{"id":110567,"date":"2026-07-12T00:17:38","date_gmt":"2026-07-11T22:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=110567"},"modified":"2026-07-11T13:53:29","modified_gmt":"2026-07-11T11:53:29","slug":"izrael-je-stat-apartheidu-a-jeho-neobvykle-zakony-o-manzelstvi-ukazuji-proc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/12\/izrael-je-stat-apartheidu-a-jeho-neobvykle-zakony-o-manzelstvi-ukazuji-proc\/","title":{"rendered":"Izrael je st\u00e1t apartheidu \u2013 a jeho neobvykl\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o man\u017eelstv\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed pro\u010d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael je jedinou zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00e1 neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 svou vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1rodnost. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee sd\u00edlen\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identita by podkopala pe\u010dliv\u011b maskovan\u00fd izraelsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m segregace.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael\u0161t\u00ed stoupenci se rozbou\u0159ili kv\u016fli kr\u00e1tk\u00e9mu \u010dl\u00e1nku novin\u00e1\u0159e Mehdiho Hasana na serveru X, v n\u011bm\u017e poukazuje na zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o man\u017eelstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Hasan se pt\u00e1: \u201eV\u011bd\u011bl jsi, \u017ee v Izraeli nem\u016f\u017ee\u0161 m\u00edt ob\u010dansk\u00e9 ani sv\u011btsk\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed?\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\"><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-0\" class=\"\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?dnt=false&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-0&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=2071449625202938195&amp;lang=cs&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Funcutnews.ch%2Fisrael-ist-ein-apartheidstaat-und-seine-ungewoehnlichen-ehegesetze-zeigen-warum%2F&amp;sessionId=f6401c711e2912180a6a9fa923ffb5e0261851e4&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-tweet-id=\"2071449625202938195\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159eklady \u201eX\u201c<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0: V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee v Izraeli nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 ani sv\u011btsk\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 zem\u00ed m\u00e1 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Izrael mezi n\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed! Izraelsk\u00e9 sebevymezen\u00ed jako \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu ve skute\u010dnosti ani nen\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm. To, \u017ee Mamdani tuto chybu st\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00e1 a zam\u011b\u0159uje se na jedin\u00fd \u017eidovsk\u00fd st\u00e1t na sv\u011bt\u011b jako na st\u00e1t, kter\u00fd nem\u016f\u017ee podporovat&#8230; Nejsem si jist\u00fd, jak m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdo st\u00e1le tvrdit, \u017ee to nen\u00ed o\u010dividn\u011b antisemitsk\u00e9. St\u00e1le odsuzuje Izrael zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm to d\u011bl\u00e1 jen m\u00e1lo jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nem\u00fdl\u00ed se. Izrael zak\u00e1zal civiln\u00ed s\u0148atky. S\u0148atek je mo\u017en\u00fd pouze p\u0159i ob\u0159adu p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b kontrolovan\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi autoritami. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo si p\u0159eje m\u00edt civiln\u00ed ob\u0159ad, mus\u00ed cestovat do jin\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u010clov\u011bk by se pr\u00e1vem mohl pt\u00e1t, pro\u010d tomu tak je. Nen\u00ed Izrael modern\u00ed, sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed, z\u00e1padn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovlivn\u011bn\u00e1 liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie? Koneckonc\u016f, to n\u00e1m na\u0161i politici a m\u00e9dia neust\u00e1le \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f izraelsk\u00fdch obr\u00e1nc\u016f na Hasanovo kritiku \u2013 \u017ee situace v Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii nen\u00ed o nic lep\u0161\u00ed \u2013 nen\u00ed tak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e1, jak si pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b mysl\u00ed. Tak\u017ee Izrael nab\u00edz\u00ed stejnou ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v jako Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie? P\u016fsobiv\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Jin\u00ed poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee Izrael p\u0159evzal z Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e tzv. syst\u00e9m \u201emillet\u201c, kter\u00fd v\u016fdc\u016fm ka\u017ed\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 skupiny na cel\u00e9m Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b