{"id":111020,"date":"2026-07-18T06:41:57","date_gmt":"2026-07-18T04:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=111020"},"modified":"2026-07-18T06:41:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T04:41:57","slug":"alexandre-lemoine-bude-americka-licence-na-rakety-patriot-pro-ukrajinu-uzitecna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/18\/alexandre-lemoine-bude-americka-licence-na-rakety-patriot-pro-ukrajinu-uzitecna\/","title":{"rendered":"Alexandre Lemoine: Bude americk\u00e1 licence na rakety Patriot pro Ukrajinu u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Na summitu NATO v Anka\u0159e americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump sl\u00edbil, \u017ee Kyjevu ud\u011bl\u00ed licenci na v\u00fdrobu raket pro americk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany Patriot. N\u00e1vrh se zd\u00e1l jednoduch\u00fd: chcete v\u00edce raket, vyrobte si je sami.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, jak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je takovou v\u00fdrobu zav\u00e9st, zn\u011bla Trumpova pozn\u00e1mka jako v\u00fdsm\u011bch Zelensk\u00e9mu. Kyjev je v\u0161ak p\u0159ipraven vyu\u017e\u00edt ka\u017edou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00e9 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany. Rusk\u00e9 \u00fatoky na vojensk\u00e9 objekty na Ukrajin\u011b se v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech zna\u010dn\u011b zintenzivnily a staly se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Byly zni\u010deny v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby zbran\u00ed ve vojensk\u00fdch skladech, stejn\u011b jako kapacity obrann\u00fdch firem montuj\u00edc\u00edch drony.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly prakticky vy\u010derpaly sv\u00e9 z\u00e1soby raket pro opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany, zejm\u00e9na americk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proti rusk\u00fdm raketov\u00fdm \u00fader\u016fm. Bez nov\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek raket pro syst\u00e9my Patriot by se vojensk\u00e9 schopnosti Ukrajiny mohly b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit. Ukrajinsk\u00e1 produkce dron\u016f by pak klesla na \u00farove\u0148, kter\u00e1 by Kyjevu zabr\u00e1nila v prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pravideln\u00fdch \u00fader\u016f proti Moskv\u011b a rusk\u00fdm \u00fazem\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zelenskyj v posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch opakovan\u011b vyz\u00fdval sv\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed partnery k nov\u00fdm dod\u00e1vk\u00e1m syst\u00e9m\u016f protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany. Situace s \u00cdr\u00e1nem v\u0161ak vedla k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sob raket Patriot, kter\u00e9 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a jejich spojenci dr\u017e\u00ed. Americk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Lockheed Martin ve spolupr\u00e1ci s dal\u0161\u00edmi spole\u010dnostmi dlouhodob\u011b dod\u00e1vala p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 350 raket ro\u010dn\u011b. Teprve v roce 2024 se jejich produkce zv\u00fd\u0161ila na 500 raket a pot\u00e9 v roce 2025 na 650.<\/span><\/p>\n

Schopnost Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it dod\u00e1vky raket Patriot je extr\u00e9mn\u011b omezen\u00e1. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee to byl jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se Washington rozhodl ud\u011blit sv\u00fdm partner\u016fm nov\u00e9 licence.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba raket Patriot mimo Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty je dosud povolena\u00a0<\/span>pouze ve dvou zem\u00edch sv\u011bta<\/span><\/a>\u00a0: v Japonsku a N\u011bmecku. Tokio, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskalo americkou licenci v roce 2005, trvalo t\u0159i roky, ne\u017e zavedlo v\u00fdrobu. Objem japonsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 omezen\u00fd, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30 raket ro\u010dn\u011b. Berl\u00edn z\u00edskal podobnou licenci v roce 2022, ale prvn\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9 rakety Patriot se neo\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e v roce 2027.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory optimistick\u00fdm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm Kyjeva je v\u00fdroba raket v ukrajinsk\u00fdch podnic\u00edch v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce a\u017e dvou letech nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1. Nen\u00ed to jen kv\u016fli pot\u0159eb\u011b zajistit dod\u00e1vky od des\u00edtek zahrani\u010dn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed zapojen\u00fdch do v\u00fdroby americk\u00fdch raket. Ani tyto spole\u010dnosti nebudou schopny n\u00e1hle zv\u00fd\u0161it sv\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 Kyjev nebude schopen rychle zav\u00e9st v\u00fdrobu vlastn\u00edch komponent\u016f od nuly. Za sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry se raketov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba a vysoce kvalifikovan\u00fd person\u00e1l pro vojensk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj na Ukrajin\u011b nach\u00e1zely v Charkov\u011b, Dn\u011bpropetrovsku a Pavlohradu (Dn\u011bpropetrovsk\u00e1 oblast). V\u0161echna tato m\u011bsta jsou nyn\u00ed velmi bl\u00edzko bojov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny a nelze je vyu\u017e\u00edt k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed podnik\u016f v z\u00e1padn\u00edch regionech nezaru\u010duje hladk\u00fd provoz nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Neust\u00e1l\u00e9 v\u00fdpadky proudu a logistick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my na Ukrajin\u011b jsou st\u00e1le z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e znemo\u017e\u0148uje zajistit jejich \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kyjev si nakonec mus\u00ed vybrat mezi pokusem o zaveden\u00ed v\u00fdroby ve vlastn\u00edch podnic\u00edch a spoluprac\u00ed se sousedn\u00ed evropskou zem\u00ed, kde by se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku mohla zorganizovat mont\u00e1\u017e a pozd\u011bji m\u00edstn\u00ed v\u00fdroba raket Patriot.<\/span><\/p>\n

