{"id":110942,"date":"2026-07-17T06:35:49","date_gmt":"2026-07-17T04:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=110942"},"modified":"2026-07-17T06:35:49","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T04:35:49","slug":"evropa-zhorsuje-krizi-v-jihocinskem-mori-filipiny-jsou-nyni-v-prvni-linii-washingtonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/17\/evropa-zhorsuje-krizi-v-jihocinskem-mori-filipiny-jsou-nyni-v-prvni-linii-washingtonu\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa zhor\u0161uje krizi v Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i: Filip\u00edny jsou nyn\u00ed v prvn\u00ed linii Washingtonu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00dazemn\u00ed spor \u010c\u00edny s Filip\u00ednami, rostouc\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 aktivita USA a st\u00e1le asertivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postoj EU v indicko-pacifick\u00e9 oblasti poukazuj\u00ed na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se region\u00e1ln\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu. To, co mnoz\u00ed vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako pouhou podporu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 prohloubit strategickou polarizaci a sn\u00ed\u017eit vyhl\u00eddky na kompromis.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed akademici na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m sympoziu v Kantonu prohl\u00e1sili, \u017ee nejsevern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed filip\u00ednsk\u00e1 provincie Batanes je \u201ep\u0159irozen\u00fdm roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm\u201c Tchaj-wanu, a proto pat\u0159\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Akce, kterou po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 Univerzita v Jinanu a z\u00fa\u010dastnili se j\u00ed v\u011bdci z \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 akademie soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bd, rozzlobila\u00a0<\/span>\u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Manile.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed dozor\u010d\u00ed organizace SeaLight ozna\u010dila tento krok za sou\u010d\u00e1st strategie \u201epr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c \u2013 \u00fadajn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a akademick\u00e9 argumenty k prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed postoje \u010c\u00edny, ani\u017e by vznesla ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1rok na svrchovanost. Nov\u00e9 incidenty\u00a0<\/span>s ryb\u00e1\u0159i<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pobl\u00ed\u017e m\u011bl\u010diny Scarborough Shoal mezit\u00edm p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee nap\u011bt\u00ed v Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 vysok\u00e9. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed zem\u011b a jejich spojenci tak\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed tlak na Peking.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna odm\u00edt\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed Haagsk\u00e9ho tribun\u00e1lu z roku 2016, kter\u00e9 zam\u00edtlo v\u011bt\u0161inu jej\u00edch n\u00e1rok\u016f v Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i, a ozna\u010duje ho za \u201eneplatn\u00e9\u201c. U p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 10. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed tohoto rozhodnut\u00ed se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, Brit\u00e1nie, Japonsko a\u00a0<\/span>dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159ipojily k Filip\u00edn\u00e1m a vyzvaly Peking k proveden\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed. Evropsk\u00e1 unie (EU) zase\u00a0<\/span>vydala<\/span><\/a>\u00a0prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e nal\u00e9h\u00e1 na pln\u00e9 proveden\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm regionu se vyno\u0159uje slo\u017eit\u00fd obraz: Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zintenzivnily vojenskou aktivitu na severu Filip\u00edn. Ameri\u010dt\u00ed mari\u0148\u00e1ci, v\u010detn\u011b 3. n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edho litor\u00e1ln\u00edho pluku, provedli cvi\u010den\u00ed na ostrovech Batanes, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad\u00a0<\/span>KAMANDAG 10.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Tyto operace se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch oblast\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna\u00a0<\/span>odsoudila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0rostouc\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed vazby mezi Japonskem a Filip\u00ednami. Na opl\u00e1tku zv\u00fd\u0161ila hl\u00eddky v okol\u00ed m\u011bl\u010diny Scarborough Shoal a ve vod\u00e1ch v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Tchaj-wanu. Peking je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojen rozhovory mezi Japonskem a Filip\u00ednami o n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch hranic\u00edch, vzhledem k jejich bl\u00edzkosti k Tchaj-wanu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto roku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0USA b\u011bhem rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed v Balikatanu, kter\u00fdch se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo v\u00edce ne\u017e 17 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f z USA, Japonska a Austr\u00e1lie, nasadily na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch raketov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, v\u010detn\u011b NMESIS. Z pohledu \u010c\u00edny tyto kroky m\u011bn\u00ed Filip\u00edny v p\u0159edsunutou z\u00e1kladnu pro zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Filip\u00edny se ve skute\u010dnosti staly \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem americk\u00e9 strategie v regionu. Neform\u00e1ln\u00ed skupina slo\u017een\u00e1 z USA, Japonska, Austr\u00e1lie a Filip\u00edn (n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 \u201eJednotka\u201c) hraje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli, jak