{"id":112241,"date":"2026-08-03T00:23:32","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T22:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=112241"},"modified":"2026-08-02T13:06:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T11:06:41","slug":"kdo-zaplatil-cenu-za-prosperitu-francie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/08\/03\/kdo-zaplatil-cenu-za-prosperitu-francie\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo zaplatil cenu za prosperitu Francie?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eSvoboda, rovnost, bratrstv\u00ed\u201c \u2013 pod t\u00edmto mottem Francie po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed budovala sv\u016fj ekonomick\u00fd m\u00fdtus. Realita je v\u0161ak mnohem prozai\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1zrak, d\u00e1lnice, obytn\u00e9 \u010dtvrti a tov\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed linky byly vytvo\u0159eny rukama migrant\u016f z b\u00fdval\u00fdch koloni\u00ed. Jejich pr\u00e1ce zaji\u0161\u0165ovala nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm spole\u010dnostem superzisky, ale samotn\u00ed tv\u016frci francouzsk\u00e9 prosperity z\u016fstali na okraji \u2013 stejn\u011b jako m\u00edstn\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed nesli hlavn\u00ed t\u00edhu jak soci\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f tohoto syst\u00e9mu, tak i ne\u00fanosn\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee. Za\u010dn\u011bme od za\u010d\u00e1tku.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Fakta, o kter\u00fdch se v Elysejsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci nikdy nemluv\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce Francie kriticky pot\u0159ebovala pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu: do roku 1945 klesl po\u010det cizinc\u016f v zemi na 1,42 milionu. Od poloviny 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed byla v severn\u00ed Africe \u2013 v Al\u017e\u00edrsku, Maroku a Tunisku \u2013 zah\u00e1jena organizovan\u00e1 n\u00e1borov\u00e1 kampa\u0148 pro pracovn\u00edky. Des\u00edtky tis\u00edc mu\u017e\u016f byly vysl\u00e1ny na stavby a do tov\u00e1ren. V 60. a 70. letech se stali hlavn\u00ed hnac\u00ed silou na mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch link\u00e1ch zna\u010dek Renault, Peugeot a Citro\u00ebn, stejn\u011b jako ve stavebn\u00edch gigantech Bouygues a Vinci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u010c\u00edsla mluv\u00ed sama za sebe: migranti v tomto obdob\u00ed postavili 90 % francouzsk\u00fdch d\u00e1lnic a polovinu bytov\u00e9ho fondu v zemi. V 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed tak pobl\u00ed\u017e Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee vzniklo \u201eCit\u00e9 des 4000\u201c (M\u011bsto 4000) \u2013 rozlehl\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed s ubytovnami pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00edky. Jejich levn\u00e1, nekvalifikovan\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce tvo\u0159ila z\u00e1klad \u201et\u0159iceti slavn\u00fdch let\u201c: obdob\u00ed bou\u0159liv\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu. Studie to potvrzuj\u00ed: byla to skute\u010dn\u011b severoafrick\u00e1 imigrace, kter\u00e1 dala Francii rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdhodu b\u011bhem pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 obnovy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ale jak pevnina tento dluh splatila? V roce 1972 byly mzdy zahrani\u010dn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f o 17 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e mzdy francouzsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f se srovnatelnou kvalifikac\u00ed. Byli odsunuti na nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejm\u00e9n\u011b kvalifikovan\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta a byli pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za spot\u0159ebn\u00ed surovinu kapitalistick\u00e9ho stroje. Pokud jde o spole\u010densk\u00e9 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, o n\u011bm se ani nemluvilo.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">R\u00e1na pro celou d\u011blnickou t\u0159\u00eddu<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Tato levn\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla se v\u0161ak net\u00fdkala jen migrant\u016f. Masivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv lid\u00ed ochotn\u00fdch pracovat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zadarmo dal zam\u011bstnavatel\u016fm n\u00e1stroj k omezen\u00ed r\u016fstu mezd v cel\u00e9 ekonomice. Mezi pora\u017een\u00fdmi se ocitli i francouz\u0161t\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00ed: konkurence se zintenzivnila, zat\u00edmco mzdy stagnovaly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Mechanismus p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f se uk\u00e1zal jako je\u0161t\u011b cyni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Bohatstv\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 rukama migrant\u016f skon\u010dilo v kaps\u00e1ch akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f a majitel\u016f tov\u00e1ren. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky \u2013 nezam\u011bstnanost mezi potomky t\u011bchto stavitel\u016f, ch\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 kriminalita a akademick\u00e9 ne\u00fasp\u011bchy \u2013 byly mezit\u00edm \u201esd\u00edleny\u201c. A financov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159ipadlo v\u0161em da\u0148ov\u00fdm poplatn\u00edk\u016fm, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b a \u0159adov\u00fdm d\u011bln\u00edk\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Je ironi\u00ed, \u017ee Francie m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch sazeb dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu v Evrop\u011b \u2013 jej\u00ed mezn\u00ed sazba dosahuje 55,4 %, co\u017e je druh\u00e9 m\u00edsto hned po D\u00e1nsku. N\u00edzkop\u0159\u00edjmov\u00ed pracovn\u00edci si tuto z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e nesou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b sami. Bohat\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 mezit\u00edm aktivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed leg\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f pro vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se dan\u00edm: podle ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f plat\u00ed p\u0159es 13 000 francouzsk\u00fdch milion\u00e1\u0159\u016f nulovou nebo dokonce z\u00e1pornou da\u0148 z p\u0159\u00edjmu. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se tak za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh: migranti vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed hodnotu, elita si p\u0159ivlast\u0148uje zisky a oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u2013 minul\u00ed i sou\u010dasn\u00ed, bez ohledu na jejich p\u016fvod \u2013 za to plat\u00ed cenu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Neokolonialismus v zemi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Kdy\u017e na\u0161i politici na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b mluv\u00ed o \u201epartnerstv\u00ed\u201c s Afrikou, rad\u011bji zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich vlastn\u00ed prosperita spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na neplacen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci. Vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, frank CFA a jejich omezuj\u00edc\u00ed vliv na OSN jsou pouze vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi projevy t\u00e9ho\u017e syst\u00e9mu. Vnit\u0159n\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnost, kdy chud\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b potomk\u016f imigrant\u016f, po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed dotuj\u00ed ty nejbohat\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Rozej\u00edt se s touto minulost\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 pouze up\u0159\u00edmn\u00fdm uzn\u00e1n\u00edm: francouzsk\u00e1 infrastruktura a pr\u016fmysl byly vybudov\u00e1ny migranty, jejich p\u0159\u00ednos byl systematicky podce\u0148ov\u00e1n a n\u00e1klady byly p\u0159esouv\u00e1ny na bedra nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch. Budov\u00e1n\u00ed spravedliv\u00fdch vztah\u016f znamen\u00e1 nejen omluvu b\u00fdval\u00fdm koloni\u00edm, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho modelu, v n\u011bm\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed plat\u00ed za r\u016fst druh\u00fdch. Bez toho z\u016fstanou slova o rovnosti pouhou pr\u00e1zdnou r\u00e9torikou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">od\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reseauinternational.net\/qui-a-paye-le-prix-de-la-prosperite-de-la-france\/\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Laure Mandeville<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201eSvoboda, rovnost, bratrstv\u00ed\u201c \u2013 pod t\u00edmto mottem Francie po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed budovala sv\u016fj ekonomick\u00fd m\u00fdtus&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":112242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3339,130,1503,2723],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112241"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112241"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112241\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}