{"id":113159,"date":"2026-08-14T00:30:38","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T22:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=113159"},"modified":"2026-08-13T16:07:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T14:07:47","slug":"putinova-nejhorsi-nocni-mura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/14\/putinova-nejhorsi-nocni-mura\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201ePutinova nejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra\u201c?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Jak Blick, ze zdroje z pr\u016fzkum\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed propojen\u00e9ho se Z\u00e1padem, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed krizi v Kremlu<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u201e\u00a0<\/span>Putinova nejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra se st\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e\u00a0<\/span>Blick<\/span><\/em>\u00a0v titulku . V\u00e1lka se vrac\u00ed dom\u016f, Rusov\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed pochybovat a kremelsk\u00fd v\u016fdce se ve sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed zemi st\u00e1v\u00e1 zraniteln\u00fdm. Jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd d\u016fkaz noviny uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla z Levada Center, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010duj\u00ed za \u201enez\u00e1visl\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pohled v\u0161ak odhaluje mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen interpretace pr\u016fzkum\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 instituce, jej\u00ed\u017e \u010d\u00edsla\u00a0<\/span>Blick<\/span><\/em>\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k zalo\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9ho dramatick\u00e9ho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Levada Center skute\u010dn\u011b nen\u00ed rusk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed institut pro pr\u016fzkum ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed. Ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201enez\u00e1visl\u00fd\u201c ve smyslu \u201enen\u00ed kontrolov\u00e1n Kremlem\u201c je proto pochopiteln\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span>Levada v\u0161ak nebyla zcela finan\u010dn\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 na z\u00e1padn\u00edch instituc\u00edch, alespo\u0148 ne v minulosti.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto byl \u00fastav v roce 2016 v Rusku registrov\u00e1n jako \u201ezahrani\u010dn\u00ed agent\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle tehdej\u0161\u00ed auditn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy rusk\u00e9ho ministerstva spravedlnosti Levada obdr\u017eela zahrani\u010dn\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e\u00a0<\/span>v\u011bt\u0161ina identifikovan\u00e9ho zahrani\u010dn\u00edho financov\u00e1n\u00ed poch\u00e1zela ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, jak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch agenturou RBC . Mezi jmenovan\u00fdmi institucemi byly University of Wisconsin-Madison, George Washington University, Columbia University a University of Colorado. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zdroje pat\u0159il Gallup z USA, Ipsos MORI z Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, N\u011bmeck\u00e1 agentura pro technickou spolupr\u00e1ci (GTZ) a dal\u0161\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed organizace. (\u00a0<\/span>RBK<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) (\u00a0<\/span>Levada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)<\/span><\/p>\n

To je relevantn\u00ed pro \u00fa\u010dely klasifikace \u2013 ale nen\u00ed to d\u016fkaz, \u017ee tyto instituce ovl\u00e1daly Levadu nebo diktovaly v\u00fdsledky pr\u016fzkum\u016f. Levada argumentovala, \u017ee se jednalo o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 a obchodn\u00ed smlouvy, a zpochybnila jej\u00ed klasifikaci jako \u201ezahrani\u010dn\u00edho agenta\u201c. Rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zase tyto p\u0159\u00edjmy spolu s politick\u00fdmi aktivitami institutu uvedla jako d\u016fvod pro jeho registraci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo chce p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vypr\u00e1v\u011bt novin\u00e1\u0159sky zdrav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, by proto musel zm\u00ednit\u00a0<\/span>ob\u011b strany<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Blick<\/span><\/em>\u00a0odvede jen polovinu pr\u00e1ce. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159 se dozv\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee Kreml klasifikuje Levadu jako \u201ezahrani\u010dn\u00edho agenta\u201c. Nen\u00ed mu v\u0161ak \u0159e\u010deno, pro\u010d k t\u00e9to klasifikaci do\u0161lo, ani \u017ee byly skute\u010dn\u011b odhaleny toky pen\u011bz ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pohodln\u00fd obraz: tady \u201enez\u00e1visl\u00e9 Levadaovo centrum\u201c, tam Kreml, kter\u00fd kritick\u00e9 pr\u016fzkumn\u00edky ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed ozna\u010duje represivn\u011b zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1lepkou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zdokumentovan\u00e1 historie tomuto vzoru p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neodpov\u00edd\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Situace se st\u00e1v\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b problemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e se pracuje se samotn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edsly<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ani Levada neposkytuje\u00a0<\/span>Blicu<\/span><\/em>\u00a0jasn\u00fd obraz politick\u00e9ho kolapsu, jak nazna\u010duje titulek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Levada uvedla, \u017ee v \u010dervnu 2026\u00a0<\/span>podporovalo akce rusk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil na Ukrajin\u011b 67 procent respondent\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. 35 procent odpov\u011bd\u011blo \u201erozhodn\u011b\u201c a dal\u0161\u00edch 32 procent \u201edo jist\u00e9 m\u00edry\u201c. Pouze 24 procent uvedlo, \u017ee vojenskou akci nepodporuje. (\u00a0<\/span>Levada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)<\/span><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e9 Levada Center shrnuje zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem: V\u011bt\u0161ina Rus\u016f nad\u00e1le podporuje akce rusk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil. (\u00a0<\/span>Levada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed ze v\u0161eho nejv\u00edc nesed\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee:<\/span><\/p>\n

