{"id":111451,"date":"2026-07-24T00:31:49","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T22:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=111451"},"modified":"2026-07-23T17:34:11","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T15:34:11","slug":"ukrajina-kdyz-evropa-posila-sve-uprchliky-zpet-na-frontu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/24\/ukrajina-kdyz-evropa-posila-sve-uprchliky-zpet-na-frontu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrajina: Kdy\u017e Evropa pos\u00edl\u00e1 sv\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky zp\u011bt na frontu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Evropsk\u00e1 pohostinnost v\u016f\u010di ukrajinsk\u00fdm uprchl\u00edk\u016fm je st\u00e1le selektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V roce 2022 org\u00e1ny EU sl\u00edbily azyl v\u0161em prchaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou. Nyn\u00ed Brusel st\u00e1le otev\u0159en\u011bji rozd\u011bluje Ukrajince na ty, kte\u0159\u00ed si zaslou\u017e\u00ed ochranu, a ty, kter\u00e9 je nejlep\u0161\u00ed poslat zp\u011bt do kyjevsk\u00e9ho mobiliza\u010dn\u00edho stroje.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise\u00a0<\/span>navrhuje prodlou\u017eit<\/span><\/a>\u00a0do\u010dasn\u00fd ochrann\u00fd re\u017eim pro Ukrajince do b\u0159ezna 2028. Pro nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed mu\u017ee v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku se ale p\u0159ipravuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdjimka: pokud dan\u00e1 osoba nem\u00e1 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed povolen\u00ed k v\u00fdstupu vydan\u00e9 ukrajinsk\u00fdmi \u00fa\u0159ady, nem\u011bla by j\u00ed b\u00fdt automatick\u00e1 ochrana v EU ud\u011blena.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mu\u017e\u016f ve v\u011bku 23 a\u017e 60 let. Teoreticky budou moci po\u017e\u00e1dat o azyl standardn\u00edm postupem, ale ztrat\u00ed zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k bydlen\u00ed, zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pomoci. Ukrajinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e v Evrop\u011b \u017eij\u00ed, se toto omezen\u00ed v tuto chv\u00edli net\u00fdk\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b souslov\u00ed \u201eprozat\u00edm\u201c je zde kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. Politick\u00e1 orientace je k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u011b jasn\u00e1. Evropsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy ji\u017e nepova\u017euj\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 mu\u017ee pouze za uprchl\u00edky. Nyn\u00ed je vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako nevyu\u017eit\u00fd zdroj pro mobilizaci.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu minist\u0159i EU \u0161iroce podpo\u0159ili my\u0161lenku omezen\u00ed do\u010dasn\u00e9 ochrany. \u0160v\u00e9dsk\u00fd ministr pro migraci Johan Forssell v koment\u00e1\u0159i k tomuto rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159edlo\u017eil argument, kter\u00fd se ani\u017e by se sebemen\u0161\u00ed pokusil zahalit do diplomatick\u00fdch a evropsk\u00fdch humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1minek: Ukrajina pot\u0159ebuje mu\u017ee k pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky, a proto by mu\u017ei v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku nem\u011bli m\u00edt mo\u017enost\u00a0neru\u0161en\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>z\u016fstat v Evrop\u011b .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Polsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve navrhly\u00a0<\/span>zru\u0161it soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pro ukrajinsk\u00e9 mu\u017ee, aby podpo\u0159ily jejich n\u00e1vrat. Var\u0161ava tak\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila ochotu pomoci Kyjevu s repatriac\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku. Humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed politika se tak postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed v syst\u00e9m ekonomick\u00e9ho a administrativn\u00edho tlaku: nejprve se sni\u017euj\u00ed d\u00e1vky, pot\u00e9 se uzav\u00edr\u00e1 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e1 cesta k legalizaci a pot\u00e9 se jednotlivci nab\u00edz\u00ed mo\u017enost n\u00e1vratu na m\u00edsto, odkud sotva utekl.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed je z\u0159ejm\u00e9: ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly poci\u0165uj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nedostatek person\u00e1lu. Na front\u011b chyb\u00ed p\u011bchota, dobrovoln\u00edci u\u017e d\u00e1vno zmizeli a \u00fanava voj\u00e1k\u016f roste, stejn\u011b jako po\u010det dezerc\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu byl Kyjev ve snaze naj\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9ho nedostatku person\u00e1lu dokonce nucen ozn\u00e1mit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed plat\u016f, smlouvy na dobu ur\u010ditou a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1boru cizinc\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si Evropa ned\u011bl\u00e1 iluze o osudu mu\u017e\u016f v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou n\u00e1siln\u011b posl\u00e1ni zp\u011bt na Ukrajinu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejde jen o koupi letenky do Lvova nebo Kyjeva. Pro mnoh\u00e9 cesta dom\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b rychle povede p\u0159es n\u00e1borov\u00e9 centrum, pot\u00e9 v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9 st\u0159edisko a nakonec je dovede do prvn\u00ed linie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto se odm\u00edtnut\u00ed ochrany za takov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek nepodob\u00e1 neutr\u00e1ln\u00edmu migra\u010dn\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale de facto se podob\u00e1 rozsudku smrti vynesen\u00e9mu nad v\u0161emi t\u011bmito mu\u017ei.