{"id":113517,"date":"2026-08-18T05:54:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T03:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=113517"},"modified":"2026-08-18T05:54:04","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T03:54:04","slug":"velka-britanie-dluh-se-od-roku-2002-zvysil-sedmkrat-a-systemova-krize-se-prohloubila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/18\/velka-britanie-dluh-se-od-roku-2002-zvysil-sedmkrat-a-systemova-krize-se-prohloubila\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie: Dluh se od roku 2002 zv\u00fd\u0161il sedmkr\u00e1t a syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 krize se prohloubila"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Britsk\u00fd dluh za posledn\u00edch 23 let explodoval, v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e n\u011bmeck\u00fd. \u0160v\u00fdcarsko je na tom mnohem l\u00e9pe. Britsk\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed katastrofa je hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 politick\u00e9 krize v zemi.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Brit\u00e1nie je n\u00e1zorn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak rychle se ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance mohou vymknout kontrole. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku prvn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed 21. stolet\u00ed \u010dinil celkov\u00fd hrub\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed dluh p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 425 miliard liber. Do konce roku 2025 dos\u00e1hl ohromuj\u00edc\u00edch 3,1 bilionu liber.\u00a0<\/span>Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed wallstreet-online<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, p\u0159edstavuje to v\u00edce ne\u017e sedmin\u00e1sobn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst st\u00e1tn\u00edho dluhu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Britsk\u00fd dluh exploduje m\u00edlov\u00fdmi kroky<\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u00e1r\u016fst nebyl rovnom\u011brn\u00fd. Prvn\u00ed velk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst nastal s finan\u010dn\u00ed kriz\u00ed, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala v roce 2008. Z\u00e1chrana bank, programy ekonomick\u00e9 stimulace a propad da\u0148ov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f zp\u016fsobily explozi deficit\u016f. Pot\u00e9 se vl\u00e1d\u00e1m nikdy nepoda\u0159ilo udr\u017eiteln\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00farove\u0148 dluhu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Opat\u0159en\u00ed proti COVID-19 p\u0159inesla dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00fd skok vp\u0159ed. St\u00e1t financoval programy n\u00e1hrady mezd, pomoc podnik\u016fm a \u201ev\u00fddaje na zdravotnictv\u00ed\u201c (tj. genov\u00e9 injekce, rou\u0161ky atd.) na \u00fav\u011br. N\u00e1sledovala \u201eenergetick\u00e1 krize\u201c (tj. \u0161\u00edlen\u00e1 politika nulov\u00fdch \u010dist\u00fdch emis\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch alarmist\u016f), vysok\u00e1 inflace a bal\u00ed\u010dky pomoci v \u0159\u00e1du miliard eur.<\/span><\/p>\n

K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m: Brit\u00e1nie v posledn\u00edch letech nedos\u00e1hla dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu, aby uhradila sv\u016fj rostouc\u00ed dluh. To je zase zp\u016fsobeno ideologickou energetickou politikou zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 \u017eene jej\u00ed pr\u016fmysl do z\u00e1huby. A stejn\u011b jako v\u0161ude v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b se v Brit\u00e1nii pl\u00fdtv\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 sumy pen\u011bz na financov\u00e1n\u00ed masov\u00e9 imigrace a v\u0161ech probuzen\u00fdch \u201enevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed\u201c a instituc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

Britsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je je\u0161t\u011b jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s USA. Podle definice Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho fondu \u010dinil americk\u00fd hrub\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed dluh v roce 2025 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 124 procent hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e britsk\u00e1 hodnota 102 procent. Americk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed dluh nyn\u00ed dosahuje celkem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 38 bilion\u016f americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2000 Britov\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovali sv\u016fj nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed dluh vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm procentn\u00edm tempem ne\u017e USA. Stalo se tak navzdory tomu, \u017ee Washington v tomto obdob\u00ed financoval dv\u011b velk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi a gigantick\u00e9 \u201epandemick\u00e9 programy\u201c. V\u00fdsledkem byly roky deficit\u016f, kter\u00e9 by za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010das\u016f byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9. Relativn\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst dluhu Brit\u00e1nie byl nicm\u00e9n\u011b je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dokonce i N\u011bmecko si ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed vede l\u00e9pe. Na konci roku 2025 \u010dinil n\u011bmeck\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed dluh p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2,84 bilionu eur, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 63,5 procenta hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu (HDP). N\u011bmeck\u00e1 dluhov\u00e1 brzda je v \u00fastav\u011b zakotvena od roku 2009. Struktur\u00e1ln\u011b si feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1da sm\u00ed p\u016fj\u010dovat pouze do v\u00fd\u0161e 0,35 procenta HDP. Dluhov\u00e1 brzda sice omezuje b\u011b\u017en\u00fd rozpo\u010det, ale v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nezabr\u00e1nila tv\u016frc\u016fm politik ve vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed st\u00e1le propracovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sch\u00e9mat, jak ji obch\u00e1zet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na spodn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku dluh\u016f se nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0160v\u00fdcarsko. Podle definice MMF \u010din\u00ed jeho celkov\u00fd hrub\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd dluh pouze p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 39 a\u017e 40 procent jeho hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu. P\u0159esto se i ono mus\u00ed vyrovnat s finan\u010dn\u00ed kriz\u00ed, pandemi\u00ed a evropskou energetickou politikou. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl oproti N\u011bmecku spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee \u0160v\u00fdcarsko d\u016fsledn\u011b uplat\u0148uje svou dluhovou brzdu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krize politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0160patn\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e1 situace Brit\u00e1nie je tak\u00e9 faktorem p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm ke krizi politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v zemi. Strana Reform UK vede ve v\u0161ech pr\u016fzkumech ji\u017e mnoho m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, zat\u00edmco probuzen\u00e1 Labouristick\u00e1 strana a konzervativci se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s probl\u00e9my. Masov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed kritizuj\u00edc\u00ed isl\u00e1m a syst\u00e9m zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee opozice se neomezuje pouze na volby \u2013 co\u017e je jasn\u00fd rozd\u00edl oproti jin\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm zem\u00edm (jak\u00a0<\/span>jsme ji\u017e informovali<\/span><\/a>\u00a0).<\/span><\/p>\n

To, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>je situace ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b napjat\u00e1,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda. Panuje zde hlubok\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed, devalvace v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9 populace ze strany \u201eprobuzen\u00e9ho\u201c re\u017eimu a dramatick\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta d\u016fv\u011bry v instituce. Zejm\u00e9na masov\u00e1 imigrace a islamizace, kter\u00e9 z Brit\u016f d\u011blaj\u00ed men\u0161inu ve vlastn\u00ed zemi, jsou obyvatelstvu vnucov\u00e1ny elitami.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historicky prosperita, dobr\u00e1 spr\u00e1va v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch a relativn\u011b jednotn\u00e1 elita zabr\u00e1nily ob\u010dansk\u00fdm v\u00e1lk\u00e1m. Tyto t\u0159i pil\u00ed\u0159e jsou v Brit\u00e1nii siln\u011b oslabeny: produktivita a inovace stagnuj\u00ed ji\u017e l\u00e9ta, byrokracie paralyzuje syst\u00e9m, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance jsou mimo kontrolu, sou\u010dasn\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 politika ni\u010d\u00ed pr\u016fmysl a vyhl\u00eddky na p\u0159\u00edjem, vlastnictv\u00ed domu a zalo\u017een\u00ed rodiny jsou pro mlad\u0161\u00ed generaci mizern\u00e9 \u2013 zat\u00edmco obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed muslimsk\u00fdch imigrant\u016f je podporov\u00e1no z pen\u011bz da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti nen\u00ed britsk\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed krize \u010dist\u011b ekonomickou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. M\u00e1 d\u016fsledky pro v\u0161echny oblasti spole\u010dnosti a pokud bude sou\u010dasn\u00fd kurz pokra\u010dovat, d\u00e1le prohloub\u00ed politickou polarizaci mezi probuzen\u00fdm re\u017eimem a hnut\u00edm odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Britsk\u00fd dluh za posledn\u00edch 23 let explodoval, v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e n\u011bmeck\u00fd. \u0160v\u00fdcarsko je na tom…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":113518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1181,2145,303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113517"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113517"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113517\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}