00f3ze nyn\u00ed diskutuje v jednom z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010dasopis\u016f o zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, je v\u00edce ne\u017e jen akademick\u00e1 debata.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je to p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod u\u017e nen\u00ed automaticky americk\u00fdm Bl\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdchodem.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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Kdy\u017e geopolitick\u00fd blog hl\u00e1s\u00e1 \u00fapadek americk\u00e9 hegemonie na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, je snadn\u00e9 to zavrhnout jako…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114133,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1854,37,3967],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114132"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114132\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}