ud\u011bloval autonomn\u00ed kontrolu nad n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi z\u00e1le\u017eitostmi jejich komunity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Syst\u00e9m nepochybn\u011b fungoval p\u0159ed 150 lety relativn\u011b dob\u0159e p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi komunitami v n\u00e1bo\u017eensky rozmanit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech velk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Zabra\u0148oval \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm v Konstantinopoli \u2013 dne\u0161n\u00edm Istanbulu \u2013 v hlub\u0161\u00edm zapojen\u00ed se do ka\u017edodenn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed sv\u00fdch \u010dasto vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch poddan\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ale p\u0159ed 150 lety Brit\u00e1nie pos\u00edlala d\u011bti do kom\u00edn\u016f, aby je vymetaly. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v t\u00e9 dob\u011b byl zm\u011bn\u011bn z\u00e1kon, aby se s touto zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dnou prax\u00ed skoncovalo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael byl zalo\u017een t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u0159ed osmi desetilet\u00edmi, \u00fadajn\u011b jako sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed, z\u00e1padn\u00edmi vlivy ovlivn\u011bn\u00e1 liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie. M\u011bl 78 let na to, aby tyto archaick\u00e9 osmansk\u00e9 man\u017eelsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony zm\u011bnil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pro\u010d ne?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ve\u0161ker\u00fd ten povyk kolem Hasanova p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku je zoufal\u00fdm pokusem odv\u00e9st pozornost od skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee zastaral\u00e9 izraelsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o man\u017eelstv\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed, proto\u017ee jsou pro Izrael u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou v\u00edc ne\u017e jen to. Jsou kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 verze apartheidu \u2013 rasistick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu segregace, kter\u00fd se Izraeli s pomoc\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edch politik\u016f a m\u00e9di\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b poda\u0159ilo skr\u00fdt p\u0159ed o\u010dima z\u00e1padn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eDemografick\u00e1 hrozba\u201c<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izraelsk\u00fd z\u00e1kaz ob\u010dansk\u00fdch s\u0148atk\u016f je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro jeho \u00fasil\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit tomu, co d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rasistick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad apartheidn\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika a americk\u00fd Hlubok\u00fd Jih, naz\u00fdvaly \u201em\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm ras\u201c \u2013 tedy sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm vztah\u016fm mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi etnick\u00fdmi skupinami. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomenete, \u017ee i nacist\u00e9 zast\u00e1vali k tomuto t\u00e9matu nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zde je sou\u010dasn\u00fd ministr financ\u00ed Becalel Smotrich, kter\u00fd se v roce 2016 vyslovil proti rasov\u00e9mu m\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">Zabra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed asimilace v \u017eidovsk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b je naprosto legitimn\u00ed a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rasistick\u00e9. V t\u00e9to diskusi p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1te, \u017ee zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdm s\u0148atk\u016fm je \u0161patn\u00e9, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ignorujete fakt, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina [\u017eidovsk\u00fdch] d\u00edvek, kter\u00e9 se zapletou s Araby, jsou chud\u00e9 d\u00edvky, kter\u00e9 jsou vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">B\u00fdval\u00fd ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed Rafi Peretz ozna\u010dil sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 man\u017eelstv\u00ed s \u017didy za \u201edruh\u00fd holocaust\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V Izraeli jsou takov\u00e9 n\u00e1zory pln\u011b b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivota. V roce 2018 Jicchak Herzog, sou\u010dasn\u00fd izraelsk\u00fd prezident a b\u00fdval\u00fd p\u0159edseda \u00fadajn\u011b levicov\u00e9 izraelsk\u00e9 strany, popsal sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 man\u017eelstv\u00ed mezi americk\u00fdmi \u017didy jako \u201emor\u201c, pro kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba naj\u00edt \u201e\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed\u201c \u2013 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ijet\u00edm izraelsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V Izraeli nejsou prim\u00e1rn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem s\u0148atky mezi \u017didy a Palestinci \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi v okupaci \u2013 co\u017e Izrael a jeho podporovatel\u00e9 r\u00e1di fale\u0161n\u011b prezentuj\u00ed jako \u010dist\u011b \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed\u201c probl\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Na okupovan\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Izrael mnohem tvrd\u0161\u00ed metody ne\u017e z\u00e1kony, aby zabr\u00e1nil jak\u00e9mukoli bl\u00edzk\u00e9mu vztahu mezi \u017didy a v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fdm palestinsk\u00fdm obyvatelstvem. Spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na fyzick\u00e9 omezen\u00ed a n\u00e1sil\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Palestinci pod okupac\u00ed jsou n\u00e1siln\u011b odd\u011bleni od izraelsk\u00fdch \u017did\u016f. Jsou uzav\u0159eni ve vlastn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b kontrolovan\u00fdch ghettech izraelskou s\u00edt\u00ed ocelov\u00fdch a betonov\u00fdch bari\u00e9r, izraelskou arm\u00e1dou, kontroln\u00edmi stanovi\u0161ti, segregovan\u00fdmi silnicemi apartheidu na Z\u00e1padn\u00edm b\u0159ehu Jord\u00e1nu a \u017eidovsk\u00fdmi milicemi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na ukraden\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b v takzvan\u00fdch \u201eosad\u00e1ch\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Za takov\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed je sotva jak\u00e1koli \u0161ance na kontakt, nato\u017e na sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 man\u017eelstv\u00ed \u2013 s v\u00fdjimkou p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy izrael\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci nebo ozbrojen\u00ed \u017eidov\u0161t\u00ed osadn\u00edci vpadnou do palestinsk\u00fdch komunit, aby zni\u010dili \u00farodu, zabili hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, otr\u00e1vili studny, zap\u00e1lili domy a auta a bili \u2013 a n\u011bkdy i zabili \u2013 obyvatele.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Izrael\u0161t\u00ed osadn\u00edci zranili Palestince a zabili hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata v OWB | AJ#shorts\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6YCWA9-0PwM?feature=oembed\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v izraelsk\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu segregace st\u00e1le existuje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed slabina.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V roce 1948 Izrael vyhnal 80 procent palestinsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva z jejich domov\u016f a pozemk\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se od t\u00e9 doby nebude naz\u00fdvat Palestina, ale \u201e\u017eidovsk\u00fd\u201c st\u00e1t Izrael.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed Palestinci v\u0161ak v t\u011bchto hranic\u00edch z\u016fstali \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161inou kv\u016fli p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnut\u00ed nebo chyb\u00e1m. Navzdory tajn\u00fdm snah\u00e1m Izraele v letech po v\u00e1lce v roce 1948 o jejich vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed ze st\u00e1tu se izraelsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady brzy dostaly pod mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed tlak, aby t\u011bmto uv\u00edzl\u00fdm Palestinc\u016fm ud\u011blily ob\u010danstv\u00ed \u2013 i kdy\u017e, jak uvid\u00edme, jim to v praxi poskytovalo jen velmi omezen\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">I dnes je Izrael hluboce znepokojen vn\u00edmanou hrozbou ze strany palestinsk\u00fdch \u201eob\u010dan\u016f\u201c t\u0159et\u00ed kategorie \u2013 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00fdch jako \u201eizrael\u0161t\u00ed Arabov\u00e9\u201c. Kv\u016fli vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed porodnosti jejich po\u010det za osm desetilet\u00ed exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b vzrostl a nyn\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u011btinu izraelsk\u00e9 populace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael\u0161t\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159i, v\u011bdci a politici, v\u010detn\u011b premi\u00e9ra Benjamina Netanjahua, pravideln\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed palestinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany zem\u011b za \u201edemografickou hrozbu\u201c a neust\u00e1le se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed o \u201epalestinsk\u00e9 l\u016fno\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t pro v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 ob\u010dany<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael v\u0161ak \u010del\u00ed opa\u010dn\u00e9mu