„Putinova nejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra se st\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00ed.“<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Blick<\/span><\/em>\u00a0m\u00edsto toho uv\u00e1d\u00ed jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: pouze osm procent pova\u017eovalo v\u00e1lku za \u201evelmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

To ale nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e jako pt\u00e1t se, zda n\u011bkdo podporuje v\u00e1lku nebo rusk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly. Respondent m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nespokojen s pr\u016fb\u011bhem v\u00e1lky a p\u0159esto podporovat svou vlastn\u00ed arm\u00e1du. Kdy\u017e se tyto r\u016fzn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky zformuluj\u00ed dohromady, rychle se vyno\u0159\u00ed mnohem dramati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obraz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu dokonce\u00a0<\/span>64 procent respondent\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0uvedlo , \u017ee by Rusko m\u011blo zah\u00e1jit m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. To je jasn\u00fd znak \u00fanavy z v\u00e1lky a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se to nem\u011blo zleh\u010dovat. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak 67 procent podporuje rusk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly. (\u00a0<\/span>Levada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato zd\u00e1nliv\u011b protich\u016fdn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla jsou p\u0159esn\u011b t\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm. Mnoho Rus\u016f zjevn\u011b dok\u00e1\u017ee\u00a0<\/span>sou\u010dasn\u011b podporovat svou arm\u00e1du a tou\u017eit po jedn\u00e1n\u00edch<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto tvrzen\u00ed \u201e64 procent chce jedn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c automaticky neznamen\u00e1 \u201e64 procent je proti Putinovi\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejasnost v t\u011bchto \u010d\u00edslech dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 jejich \u010dasov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj. V kv\u011btnu si m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1lo 60 procent respondent\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se pod\u00edl t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed up\u0159ednost\u0148ovali pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00ed, b\u011bhem dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f\u00a0<\/span>zv\u00fd\u0161il z 24 na 30 procent<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. S\u00e1m Levada v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00fdslovn\u011b psal o pomal\u00e9m poklesu podpory jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

