{"id":114067,"date":"2026-08-25T00:16:44","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T22:16:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=114067"},"modified":"2026-08-24T11:40:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:40:49","slug":"deti-nastupuji-do-skoly-s-neodhalenou-ocni-vadou-na-problem-casto-upozorni-az-potize-s-ucenim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/25\/deti-nastupuji-do-skoly-s-neodhalenou-ocni-vadou-na-problem-casto-upozorni-az-potize-s-ucenim\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u011bti nastupuj\u00ed do \u0161koly s neodhalenou o\u010dn\u00ed vadou. Na probl\u00e9m \u010dasto upozorn\u00ed a\u017e pot\u00ed\u017ee s u\u010den\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tek \u0161koln\u00edho roku je pro rodi\u010de obdob\u00edm n\u00e1kup\u016f aktovek, p\u0159ez\u016fvek nebo \u0161koln\u00edch pom\u016fcek. Podle o\u010dn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f by ale na seznam p\u0159\u00edprav m\u011bla pat\u0159it je\u0161t\u011b jedna d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 polo\u017eka \u2013 kontrola zraku. \u0158ada d\u011bt\u00ed toti\u017e nastupuje do \u0161kolky nebo \u0161koly s dosud neodhalenou o\u010dn\u00ed vadou, ani\u017e by si j\u00ed rodi\u010de nebo d\u00edt\u011b v\u0161imli. Prvn\u00ed preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e by p\u0159itom m\u011blo d\u00edt\u011b absolvovat u\u017e kolem t\u0159\u00ed let v\u011bku, i kdy\u017e nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eMal\u00e9 d\u011bti si neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, \u017ee vid\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b. Pokud vid\u00ed rozmazan\u011b od rann\u00e9ho v\u011bku, pova\u017euj\u00ed to za norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. Rodi\u010de m\u016f\u017ee na probl\u00e9m upozornit nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo mhou\u0159en\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed<\/em>,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka O\u010dn\u00edho centra Praha MUDr. Andrea Janekov\u00e1, Ph.D., FEBO, FEBOS-CR.<\/p>\n

V\u010dasn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit trval\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku<\/strong><\/h3>\n

O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i proto doporu\u010duj\u00ed podstoupit o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u\u017e ve t\u0159et\u00edm roce \u017eivota. Po narozen\u00ed a v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011b absolvuje sice kontroly u pediatra, ty ale nenahrazuj\u00ed kompletn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Zrak se vyv\u00edj\u00ed od narozen\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b do sedm\u00e9ho roku \u017eivota. V tomto obdob\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i nejl\u00e9pe zkorigovat dioptrickou vadu a ovlivnit v\u00fdvoj vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je tupozrakost, kter\u00e1 vznik\u00e1 tehdy, kdy\u017e d\u00edt\u011b vid\u00ed jedn\u00edm okem h\u016f\u0159e ne\u017e druh\u00fdm. Mozek za\u010dne postupn\u011b up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat obraz z l\u00e9pe vid\u00edc\u00edho oka a obraz z druh\u00e9ho potla\u010duje. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou b\u00fdv\u00e1 rozd\u00edln\u00e1 dioptrick\u00e1 vada mezi o\u010dima, \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed refrak\u010dn\u00ed vada. Pokud se probl\u00e9m neodhal\u00ed v\u010das, mozek za\u010dne slab\u0161\u00ed oko postupn\u011b \u201evyp\u00ednat\u201c a zrak se na n\u011bm p\u0159estane spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyv\u00edjet.<\/p>\n