tlaku. Pokud by se jeho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s palestinsk\u00fdmi ob\u010dany stalo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zjevn\u011b rasistick\u00fdm a represivn\u00edm, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed outside\u0159i by si mohli postupn\u011b uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee se nejedn\u00e1 o sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracii z\u00e1padn\u00edho typu, za kterou se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Proizraelsk\u00e1 lobby na Z\u00e1pad\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee takzvan\u00ed \u201eizrael\u0161t\u00ed Arabov\u00e9\u201c maj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b stejn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jako \u017eidovsk\u00e9 obyvatelstvo Izraele, zaru\u010den\u00e1 izraelskou Deklarac\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti. To se ani zdaleka nebl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed pravd\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Adalah, p\u0159edn\u00ed izraelsk\u00e1 organizace pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, spravuje datab\u00e1zi s v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdslovn\u011b diskriminuj\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9 a palestinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany. Tyto z\u00e1kony tvo\u0159\u00ed j\u00e1dro izraelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu apartheidu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kony Izraele, jak\u00fdsi druh \u00fastavy, v\u00fdslovn\u011b vylu\u010duj\u00ed jak\u00fdkoli princip ob\u010dansk\u00e9 rovnosti. Jak\u00fdkoli pokus palestinsk\u00e9 strany v Izraeli o zah\u00e1jen\u00ed debaty v parlamentu o tom, zda se Izrael stane \u201est\u00e1tem v\u0161ech sv\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f\u201c \u2013 tedy liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokraci\u00ed \u2013 je vylou\u010den z diskuse. A v roce 2018 izraelsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da schv\u00e1lila z\u00e1kon o n\u00e1rodn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b, kter\u00fd prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee Izrael pat\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b \u017eidovsk\u00e9mu lidu, nikoli v\u0161em ob\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed v n\u011bm \u017eij\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Podobn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b okupovan\u00fdch Palestinc\u016f Izrael t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b omezil sv\u00e9 palestinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany na jejich vlastn\u00ed segregovan\u00e9, nedostate\u010dn\u011b financovan\u00e9 a nedostate\u010dn\u011b obsluhovan\u00e9 komunity (m\u011bsty\u0161e), kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 3 procenta \u00fazem\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Mal\u00e1 men\u0161ina palestinsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f v Izraeli \u017eije v segregovan\u00fdch, znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny jako \u201esm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9\u201c. Dal\u0161\u00ed palestin\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010del\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu \u00fatlaku, \u017eij\u00ed v komunit\u00e1ch ob\u00fdvan\u00fdch jejich rodinami po stalet\u00ed, v komunit\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 izraelsk\u00fd st\u00e1t, jen\u017e je odm\u00edt\u00e1 uznat, kriminalizuje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Naproti tomu stovky venkovsk\u00fdch \u017eidovsk\u00fdch komunit funguj\u00ed prakticky jako kluby v\u00fdhradn\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f. Maj\u00ed pravomoc vylou\u010dit palestinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany \u2013 toto pr\u00e1vo pln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Samostatn\u00e9 pl\u00e1novac\u00ed struktury br\u00e1n\u00ed masivn\u011b p\u0159elidn\u011bn\u00fdm palestinsk\u00fdm komunit\u00e1m v Izraeli ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b nov\u00fdch dom\u016f a roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Palestinsk\u00e9 d\u011bti jsou vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1ny v odd\u011blen\u00e9m a mnohem hor\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se cht\u011bj\u00ed do tohoto t\u00e9matu pono\u0159it hloub\u011bji, jsem zde napsal podrobnou esej, ve kter\u00e9 vysv\u011btluji detaily izraelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu apartheidu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1kaz ob\u010dansk\u00fdch s\u0148atk\u016f v r\u00e1mci izraelsk\u00fdch hranic obvykle kritici neuv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edklad syst\u00e9mu vl\u00e1dy apartheidu. Z\u00e1kaz v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v platnosti, proto\u017ee je ide\u00e1ln\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zakr\u00fdt segregaci pod rou\u0161kou rovn\u00e9ho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Palestin\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 Izraele se mus\u00ed o\u017eenit\/vd\u00e1t p\u0159i ob\u0159adech veden\u00fdch v\u016fdci jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 komunity: muslimsk\u00fdmi duchovn\u00edmi, r\u016fzn\u00fdmi k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdmi c\u00edrkvemi nebo dr\u00fazsk\u00fdmi duchovn\u00edmi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro \u017didy v Izraeli. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt odd\u00e1ni ortodoxn\u00edm rab\u00ednem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V\u0161ichni jsou tedy vystaveni stejn\u00fdm omezen\u00edm. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee rovn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed vede k velmi nerovn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm. To je \u00famysln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Fa\u0161isti\u010dt\u00ed gangste\u0159i<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V Izraeli jsou sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 man\u017eelstv\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 pouze tehdy, pokud jeden z partner\u016f konvertuje k n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed druh\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izraelsk\u00fd ortodoxn\u00ed rabin\u00e1t znemo\u017e\u0148uje okupovan\u00fdm Palestinc\u016fm konvertovat k judaismu v Izraeli; \u0161\u00e9f \u00da\u0159adu pro konverzi v roce 2016 uvedl, \u017ee takov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti budou zam\u00edtnuty \u201ebez posouzen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jejich etnick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1rove\u0148 Izrael t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b zt\u011b\u017euje konverzi k judaismu v\u0161em ostatn\u00edm, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za ne\u017eidy, zejm\u00e9na palestinsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm. Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed se vyskytovala jen hrstka takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m vztahu mezi palestinsk\u00fdm ob\u010danem Izraele a izraelsk\u00fdm \u017didem mus\u00ed izraelsk\u00fd \u017did konvertovat k n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed palestinsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dana, a\u0165 u\u017e je muslim, k\u0159es\u0165an nebo dr\u00faz. V d\u016fsledku toho \u017eidovsk\u00fd partner ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017eidovsk\u00fd status a mnoho z n\u011bj vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch privilegi\u00ed v Izraeli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael usoudil, \u017ee toto je mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ne\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice za apartheidu, kde byl s\u0148atek mezi \u010dernochy a b\u011blochy v\u00fdslovn\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1n z\u00e1konem. Izrael m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout stejn\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku ti\u0161\u0161\u00ed cestou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Vzhledem ke zcela segregovan\u00e9 struktu\u0159e izraelsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a siln\u00fdm spole\u010densk\u00fdm tabu mezi izraelsk\u00fdmi \u017didy ohledn\u011b \u201erasov\u00e9ho m\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed\u201c dosahuje po\u010det sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch s\u0148atk\u016f mezi \u017didy a palestinsk\u00fdmi ob\u010dany v Izraeli ro\u010dn\u011b sotva dvojcifern\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Existuj\u00ed dokonce skupiny jako Lehava \u2013 izraelsk\u00e1 verze Ku Klux Klanu \u2013 kter\u00e9 bij\u00ed Palestince, kte\u0159\u00ed se dokonce odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit k \u017eidovsk\u00fdm \u010dtvrt\u00edm Jeruzal\u00e9ma, a terorizuj\u00ed mlad\u00e9 \u017eidovsk\u00e9 \u017eeny podez\u0159el\u00e9 z romantick\u00e9ho vztahu s palestinsk\u00fdm mu\u017eem. Lehava po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 hlasit\u00e9 a ru\u0161iv\u00e9 protesty, aby ztrapnila ka\u017edou \u017eidovskou \u017eenu, kter\u00e1 konvertuje a provd\u00e1 se za palestinsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dana.