{"id":113175,"date":"2026-08-14T04:48:16","date_gmt":"2026-08-14T02:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=113175"},"modified":"2026-08-14T04:48:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T02:48:16","slug":"pravo-byt-ponechan-na-pokoji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/14\/pravo-byt-ponechan-na-pokoji\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdt ponech\u00e1n na pokoji"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<section class=\"perex\"><strong>\u201e<i>Tv\u016frci na\u0161\u00ed \u00dastavy se zav\u00e1zali zajistit podm\u00ednky p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 pro hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. &#8230; Uznali pr\u00e1vo na to, aby n\u00e1s vl\u00e1da nechala na pokoji \u2013 nejv\u0161eobecn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z pr\u00e1v a pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 civilizovan\u00ed lid\u00e9 cen\u00ed nejv\u00edce.<\/i>\u201c \u2014 soudce Louis D. Brandeis (1856\u20131941)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rychl\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch kamer p\u0159edstavuje n\u011bco mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e jen nov\u00fd policejn\u00ed technick\u00fd prost\u0159edek. Znamen\u00e1 to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnu ve vztahu mezi jednotlivcem a st\u00e1tem.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"clanek-obsah\">\n<div class=\"karta\">\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdt ponech\u00e1n na pokoji\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/VHSBLmd-1lo?si=LVqOvB8npuH8uj8_\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Tyto kamery umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm zaznamen\u00e1vat, identifikovat, katalogizovat a zp\u011btn\u011b sledovat pohyby lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nesp\u00e1chali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din, nejsou podez\u0159el\u00ed z \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho protipr\u00e1vn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a neud\u011blali nic, co by si zaslou\u017eilo vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dohled. To nen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost. Je to \u00fatok na soukrom\u00ed jednotlivce.<\/p>\n<p>Soukrom\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u00fdsadou ud\u011blenou vl\u00e1dou. Je to aspekt osobn\u00ed svobody, kterou m\u00e1 vl\u00e1da chr\u00e1nit. Je to p\u0159irozen\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ed vl\u00e1dou v Listin\u011b pr\u00e1v. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk opust\u00ed sv\u016fj domov a pohybuje se po ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 komunikaci, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se tohoto pr\u00e1va vzdal.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje obrovsk\u00fd mor\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u00fastavn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi policistou, kter\u00fd n\u00e1hodou pozoruje osobu na ve\u0159ejnosti, a vl\u00e1dn\u00edm sledov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 automaticky a systematicky zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 vozidlo, polohu a pohyby t\u00e9to osoby a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 tyto informace pro budouc\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Svobodn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nechr\u00e1n\u00ed lidi pouze p\u0159ed zlo\u010dinem; chr\u00e1n\u00ed je tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed sv\u00e9voln\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. V\u00fdchoz\u00edm p\u0159edpokladem je svoboda. St\u00e1t je pop\u0159en\u00edm svobody. \u010clov\u011bk by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt nucen prokazovat svou nevinu, aby ho st\u00e1t nechal na pokoji. D\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno v\u017edy le\u017e\u00ed na st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed od\u016fvodnit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy do osobn\u00ed svobody. Policejn\u00ed kamery tento princip obrac\u00ed. Shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed informace o ka\u017ed\u00e9m, koho kamera zachyt\u00ed, a nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed na jednotlivc\u00edch, aby tyto z\u00e1znamy n\u00e1sledn\u011b zpochybnili.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dastava vy\u017eaduje, aby ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo od\u016fvodn\u011bno jasn\u011b formulovan\u00fdm podez\u0159en\u00edm spojuj\u00edc\u00edm sledovanou osobu s legitimn\u00edm c\u00edlem vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va. V\u00e1gn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee tato technologie by jednoho dne mohla pomoci vy\u0159e\u0161it trestn\u00fd \u010din nebo zv\u00fd\u0161it ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost, tento standard nespl\u0148uje.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1zor, \u017ee osobn\u00ed soukrom\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost jsou v rovnov\u00e1ze \u2013 \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 pouze o dva soupe\u0159\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1jmy se stejnou mor\u00e1ln\u00ed a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed v\u00e1hou, z nich\u017e si vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci mohou subjektivn\u011b vybrat svou preferovanou rovnov\u00e1hu \u2013 je j\u00e1drem autorit\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Bezpe\u010dnost je jedn\u00edm z legitimn\u00edch \u00fa\u010del\u016f, pro kter\u00e9 vl\u00e1da existuje. Soukrom\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi osobn\u00ed svobody, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 vl\u00e1da chr\u00e1nit. Nelze jej odebrat bez soudn\u00edho schv\u00e1len\u00ed. Vl\u00e1da nem\u016f\u017ee ospravedlnit poru\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va pouh\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee by to mohlo zv\u00fd\u0161it bezpe\u010dnost lid\u00ed. Kdyby tomu tak bylo, neexistovala by \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 smyslupln\u00e1 hranice vl\u00e1dn\u00ed moci.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u00fastavn\u011b povolen\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a budov\u00e1n\u00edm trval\u00e9 infrastruktury pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bez podez\u0159en\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad vych\u00e1z\u00ed z d\u016fkaz\u016f a hled\u00e1 informace relevantn\u00ed pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del. Druh\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad se vztahuje na v\u0161echny a \u010dek\u00e1 na d\u016fkazy.