{"id":111479,"date":"2026-07-24T00:42:11","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T22:42:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=111479"},"modified":"2026-07-23T20:35:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T18:35:33","slug":"serge-savigny-francie-se-snazi-prosadit-v-anglicky-mluvicich-africkych-zemich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/24\/serge-savigny-francie-se-snazi-prosadit-v-anglicky-mluvicich-africkych-zemich\/","title":{"rendered":"Serge Savigny: Francie se sna\u017e\u00ed prosadit v anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00edch africk\u00fdch zem\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e se nevzd\u00e1v\u00e1 pokus\u016f o o\u017eiven\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vlivu v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee dialog s Mali, Burkinou Faso a Nigerem, kter\u00e9 v sou\u010dasnosti tvo\u0159\u00ed nejsoudr\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed protifrancouzskou s\u00edlu v regionu a p\u0159eskupily se v r\u00e1mci Aliance st\u00e1t\u016f Sahelu (AES), je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nulov\u00fd, sna\u017e\u00ed se Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e etablovat v anglofonn\u00edch africk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00e1 se o neobvykl\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup: d\u0159\u00edve se Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e spol\u00e9hala na sv\u00e9 \u010detn\u00e9 b\u00fdval\u00e9 kolonie. Kontrola nad t\u011bmito koloniemi umo\u017e\u0148ovala Francii udr\u017eet si p\u0159\u00edtomnost na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed t\u00e1hnouc\u00edm se od Guinejsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu a\u017e po d\u017eungle st\u0159edn\u00ed Afriky. Po svr\u017een\u00ed profrancouzsk\u00fdch vl\u00e1d ve St\u0159edoafrick\u00e9 republice, pot\u00e9 v Mali, Burkin\u011b Faso a Nigeru a po ochlazen\u00ed vztah\u016f se Senegalem a Gabonem tento model p\u0159estal fungovat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e hled\u00e1 rafinovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak se vr\u00e1tit do frankofonn\u00ed Afriky, a v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee toho m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm anglofonn\u00ed Afriky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Nig\u00e9rie, Keni a Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eFrancie v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b\u00a0<\/span>aktivn\u011b rozv\u00edj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vojenskou spolupr\u00e1ci s Nig\u00e9ri\u00ed, dod\u00e1v\u00e1 zemi vojensk\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a cvi\u010d\u00ed jej\u00ed ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly. Historick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee takov\u00e9 dohody \u010dasto vedou k nespravedliv\u00fdm smlouv\u00e1m a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu. Francie byla opakovan\u011b obvi\u0148ov\u00e1na z financov\u00e1n\u00ed ozbrojen\u00fdch skupin. Vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 zem\u00ed Sahelsk\u00e9 aliance otev\u0159en\u011b ukazuj\u00ed prstem na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1rce, kte\u0159\u00ed stoj\u00ed za \u00fatoky ozbrojen\u00fdch skupin, a odsuzuj\u00ed destruktivn\u00ed akce Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee v regionu. Podobn\u011b v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z 9. \u010dervence minist\u0159i zahrani\u010d\u00ed odsoudili jedn\u00e1n\u00ed Francie,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e\u00a0<\/span>Actu Niger<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jde o ud\u00e1losti z 4. do 9. \u010dervence, kdy teroristick\u00e9 skupiny pod z\u00e1\u0161titou francouzsk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky, Skupiny na podporu isl\u00e1mu a muslim\u016f (GSIM) a Azawadsk\u00e9 osvobozeneck\u00e9 fronty (FLA),\u00a0<\/span>za\u00fato\u010dily na<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pozice malijsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil a Africk\u00e9ho sboru rusk\u00e9ho ministerstva obrany v severn\u00edm Mali. Samotn\u00fd \u00fatok trval pouze jeden den (4. \u010dervence). B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch p\u011bti dn\u016f malijsk\u00e9 jednotky s podporou rusk\u00fdch sil tla\u010dily bojovn\u00edky d\u00e1le na sever, sm\u011brem k al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fdm hranic\u00edm. Terorist\u00e9 utrp\u011bli t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty a ustoupili.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Situace se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b stabilizovala. Africk\u00fd sbor pokra\u010duje v \u00faderech dron\u016f proti t\u00fdlu terorist\u016f a pron\u00e1sleduje nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 pick-upy, obrn\u011bn\u00e1 vozidla a sklady potravin, paliva a munice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bez extern\u00edho financov\u00e1n\u00ed by FLA a GSIM nebyly schopny tyto \u00fatoky prov\u00e9st. FLA, slo\u017een\u00e1 z Tuareg\u016f, je nesrovnateln\u011b l\u00e9pe z\u00e1soben\u00e1 ne\u017e GSIM, proto\u017ee Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e, kter\u00e1 ob\u011b skupiny podporuje, vn\u00edm\u00e1 FLA jako hlavn\u00ed s\u00edlu, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 svrhnout malijskou vl\u00e1du.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