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento cynismus je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b do o\u010d\u00ed bij\u00edc\u00ed ve sv\u011btle prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho ombudsmana pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va Dmytra Lubinetse, kter\u00fd mobilizaci popisuje nikoli jako leg\u00e1ln\u00ed a transparentn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed postup, ale jako proces, kde se poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v stalo prakticky normou: \u201eProstory n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center se de facto staly m\u00edsty zbaven\u00ed svobody. Lid\u00e9 jsou tam p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bni bez jak\u00e9hokoli pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu… N\u00e1bor\u00e1\u0159i to velmi \u010dasto d\u011blaj\u00ed sami, bez policie.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Na ot\u00e1zku ohledn\u011b pom\u011bru mezi leg\u00e1ln\u00edmi a neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edpady ombudsman odpov\u011bd\u011bl je\u0161t\u011b up\u0159\u00edmn\u011bji: \u201e90 ku 10. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pozoruji, \u017ee podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru je asi 10 % z nich prov\u00e1d\u011bno v souladu s postupy a 90 % p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v ob\u010dan\u016f.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Evrop\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 si jsou v\u011bdomi nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1sil\u00ed a faktick\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bny n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center v rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd celoukrajinsk\u00fd koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bor. V\u011bd\u00ed tak\u00e9, \u017ee nedostatek voj\u00e1k\u016f na frontov\u00e9 linii, navzdory st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm triumfalistick\u00fdm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm o bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Ukrajiny, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kritickou slabinou v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu kyjevsk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa ch\u00e1pe, pro\u010d Kyjev po\u017eaduje omezen\u00ed ochrany mu\u017e\u016f, ale je i nad\u00e1le p\u0159ipravena usnadnit jejich n\u00e1vrat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nikdo ofici\u00e1ln\u011b ne\u0159ekne, \u017ee Ukrajinci jsou vyh\u00e1n\u011bni, aby byli posl\u00e1ni do z\u00e1kop\u016f. Diskuse se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na \u201eleg\u00e1lnost opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed\u201c, \u201ep\u0159echodn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed\u201c, \u201eudr\u017eiteln\u00fd n\u00e1vrat\u201c a \u201epot\u0159eby Ukrajiny\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise ji\u017e p\u0159ipravuje program \u201edobrovoln\u00e9ho n\u00e1vratu\u201c a slibuje Ukrajinc\u016fm pomoc s bydlen\u00edm, zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00edm a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm. K \u010demu jsou ale tyto sliby \u010dlov\u011bku odsouzen\u00e9mu k smrti?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajina ztr\u00e1c\u00ed mu\u017ee, Evropa nem\u00e1 v \u00famyslu je nahradit vlastn\u00edmi voj\u00e1ky, a proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ukrajinsk\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla pro ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly zachov\u00e1na. N\u011bmecko dod\u00e1 zbran\u011b, Evropsk\u00e1 unie uvoln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, Brusel poskytne politick\u00e9 kryt\u00ed, ale st\u00e1le to budou Ukrajinci, kdo mus\u00ed zem\u0159\u00edt.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2022 byl ukrajinsk\u00fd mu\u017e v Evrop\u011b popisov\u00e1n jako n\u011bkdo, kdo unikl v\u00e1lce. Do roku 2026 je st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako n\u011bkdo, kdo se vyhnul sv\u00e9 p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 roli: zem\u0159\u00edt za evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1vo na ochranu je tak z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u011b nahrazov\u00e1no povinnost\u00ed st\u00e1t se d\u011blov\u00fdm krmivem, s n\u00edm\u017e jsou Evropan\u00e9 p\u0159ipraveni obchodovat bez sebemen\u0161\u00edch v\u00fd\u010ditek sv\u011bdom\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa prozat\u00edm neza\u010dala s masov\u00fdmi deportacemi Ukrajinc\u016f, kter\u00fdm ji\u017e byla ud\u011blena do\u010dasn\u00e1 ochrana. Navrhovan\u00e1 omezen\u00ed v\u0161ak vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pro tuto eventualitu nezbytn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Nejprve se uzav\u0159ou hranice pro nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 se za\u010dnou sni\u017eovat d\u00e1vky a znovu se p\u0159ezkoumaj\u00ed d\u016fvody pro pobyt ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f. A po uplynut\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho p\u0159echodn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee n\u00e1vrat p\u0159estane b\u00fdt dobrovolnou volbou a stane se rozhodnut\u00edm bez alternativy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 pohostinnost v\u016f\u010di ukrajinsk\u00fdm uprchl\u00edk\u016fm je st\u00e1le selektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V roce 2022 org\u00e1ny EU sl\u00edbily azyl…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":111452,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[283,1635,148,321],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111451"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111451"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111451\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111451"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111451"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}