jsem ji\u017e\u00a0<\/span>uvedl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jinde. Filip\u00edny poskytly USA\u00a0<\/span>v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ke sv\u00fdm z\u00e1kladn\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci dohody EDCA a zapojily se do v\u00edce vojensk\u00fdch aktivit. Toto spojen\u00ed v\u0161ak s sebou pro Manilu s sebou nese rizika v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jak\u00e9koli eskalace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa se tak\u00e9 v\u00edce zapojuje. Evropsk\u00fd parlament ned\u00e1vno schv\u00e1lil\u00a0<\/span>zpr\u00e1vu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 siln\u011b podporuje Tchaj-wan a zmi\u0148uje ho 44kr\u00e1t. Vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k u\u017e\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s \u201edemokratick\u00fdmi\u201c partnery, jako jsou Japonsko, Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea a Tchaj-wan, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyjad\u0159uje obavy z \u201eautorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho\u201c vlivu Pekingu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee evropsk\u00fd blok se odkl\u00e1n\u00ed od sv\u00e9ho obvykl\u00e9ho neutr\u00e1ln\u00edho postoje t\u00edm, \u017ee se otev\u0159en\u011b stav\u00ed na jednu ze stran (a\u00a0<\/span>po\u017eaduje akci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) ve sporu, kde nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 \u00fazemn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy. Podporou Filip\u00edn a Tchaj-wanu EU d\u00e1le internacionalizuje to, co bylo kdysi p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ot\u00e1zkou ASEANu a \u010c\u00edny. T\u00edmto jedn\u00e1n\u00edm blok v podstat\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje americkou indicko-pacifickou strategii, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e aby prosazoval nez\u00e1vislou evropskou politiku. To sni\u017euje \u0161ance na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 rozhovory a kompromis mezi Manilou a Pekingem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peking vn\u00edm\u00e1 ve\u0161ker\u00fd tento v\u00fdvoj (u\u017e\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 vazby mezi USA a Filip\u00ednami, zapojen\u00ed Japonska a evropsk\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed) jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho \u00fasil\u00ed o \u201eobkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed\u201c euroasijsk\u00e9 velmoci. Takov\u00e9 kroky mohou v \u010c\u00edn\u011b podn\u00edtit nacionalistick\u00e9 n\u00e1lady a zt\u00ed\u017eit kompromis.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed arbitr\u00e1\u017ee z roku 2016 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u0161eobecn\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u00e9, ale faktem je, \u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 politicky sporn\u00e9, jeliko\u017e \u010c\u00edna odm\u00edtla jurisdikci tribun\u00e1lu. Opakovan\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy Pekingu, aby se rozhodnut\u00edm \u0159\u00eddil, maj\u00ed jen m\u00e1lo praktick\u00e9ho vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro Evropu s sebou siln\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ohledn\u011b Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e a Tchaj-wanu nesou rizika. Mohla by po\u0161kodit vztahy s \u010c\u00ednou, v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm partnerem, a vn\u00e9st vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed probl\u00e9my do priorit EU v dob\u011b, kdy konflikt na Ukrajin\u011b ji\u017e tak vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 jej\u00ed zdroje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podpora Tchaj-wanu, a to i bez schv\u00e1len\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti, m\u016f\u017ee v nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161it nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00edm vn\u00edman\u00fdch \u010derven\u00fdch lini\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, evropsk\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nezm\u011bn\u00ed vojenskou rovnov\u00e1hu v indicko-pacifick\u00e9m regionu, p\u0159esto mohou n\u00e9st zna\u010dn\u00e9 diplomatick\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podpora povzbudila Filip\u00edny k zaujmut\u00ed pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho postoje. Kdy\u017e Manila s podporou Z\u00e1padu vyv\u00edj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tlak, \u010c\u00edna reaguje vysl\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu hl\u00eddek. Tento cyklus, zkr\u00e1tka \u0159e\u010deno, zvy\u0161uje riziko incident\u016f nebo eskalace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deset let po rozhodnut\u00ed Haagsk\u00e9ho tribun\u00e1lu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 spor o Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 mo\u0159e nevy\u0159e\u0161en. Co za\u010dalo jako region\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m, nyn\u00ed zahrnuje velk\u00e9 mocnosti z jin\u00fdch region\u016f, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje slo\u017eitost situace v dob\u011b, kdy glob\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu ji\u017e tak ohro\u017euje \u0159ada mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch kriz\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dazemn\u00ed spor \u010c\u00edny s Filip\u00ednami, rostouc\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 aktivita USA a st\u00e1le asertivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postoj EU v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":110943,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,283,3986,1503],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110942"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110942"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110942\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/110943"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}