Polsko, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Ukrajina po l\u00e9ta z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch zbran\u00ed, se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee rychl\u00e9 obnoven\u00ed v\u00fdroby raket v ukrajinsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech by trvalo \u201emnoho t\u00fddn\u016f\u201c, ne-li m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Polsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady vyj\u00e1d\u0159ily sv\u016fj pln\u00fd z\u00e1vazek tento probl\u00e9m okam\u017eit\u011b \u0159e\u0161it.<\/span><\/p>\n

Polsk\u00e1 snaha organizovat v\u00fdrobu raket na sv\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed ur\u010ditou logikou. Zaprv\u00e9 jde o rozvoj n\u00e1rodn\u00edho vojensk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu v oblasti v\u00fdroby high-tech zbran\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9, po raket\u00e1ch Patriot roste celosv\u011btov\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka. To neplat\u00ed jen pro Ukrajinu, ale i pro mnoho evropsk\u00fdch a asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed americk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany k ochran\u011b sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. Prodej raket Patriot do zahrani\u010d\u00ed by Var\u0161av\u011b umo\u017enil v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it p\u0159\u00edjmy z mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho obchodu se zbran\u011bmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za t\u0159et\u00ed, vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch polsk\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f na v\u00fdrobu raket pro syst\u00e9my Patriot lze zahrnout do celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle 5 % HDP vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00e9ho na obranu. Na lo\u0148sk\u00e9m summitu NATO se \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zav\u00e1zaly k dosa\u017een\u00ed tohoto c\u00edle do roku 2035.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle posledn\u00edch ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f se Polsko ji\u017e nyn\u00ed \u0159ad\u00ed mezi l\u00eddry v oblasti vojensk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f s m\u00edrou 4,68 % HDP. P\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed ho pouze Litva (5,33 %), Estonsko (5,1 %) a Loty\u0161sko (4,92 %). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst obrann\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f ve v\u0161ech t\u011bchto zem\u00edch je nevyhnuteln\u00fd, zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee soused\u00ed s Ruskem a hluboce se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed jeho \u201eagrese\u201c. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed politi\u010dt\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b tento bod opakovan\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed na v\u0161ech sv\u00fdch sch\u016fzk\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kyjev by se mohl pokusit zkombinovat t\u0159i mo\u017enosti. Prvn\u00ed je pokus o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed tajn\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu na v\u00fdrobu raket Patriot pobl\u00ed\u017e hranic s EU. Druhou je vyu\u017eit\u00ed vojensk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje USA k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 verze rakety Patriot, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b s pou\u017eit\u00edm komponent\u016f od evropsk\u00fdch obrann\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. T\u0159et\u00ed je p\u0159ijet\u00ed polsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu. V\u00fdm\u011bnou za to by se od Var\u0161avy mohly po\u017eadovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00fastupky, jako je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek zbran\u00ed a neblokov\u00e1n\u00ed procesu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o vstupu Ukrajiny do EU.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud Var\u0161ava tyto podm\u00ednky nep\u0159ijme, Kyjev by se mohl pokusit vyjednat s Berl\u00ednem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacity pro rakety Patriot, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b naj\u00edt \u010di otev\u0159\u00edt odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed vojenskou spole\u010dnost v jin\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zemi.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0161echny tyto pl\u00e1ny v\u0161ak Kyjevu nepomohou chr\u00e1nit se p\u0159ed rusk\u00fdmi \u00fadery. Podle odhad\u016f expert\u016f vy\u017eaduje zachycen\u00ed balistick\u00fdch raket Iskander a hypersonick\u00fdch raket Kin\u017eal nejm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det raket Patriot. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed experti odhaduj\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed ruskou produkci t\u011bchto vysoce p\u0159esn\u00fdch raket na 700 a\u017e 2 000 kus\u016f. Kyjev by tedy i na z\u00e1klad\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel pot\u0159eboval k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 obrany nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2 000 raket Patriot ro\u010dn\u011b. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed zem\u011b prost\u011b nejsou schopny takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vyrobit.<\/span><\/p>\n

V d\u016fsledku toho nebude m\u00edt Ukrajina v dohledn\u00e9 budoucnosti \u017e\u00e1dnou re\u00e1lnou mo\u017enost vyhnout se \u00fader\u016fm proti sv\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. To neplat\u00ed ani d\u00edky licenci sl\u00edben\u00e9 Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, ani s pomoc\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Integrovan\u00e9 koalice<\/span><\/a>\u00a0proti balistick\u00fdm raket\u00e1m vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na summitu NATO v Anka\u0159e americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump sl\u00edbil, \u017ee Kyjevu ud\u011bl\u00ed licenci na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":111021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[9902,2215,26,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111020"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111020\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}