{"id":113147,"date":"2026-08-14T00:13:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T22:13:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=113147"},"modified":"2026-08-13T08:06:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T06:06:54","slug":"karel-strakos-absurdni-hranice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/14\/karel-strakos-absurdni-hranice\/","title":{"rendered":"Karel Strako\u0161: Absurdn\u00ed hranice"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>\u0160pan\u011blsk\u00fd Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud rozhodl, \u017ee migranti, kte\u0159\u00ed se do EU dostanou plav\u00e1n\u00edm, nemohou b\u00fdt vr\u00e1ceni okam\u017eit\u011b, na rozd\u00edl od t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159elezou plot. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee mo\u0159e pr\u00fd nen\u00ed \u201eprvek ohrani\u010den\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Toto rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 form\u00e1ln\u011b plat\u00ed od leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta, pat\u0159\u00ed k nejbizarn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm konstrukc\u00edm, jak\u00e9 evropsk\u00e1 migra\u010dn\u00ed politika v posledn\u00edch letech vyprodukovala. A pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f, po masov\u00e9m vp\u00e1du do Ceuty, se jeho praktick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky ukazuj\u00ed v pln\u00e9 nahot\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o cizinc\u00edch umo\u017e\u0148uje tzv. odm\u00edtnut\u00ed na hranici, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201edevoluci\u00f3n en caliente\u201c jen tehdy, kdy\u017e osoba p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 prvky ohrani\u010den\u00ed. Soudci dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee plot takov\u00fdm prvkem je, zat\u00edmco mo\u0159e nikoli. Kdo tedy sk\u00e1\u010de p\u0159es plot, m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt okam\u017eit\u011b zp\u011bt. Kdo p\u0159iplave, mus\u00ed proj\u00edt standardn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm s identifikac\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00edm zastoupen\u00edm a lh\u016ftami.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledek je \u010dist\u011b formalistick\u00fd. St\u00e1t m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. P\u0159esto te\u010f pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem n\u011bkdo toto \u00fazem\u00ed naru\u0161il, nikoli na tom, \u017ee je naru\u0161il.<\/p>\n<p>Kdo zvol\u00ed plav\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 automaticky v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed procesn\u00ed postaven\u00ed. Kdo zvol\u00ed plot, je na tom h\u016f\u0159e. To nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 ochrana pr\u00e1v. To je motivace k jejich obch\u00e1zen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Soudci sice poznamenali, \u017ee kdyby \u0160pan\u011blsko postavilo v mo\u0159i fyzick\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry, pravidla by se t\u00edm zm\u011bnila. Tak ale sami p\u0159iznali, \u017ee probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed v principu, ale v technick\u00e9m detailu. A pr\u00e1v\u011b tento detail sta\u010dil k tomu, aby se spustila jedna z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch migra\u010dn\u00edch kriz\u00ed v historii Ceuty. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a p\u0159evad\u011b\u010di zpr\u00e1vu rychle p\u0159elo\u017eili do srozumiteln\u00e9ho jazyka, \u017ee te\u010f se prost\u011b vyplat\u00ed do EU p\u0159iplavat.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1vo m\u00e1 b\u00fdt srozumiteln\u00e9 a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vytvo\u0159ilo perverzn\u00ed pob\u00eddku. M\u00edsto aby odrazovalo od neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho vstupu, rozli\u0161uje mezi lep\u0161\u00edmi a hor\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby jeho proveden\u00ed. Pro st\u00e1t to znamen\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed administrativn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, del\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko, \u017ee se situace vymkne kontrole. Pro m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele Ceuty to znamen\u00e1 chaos, strach a pocit, \u017ee jejich m\u011bsto se stalo experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fazem\u00edm pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed teorie.<\/p>\n<p>Nejde o to, zda maj\u00ed migranti pr\u00e1vo na individu\u00e1ln\u00ed posouzen\u00ed. Jde o to, zda m\u00e1 st\u00e1t pr\u00e1vo br\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 hranice efektivn\u011b a bez zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch formalit, kter\u00e9 nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011bm, kdo je z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b obch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Rozsudek Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu tuto rovnov\u00e1hu vych\u00fdlil sm\u011brem k formalismu. A realita v Ceut\u011b ukazuje, co z toho plyne.<\/p>\n<p>Hranice bu\u010f existuje, nebo ne. Zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm ji n\u011bkdo p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed, by nem\u011bl rozhodovat o tom, jestli st\u00e1t sm\u00ed jednat rychle, nebo mus\u00ed t\u00fddny a m\u011bs\u00edce v\u00e9st \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zat\u00edmco m\u011bsto kolabuje. Pokud pr\u00e1vo toto rozli\u0161en\u00ed pova\u017euje za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, pak je na \u010dase se pt\u00e1t, zda takov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je\u0161t\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9mu p\u016fvodn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010delu, a to ochran\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed a ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>A tak jedin\u00fd, kdo si toto na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pochvaluje je marock\u00fd plaveck\u00fd instruktor Mohammed se svou \u017eenou Fatimou, kte\u0159\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed na pl\u00e1\u017ei v Maroku rychlokurzy plav\u00e1n\u00ed a prodej r\u016fzn\u00fdch nafukovac\u00edch pom\u016fcek.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/karel.strakos.79\">Karel Strako\u0161<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160pan\u011blsk\u00fd Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud rozhodl, \u017ee migranti, kte\u0159\u00ed se do EU dostanou plav\u00e1n\u00edm, nemohou b\u00fdt vr\u00e1ceni&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":113148,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[804,119,324,440],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113147"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113147"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113147\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}