{"id":112664,"date":"2026-08-08T00:27:27","date_gmt":"2026-08-07T22:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=112664"},"modified":"2026-08-07T12:41:59","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T10:41:59","slug":"brics-podkope-nova-platebni-platforma-hegemonii-dolaru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/08\/brics-podkope-nova-platebni-platforma-hegemonii-dolaru\/","title":{"rendered":"BRICS: Podkope nov\u00e1 platebn\u00ed platforma hegemonii dolaru?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zem\u011b BRICS aktivn\u011b rozv\u00edjej\u00ed nez\u00e1vislou platebn\u00ed infrastrukturu zalo\u017eenou na digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank (CBDC). Hlavn\u00ed hnac\u00ed silou tohoto procesu je snaha \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f sn\u00ed\u017eit svou zranitelnost v\u016f\u010di finan\u010dn\u00edm sankc\u00edm USA a sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost glob\u00e1ln\u00edho obchodu na americk\u00e9m dolaru.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch letech Washington prom\u011bnil glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dominanci dolaru v n\u00e1stroj brut\u00e1ln\u00edho geopolitick\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku. Zmrazen\u00ed mnohamiliardov\u00fdch devizov\u00fdch rezerv Rusk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky a odpojen\u00ed hlavn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed od syst\u00e9mu SWIFT jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zaly ostatn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm, \u017ee dolarov\u00e1 aktiva nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v z\u00e1padn\u00edch jurisdikc\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt kdykoli zmrazena.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

St\u00e1ty BRICS (v sou\u010dasnosti Braz\u00edlie, Rusko, Indie, \u010c\u00edna, Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika, Egypt, Etiopie, \u00cdr\u00e1n a Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie) usiluj\u00ed o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na dolaru a zranitelnosti v\u016f\u010di finan\u010dn\u00edm omezen\u00edm ze strany USA.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Na 16. summitu\u00a0<\/span>BRICS<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0v Kazani, kter\u00fd se konal v \u0159\u00edjnu 2024, se Rusko aktivn\u011b zasazovalo o alternativu k dolaru, ale k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 m\u011bny BRICS nedo\u0161lo. Indie tuto my\u0161lenku p\u0159iv\u00edtala opatrn\u011b, zat\u00edmco \u010c\u00edna se zam\u011b\u0159ila na vlastn\u00ed juanizaci obchodu. V\u00fdsledkem byl kompromis: vytvo\u0159en\u00ed decentralizovan\u00e9 platebn\u00ed platformy pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd obchod bez zprost\u0159edkovatele dolaru,\u00a0<\/span>jak potvrdilo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed summitu BRICS v Kazani.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch letech Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dominanci sv\u00e9 m\u011bny a finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu jako n\u00e1stroje zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky a geopolitick\u00e9ho tlaku a transformuj\u00ed je ve zbra\u0148. Zaveden\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch sankc\u00ed, omezen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupu k obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s dolary a bezprecedentn\u00edm krokem zmrazen\u00ed mnohamiliardov\u00fdch rezerv rusk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch akc\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b Washington demonstroval, \u017ee zahrani\u010dn\u00ed dolarov\u00e1 aktiva lze zabavit nebo se p\u0159es noc st\u00e1t nedostupn\u00fdmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u011bnov\u00fd a platebn\u00ed re\u017eim navr\u017een\u00fd skupinou BRICS si klade za c\u00edl vytvo\u0159it infrastrukturu pro clearing a vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed zem\u00edm bloku a dal\u0161\u00edm z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm prov\u00e1d\u011bt obchodn\u00ed transakce s vyu\u017eit\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank (CBDC).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00fd re\u017eim by tak\u00e9 zt\u00ed\u017eil vl\u00e1d\u011b USA sledov\u00e1n\u00ed plateb mezi zem\u011bmi BRICS. N\u00e1vrh v\u0161ak ne\u0159e\u0161il n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Zejm\u00e9na tento re\u017eim, a\u0165 u\u017e funguje na bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo plurilater\u00e1ln\u00ed b\u00e1zi, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b povede k nerovnov\u00e1h\u00e1m, jako jsou bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed a celkov\u00e9 p\u0159ebytky \u010c\u00edny ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi zem\u011bmi BRICS. Nav\u00edc na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed spl\u00e1cen\u00ed nahromad\u011bn\u00fdch kreditn\u00edch z\u016fstatk\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejist\u00e9. Pokud si Rusko udr\u017e\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ebytek s Indi\u00ed, bude i nad\u00e1le hromadit pohled\u00e1vky denominovan\u00e9 v rupi\u00edch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Infrastruktura BRICS bude sest\u00e1vat ze t\u0159\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prvk\u016f:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Brics Pay, decentralizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m finan\u010dn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zcela nahradit mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed syst\u00e9m SWIFT.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Brics Bridge (CBDC Interconnection), technologick\u00e1 platforma pro p\u0159\u00edmou interakci digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Brics Clear, clearingov\u00e1 a vypo\u0159\u00e1dac\u00ed platforma zalo\u017een\u00e1 na blockchainu a decentralizovan\u00fdch financ\u00edch (DeFi), kter\u00e1 poskytuje bezpe\u010dnou alternativu k evropsk\u00fdm spr\u00e1vc\u016fm Euroclear a Clearstream.