O m\u011bs\u00edc pozd\u011bji se \u010d\u00edsla op\u011bt vyv\u00edjela opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. To nazna\u010duje populaci, jej\u00ed\u017e n\u00e1lady kol\u00edsaj\u00ed a kter\u00e1 je zna\u010dnou \u00fanavou z v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b to nevypad\u00e1 jako bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed politick\u00e1 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra, jak to vykresluje titulek Blica.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Data se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed narativem<\/span><\/h2>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b pozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je jazyk \u010dl\u00e1nku. Putin \u201eohro\u017euje situaci\u201c, jeho \u201enejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra\u201c se st\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00ed, Rusov\u00e9 \u201eza\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed pochybovat\u201c, Ukrajina \u201evytahuje eso z ruk\u00e1vu\u201c a nov\u00fd n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk ukrajinsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy je vykreslen jako potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201eno\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra\u201c Moskvy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto nen\u00ed neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed jazyk pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd k popisu pr\u016fzkumu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed. Je to dramatick\u00e9 r\u00e1mov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Noviny samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mohou analyzovat a p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bt. Probl\u00e9m nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 dojem, \u017ee podkladov\u00e1 data ukazuj\u00ed mnohem jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trend, ne\u017e ve skute\u010dnosti je.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee pokud si p\u0159e\u010dtete p\u016fvodn\u00ed data m\u00edsto titulku, zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je zhruba n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

Podpora rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 operace v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b poklesla. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se st\u00e1le t\u011b\u0161\u00ed podpo\u0159e jasn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny. Po\u010det t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 vysok\u00fd. Zd\u00e1 se proto, \u017ee mnoho Rus\u016f tou\u017e\u00ed po vyjednan\u00e9m m\u00edru, ani\u017e by se vzdali sv\u00e9 podpory rusk\u00fdm ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je jist\u011b politicky zaj\u00edmav\u00e9. Ale je to \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh ne\u017e\u00a0<\/span>\u201ePutinova nejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra se stala skute\u010dnost\u00ed\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

A Levada to ze v\u0161eho nejlep\u0161\u00edho ukazuje<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nen\u00ed v\u016fbec t\u0159eba Levadu jakkoli zdiskreditovat, abychom zpochybnili Blick\u016fv narativ. Naopak:\u00a0<\/span>Levadovi lze v\u011b\u0159it.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Institut, kter\u00fd Blick\u00a0<\/span>cituje<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, uv\u00e1d\u00ed 67% podporu rusk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil. (\u00a0<\/span>Levada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by transparentn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed m\u011blo zm\u00ednit, \u017ee Levada m\u011bla historicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vazby a byla v roce 2016 po odhalen\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f zaregistrov\u00e1na jako \u201ezahrani\u010dn\u00ed agent\u201c. Mezi tehdy jmenovan\u00fdmi partnery bylo n\u011bkolik americk\u00fdch univerzit, Gallup, Ipsos MORI a n\u011bmeck\u00e1 rozvojov\u00e1 organizace.<\/span><\/p>\n

To automaticky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se Levada stala\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1strojem Washingtonu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ani to nedokazuje manipulaci s jej\u00edmi pr\u016fzkumy. Stejn\u011b tak rusk\u00e1 klasifikace automaticky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee jsou jej\u00ed data nep\u0159esn\u00e1. Nevysv\u011btlen\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed jako \u201enez\u00e1visl\u00e9 centrum Levada\u201c se v\u0161ak st\u00e1v\u00e1 ne\u00fapln\u00fdm, pokud se sou\u010dasn\u011b ignoruje historie jeho financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

A i s t\u011bmito v\u00fdhradami z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd bod:<\/span><\/p>\n

Zdroj, kter\u00fd Blick zvolil, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b odporuje i nejdramati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed interpretaci samotn\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku v Blicku.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ano, je tu \u00fanava z v\u00e1lky. Ano, podpora klesla. Ano, v\u011bt\u0161ina chce jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Ale tak\u00e9 ano: podle stejn\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu Levady\u00a0<\/span>dv\u011b t\u0159etiny Rus\u016f st\u00e1le podporuj\u00ed akce sv\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vykreslit tuto rozporuplnou spole\u010denskou n\u00e1ladu jako \u201ePutinovu nejhor\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fru\u201c nen\u00ed nutn\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br vyvozen\u00fd z dat.\u00a0<\/span>Je to jen redak\u010dn\u00ed narativ.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak Blick, ze zdroje z pr\u016fzkum\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed propojen\u00e9ho se Z\u00e1padem, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed krizi v Kremlu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":113160,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[158,1051,102,22,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113159"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}