\u201ePokud se neza\u010dne p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina \u0161patn\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it v\u010das, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k trval\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zrakov\u00e9 ostrosti.\u00a0 V dosp\u011blosti je tupozrakost ji\u017e nel\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zachytit probl\u00e9m co nejd\u0159\u00edve, kdy je l\u00e9\u010dba nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/em>,\u201c vysv\u011btluje l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Andrea Janekov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1stup do \u0161koly zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1roky na d\u011btsk\u00fd zrak<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b prvn\u00ed roky \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro d\u011btsk\u00fd zrak velkou zm\u011bnu. Zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve d\u00edt\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu b\u011bhalo venku nebo si hr\u00e1lo, najednou mus\u00ed dlouho soust\u0159edit zrak na \u010dten\u00ed, psan\u00ed nebo opisov\u00e1n\u00ed z tabule. Neodhalen\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed vada m\u016f\u017ee d\u00edt\u011bti zt\u011b\u017eovat ka\u017edodenn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ve \u0161kole a projevovat se \u00fanavou, nesoust\u0159ed\u011bnost\u00ed, bolestmi hlavy nebo zhor\u0161en\u00fdmi \u0161koln\u00edmi v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad nekorigovan\u00fd astigmatismus m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat neostr\u00e9 \u010di zkreslen\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed, a zt\u011b\u017eovat tak \u010dten\u00ed a rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed podobn\u00fdch p\u00edsmen nebo \u010d\u00edslic. Tyto pot\u00ed\u017ee mohou b\u00fdt myln\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nepozornost \u010di probl\u00e9my s u\u010den\u00edm.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 d\u011bt\u00ed s kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Vedle vrozen\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch vad zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed oftalmologov\u00e9 v posledn\u00edch letech tak\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fst kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Ta se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji objevuje u\u017e u d\u011bt\u00ed na prvn\u00edm stupni z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol. Podle dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f do\u0161lo za posledn\u00edch deset let k n\u00e1r\u016fstu o 30 procent a dnes touto vadou trp\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 200 tis\u00edc d\u011bt\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Tento trend ale nen\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, odborn\u00edci hovo\u0159\u00ed o celosv\u011btov\u00e9 epidemii.<\/p>\n

Na jej\u00edm vzniku se pod\u00edl\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dnost, st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 ale tak\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed styl. D\u011bti tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u00edce \u010dasu p\u0159i \u010dinnostech na kr\u00e1tkou vzd\u00e1lenost \u2013 s mobiln\u00edmi telefony, tablety nebo po\u010d\u00edta\u010di \u2013 a naopak m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu venku na p\u0159irozen\u00e9m denn\u00edm sv\u011btle.<\/p>\n

\u201eNejde o to d\u011btem \u00fapln\u011b zak\u00e1zat modern\u00ed technologie. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby pr\u00e1ce na bl\u00edzko byla pravideln\u011b p\u0159eru\u0161ov\u00e1na pohledem do d\u00e1lky a aby d\u011bti ka\u017ed\u00fd den tr\u00e1vily dostatek \u010dasu venku. Pobyt na denn\u00edm sv\u011btle m\u00e1 podle \u0159ady studi\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed vliv na spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj zraku a m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko rozvoje kr\u00e1tkozrakosti<\/em>,\u201c vysv\u011btluje l\u00e9ka\u0159ka.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tkozrakost p\u0159itom nen\u00ed jen ot\u00e1zkou no\u0161en\u00ed br\u00fdl\u00ed. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det dioptri\u00ed zvy\u0161uje v dosp\u011blosti riziko n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice, glaukomu nebo zm\u011bn v oblasti \u017elut\u00e9 skvrny. O to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je jej\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed a pravideln\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak mohou rodi\u010de zdrav\u00fd v\u00fdvoj zraku podpo\u0159<\/strong>it?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f mohou rodi\u010de v\u00fdvoj d\u011btsk\u00e9ho zraku ovlivnit v\u00edce, ne\u017e si \u010dasto uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladem je dostatek pobytu venku, pravideln\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky p\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed nebo pr\u00e1ci s obrazovkami a vhodn\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159i kreslen\u00ed \u010di psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jsou ale pravideln\u00e9 preventivn\u00ed kontroly. \u201eRodi\u010de by nem\u011bli \u010dekat, a\u017e si d\u00edt\u011b za\u010dne st\u011b\u017eovat. Pokud p\u0159ijdou na preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v\u010das, m\u016f\u017eeme zachytit \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e za\u010dnou ovliv\u0148ovat \u0161koln\u00ed v\u00fdsledky nebo dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte. Pr\u00e1v\u011b za\u010d\u00e1tek \u0161koln\u00edho roku je vhodnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed p\u0159ipomenout si, \u017ee dobr\u00fd zrak je pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd start ve \u0161kole stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd jako kvalitn\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed pom\u016fcky,<\/em>\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Andrea Janekov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Za\u010d\u00e1tek \u0161koln\u00edho roku je pro rodi\u010de obdob\u00edm n\u00e1kup\u016f aktovek, p\u0159ez\u016fvek nebo \u0161koln\u00edch pom\u016fcek. Podle o\u010dn\u00edch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114068,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[8261,245,94,8673],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114067"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114067"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114067\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}