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato kombinace umo\u017e\u0148uje dovozc\u016fm a v\u00fdvozc\u016fm ze zem\u00ed BRICS prov\u00e1d\u011bt transakce p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank. Tento mechanismus skr\u00fdv\u00e1 platby p\u0159ed kontroln\u00edmi syst\u00e9my americk\u00e9ho ministerstva financ\u00ed, co\u017e je probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd pravideln\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0experti z Centra pro geoekonomii Atlantick\u00e9 rady\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu umo\u017en\u00ed zem\u00edm skupiny pokra\u010dovat ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9m obchodu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b masivn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch sankc\u00ed ze strany Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Mechanismus p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch plateb zajist\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou expozici finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed mezi zem\u011bmi BRICS v\u016f\u010di americk\u00fdm sankc\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed instituce mohou st\u00e1le \u010delit sankc\u00edm USA, takov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed budou v kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, proto\u017ee platebn\u00ed infrastruktura bude mimo dosah americk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi kan\u00e1ly, jako je americk\u00fd bankovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m nebo dokonce evropsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, jako je Swift nebo Euroclear.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee je extr\u00e9mn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 obej\u00edt finan\u010dn\u00ed vliv USA. V roce 2019 Francie, N\u011bmecko a Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed spustily platebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m Instex, aby usnadnily obchod s \u00cdr\u00e1nem bez pou\u017eit\u00ed dolaru nebo SWIFTu. V roce 2023 byl v\u0161ak syst\u00e9m zru\u0161en, proto\u017ee kv\u016fli hrozb\u011b americk\u00fdch sankc\u00ed nezv\u00fd\u0161il obchod mezi evropsk\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi a \u00cdr\u00e1nem. Precedent, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159il syst\u00e9m Instex, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da bude i nad\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvat sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed sankce k odrazov\u00e1n\u00ed bank a podnik\u016f od \u00fa\u010dasti v nov\u00e9m re\u017eimu BRICS.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Snahy o podporu platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu nevyhnuteln\u011b vystav\u00ed zem\u011b BRICS hrozb\u011b americk\u00fdch cel v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, proto\u017ee Washington se ob\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee takov\u00e1 m\u011bnov\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce by mohla v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku podkopat jeho finan\u010dn\u00ed vliv. Trump\u00a0<\/span>pohrozil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u010dlen\u016fm BRICS, \u017ee budou \u010delit cl\u016fm ve v\u00fd\u0161i 100 %, pokud se odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it novou m\u011bnu, kter\u00e1 by nahradila americk\u00fd dolar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePo\u017eadujeme, aby se tyto zem\u011b zav\u00e1zaly, \u017ee nevytvo\u0159\u00ed novou m\u011bnu BRICS a nebudou podporovat jinou m\u011bnu, kter\u00e1 by nahradila mocn\u00fd americk\u00fd dolar, jinak budou \u010delit\u00a0<\/span>100% cl\u016fm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a rozlou\u010d\u00ed se s v\u00fdprodeji v \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 ekonomice,\u201c napsal Trump na sv\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti Truth Social.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd platebn\u00ed re\u017eim BRICS nepovede k okam\u017eit\u00e9mu zru\u0161en\u00ed dolaru jako prim\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 m\u011bny. Platby v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch s sebou nesou vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, omezenou likviditu a slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sm\u011bnitelnost.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento syst\u00e9m je v\u0161ak navr\u017een jako z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b uvalen\u00ed tot\u00e1ln\u00edch sankc\u00ed ze strany Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f umo\u017en\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdm zem\u00edm pokra\u010dovat v kritick\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed a surovin. Z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska bude vznik alternativn\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed postupn\u011b naru\u0161ovat monopol americk\u00e9ho bankovn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a oslabovat \u00fa\u010dinnost finan\u010dn\u00edch omezen\u00ed Washingtonu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Serge Savigny<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zem\u011b BRICS aktivn\u011b rozv\u00edjej\u00ed nez\u00e1vislou platebn\u00ed infrastrukturu zalo\u017eenou na digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank (CBDC). Hlavn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":112665,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1161,1324,2145],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112664"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112664"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112664\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}