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e 7 000 americk\u00fdch policejn\u00edch \u00fatvar\u016f disponuje t\u011bmito syst\u00e9my bez legislativn\u00edho schv\u00e1len\u00ed, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed \u010din\u00ed policie. Rozhoduj\u00ed o tom, \u017ee vl\u00e1da by m\u011bla m\u00edt novou pravomoc sledovat nevinn\u00e9 lidi, jak\u00e9 informace by se m\u011bly shroma\u017e\u010fovat, jak dlouho by m\u011bly b\u00fdt uchov\u00e1v\u00e1ny, kdo by k nim m\u011bl m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup a jak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely mohou ospravedlnit prohled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed; to v\u0161e bez ohledu na \u00dastavu.<\/p>\n<p>Nejedn\u00e1 se pouze o administrativn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky. Jsou to ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se osobn\u00ed svobody.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud zvolen\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee takov\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed je nezbytn\u00e9, m\u011bli by o n\u011bm ve\u0159ejn\u011b debatovat, p\u0159ijmout konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy, stanovit smyslupln\u00e1 omezen\u00ed a p\u0159evz\u00edt odpov\u011bdnost p\u0159ed voli\u010di. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt skryto v r\u00e1mci policejn\u00edho zad\u00e1vac\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ani pova\u017eov\u00e1no za b\u011b\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1kup vybaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Svoboda nem\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1viset na dobrosrde\u010dnosti, zdr\u017eenlivosti nebo dobr\u00fdch \u00famyslech st\u00e1tn\u00edch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. \u00dastava vych\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee vl\u00e1dn\u00ed moc mus\u00ed b\u00fdt omezena, kontrolov\u00e1na a rozd\u011blena, proto\u017ee vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci jsou lidsk\u00e9 bytosti, kter\u00e9 disponuj\u00ed moc\u00ed a nevyhnuteln\u011b budou m\u00edt motivaci ji zneu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>\u0158e\u0161en\u00edm nen\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm je to, co vy\u017eaduje \u010ctvrt\u00fd dodatek: \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bez povolen\u00ed k prohl\u00eddce.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dastavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku nelze zredukovat na to, zda n\u011bkdo fyzicky st\u00e1l na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Jedna v\u011bc je, kdy\u017e policista vid\u00ed proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed auto. Zcela jin\u00e1 v\u011bc je vl\u00e1dn\u00ed datab\u00e1ze schopn\u00e1 rekonstruovat m\u011bs\u00edce pohybu ur\u010dit\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n<p>Tento rozd\u00edl je rozd\u00edlem mezi pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm a sledov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Svobodn\u00ed lid\u00e9 by m\u011bli b\u00fdt hluboce podez\u0159\u00edvav\u00ed v\u016f\u010di jak\u00e9mukoli vl\u00e1dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd ze sledov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed v\u00fdchoz\u00ed postoj. Nikdo by se nem\u011bl muset ob\u00e1vat, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 jeho cesta po ulici je trvale zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1na, a\u0165 u\u017e lze jeho pohyby pozd\u011bji rekonstruovat, nebo zda m\u016f\u017ee vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk prohled\u00e1vat jeho historii bez konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho podez\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dastava na\u0159izuje, aby vl\u00e1da nechala lidi na pokoji, pokud nem\u00e1 legitimn\u00ed a jasn\u011b formulovan\u00fd d\u016fvod zasahovat do jejich svobody. Tento princip nen\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. Je to jedna z charakteristick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed svobodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Policejn\u00ed kamery zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed opa\u010dnou filozofii: nejprve shroma\u017e\u010fovat, teprve pot\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ovat; sledovat v\u0161echny, teprve pot\u00e9 n\u011bkoho podez\u0159\u00edvat; roz\u0161i\u0159ovat pravomoci vl\u00e1dy a spol\u00e9hat se, \u017ee \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci budou n\u00e1sledn\u011b jednat s rozvahou. To nen\u00ed filozofie \u00fastavn\u00ed republiky. Je to filozofie sledovac\u00edho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dastavn\u00ed n\u00e1mitka nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee boj proti kriminalit\u011b nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee vl\u00e1da mus\u00ed bojovat proti kriminalit\u011b sv\u00e1zan\u00e1 \u00dastavou, abych parafr\u00e1zoval Thomase Jeffersona. Bezpe\u010dnost se nesm\u00ed st\u00e1t kouzeln\u00fdm slovem, kter\u00e9 ru\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echna \u00fastavn\u00ed omezen\u00ed. Soukrom\u00ed nelze pova\u017eovat za luxus dostupn\u00fd pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e vl\u00e1da usoud\u00ed, \u017ee je to v\u00fdhodn\u00e9. A policejn\u00edm \u00fatvar\u016fm nelze dovolit, aby po\u0159izovaly, nasazovaly a normalizovaly technologie, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu sil mezi jednotlivci a st\u00e1tem.<\/p>\n<p>Kdyby policie mohla sledovat v\u0161echny pohyby, zastavit kohokoli z rozmaru, prohled\u00e1vat a fotografovat, jak se j\u00ed zl\u00edb\u00ed, m\u011bli bychom m\u00e9n\u011b kriminality? Mo\u017en\u00e1. Ale kdo by n\u00e1s chr\u00e1nil p\u0159ed zlo\u010dinci v uniform\u00e1ch? A kdo by cht\u011bl \u017e\u00edt v takov\u00e9m autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b?<\/p>\n<div class=\"podcarou\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/trendsinthenews.substack.com\/p\/napolitano-the-right-to-be-left-alone-a26?publication_id=811472\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">The right to be left alone<\/a> vy\u0161el 13.8.2026 na trendsinthenews.substack.com<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201eTv\u016frci na\u0161\u00ed \u00dastavy se zav\u00e1zali zajistit podm\u00ednky p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 pro hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. &#8230; Uznali pr\u00e1vo na&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":113176,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[940,1052,117,2452],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113175"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113175\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}