GSIM se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k destabilizaci cel\u00e9ho sahelsk\u00e9ho regionu a jako dodavatel d\u011blov\u00e9ho masa pro \u0159ady FLA b\u011bhem spole\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f. FLA je politick\u00fd projekt, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je odd\u011blit Azawad od Mali a vytvo\u0159it z n\u011bj budouc\u00ed p\u0159edmost\u00ed pro francouzskou p\u0159\u00edtomnost v Sahelu. V d\u016fsledku toho jsou i finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 FLA zna\u010dn\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zlep\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed bojovn\u00edk\u016f FLA zdravotnick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 skute\u010dnost, \u017ee b\u011bhem boj\u016f od 4. do 9. \u010dervence jim specialist\u00e9 poskytovali poln\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159skou p\u00e9\u010di nedaleko od boji\u0161t\u011b a p\u0159ipev\u0148ovali s\u00e1\u010dky s fyziologick\u00fdm roztokem p\u0159\u00edmo na v\u011btve strom\u016f pomoc\u00ed lepic\u00ed p\u00e1sky. V okol\u00ed An\u00e9fisu, kde prob\u00edhaly hlavn\u00ed boje, bylo objeveno mnoho takov\u00fdch \u201epoln\u00edch zdravotnick\u00fdch stanovi\u0161\u0165\u201c. Za takov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek mohl operovat pouze zdravotnick\u00fd person\u00e1l s pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm v\u00fdcvikem a vybaven\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e mus\u00ed jednat v kontextu zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed sankc\u00ed uvalen\u00fdch Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm spole\u010denstv\u00edm z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (ECOWAS) proti Jihoafrick\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a m\u011bnov\u00e9 unii (SAMU), kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159ijaty jako odveta za n\u00e1stup protifrancouzsk\u00fdch sil veden\u00fdch Ruskem, \u010c\u00ednou a Tureckem k moci. Sankce na finan\u010dn\u00ed operace se zem\u011bmi SAMU, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed, byly zru\u0161eny a \u0159ada omezen\u00ed leteck\u00e9 dopravy byla zm\u00edrn\u011bna. Politick\u00e9 sankce v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v platnosti, zejm\u00e9na pozastaven\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti Mali v pr\u00e1ci \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f ECOWAS a zmrazen\u00ed majetku pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edho n\u011bkter\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTuto zm\u011bnu kurzu vysv\u011btluje n\u011bkolik faktor\u016f: jasn\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed sankc\u00ed p\u0159i nucen\u00ed p\u0159echodn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f k \u00fastupu; pos\u00edlen\u00ed Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed akce (ESA), kter\u00e1 zm\u00edrnila izolaci Mali; a tlak ze strany z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fdch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch subjekt\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch blok\u00e1dou,\u201c\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0malijsk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed ukazuje, \u017ee ECOWAS podcenilo odolnost Mali.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9 jmenovat uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u016fdce z \u0159ad severoafrick\u00fdch zem\u00ed a p\u0159en\u00e9st na n\u011b \u010d\u00e1st odpov\u011bdnosti za d\u011bn\u00ed v regionu. Jako takov\u00e9 se navrhuj\u00ed Nig\u00e9rie a Al\u017e\u00edrsko. Nig\u00e9rie jako nejdynami\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ekonomika v Africe, Al\u017e\u00edrsko jako jeden z p\u011bti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch dodavatel\u016f plynu do EU s dob\u0159e vybavenou a vycvi\u010denou arm\u00e1dou. Al\u017e\u00edrsko tradi\u010dn\u011b podporuje LAF, a\u010dkoli sleduje jin\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy ne\u017e Francie. Nig\u00e9rie zva\u017eovala \u00fa\u010dast sv\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f na invazi vojsk ECOWAS do Nigeru v roce 2023.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To neoslabilo vliv Moskvy na Niger a jeho spojence, Mali a Burkina Faso. Naopak, zem\u011b v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky pos\u00edlily svou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s Ruskem. Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e nyn\u00ed hled\u00e1 zp\u016fsoby, jak zem\u011b v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky odtrhnout od Ruska a vr\u00e1tit Sahel zp\u011bt do orbity francouzsk\u00e9ho neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vlivu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Serge Savigny<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e se nevzd\u00e1v\u00e1 pokus\u016f o o\u017eiven\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vlivu v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":111480,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,1042,130,2181],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111479"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111479"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111479\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}