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">To v\u0161e se d\u011bje s tich\u00fdm souhlasem \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd ministr policie Itamar Ben Gvir je dlouhodob\u00fdm stoupencem fa\u0161istick\u00fdch, \u017eidovsky suverenizovan\u00fdch bandit\u016f z Lehavy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ve vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy \u017did konvertuje a o\u017een\u00ed se s palestinsk\u00fdm ob\u010danem, \u010del\u00ed palestinsk\u00fd partner nes\u010detn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm a soci\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m p\u0159i integraci do \u017eidovsk\u00e9 komunity, do kter\u00e9 nepat\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u017didovsk\u00fd partner se m\u00edsto toho p\u0159est\u011bhuje do palestinsk\u00e9 komunity \u2013 izraelsk\u00e9 verze m\u011bste\u010dka, jako je Soweto \u2013 a pos\u00edl\u00e1 sv\u00e9 d\u011bti do mnohem hor\u0161\u00edho \u201earabsk\u00e9ho\u201c \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. B\u00fdval\u00fd \u017did ztr\u00e1c\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu etnick\u00fdch privilegi\u00ed, kter\u00fdch se d\u0159\u00edve t\u011b\u0161il v jedin\u00e9m \u201e\u017eidovsk\u00e9m\u201c st\u00e1t\u011b na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Vzhledem k t\u00e9to vyhl\u00eddce do budoucna se takov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry \u010dasto chop\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, proto\u017ee ani jeden z nich nekonvertuje, a m\u00edsto toho se vezmou a \u017eij\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed host\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 z t\u011bchto obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1. P\u0159esn\u011b tak by se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee syst\u00e9m apartheidu, kter\u00fd svou apartheidn\u00ed povahu rad\u011bji skr\u00fdv\u00e1, bude strukturovat sv\u00e9 z\u00e1kony \u2013 a t\u00edm pom\u016f\u017ee sv\u00e9 lobby na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1padn\u00ed politick\u00e9 a medi\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, tvrdit, \u017ee Izrael je \u201ejedinou demokraci\u00ed na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael se pou\u010dil z chyb star\u00e9 Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky. Zvl\u00e1dl modern\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed public relations \u2013 alespo\u0148 do chv\u00edle, kdy Benjamin Netanjahu roztrhal sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 na kusy t\u00edm, \u017ee vyhladil p\u00e1smo Gazy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V Izraeli syst\u00e9m apartheidu sah\u00e1 daleko za r\u00e1mec man\u017eelsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a ovliv\u0148uje v\u0161echny oblasti \u017eivota.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zde je dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak Izrael ukr\u00fdval sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m apartheidu \u2013 op\u011bt ne na okupovan\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch, ale uvnit\u0159 samotn\u00e9ho Izraele.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Stejn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd Izraelc\u016fm up\u00edr\u00e1 mo\u017enost ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho nebo sv\u011btsk\u00e9ho man\u017eelstv\u00ed, jim tak\u00e9 odm\u00edt\u00e1 uznat, \u017ee maj\u00ed jakoukoli ob\u010danskou nebo sv\u011btskou identitu \u2013 jednodu\u0161e jako Izraelci. Podle z\u00e1kona mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd v Izraeli pat\u0159it k n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 skupin\u011b identifikovan\u00e9 jako \u017eid, muslim, k\u0159es\u0165an nebo dr\u00faz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">To vysv\u011btluje dal\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00fd fakt o Izraeli: Izrael je jedinou zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00e1 neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u2013 v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b izraelsk\u00e9 \u2013 ob\u010danstv\u00ed. Pro\u010d? Z prost\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu, \u017ee pro izraelsk\u00fd st\u00e1t by bylo mnohem obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed udr\u017eet si syst\u00e9m apartheidu, kdyby Izraelci m\u011bli spole\u010dnou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identitu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izraelsk\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed existuje pouze jako fikce v izraelsk\u00fdch pasech, aby umo\u017enilo obyvatelstvu cestovat do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. V Izraeli je ka\u017ed\u00fd identifikov\u00e1n podle sv\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010d Vimeo\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/181319721?h=a0d7fe0a94\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V Izraeli je \u201e\u017eidovsk\u00fd\u201c n\u00e1rodnost pova\u017eov\u00e1n za n\u00e1rodnost. Vezm\u011bte si nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1kon o n\u00e1rodn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b z roku 2018. Stanov\u00ed, \u017ee St\u00e1t Izrael pat\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b \u201elidu\u201c \u017did\u016f \u2013 tedy v\u0161em \u017did\u016fm na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, nejen t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed v Izraeli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Muslimov\u00e9 a k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 jsou shrnuti pod stejn\u011b um\u011bl\u00fd term\u00edn \u201earabsk\u00e1\u201c n\u00e1rodnost, zat\u00edmco Dr\u00fazov\u00e9 maj\u00ed samostatnou, odli\u0161nou n\u00e1rodnost. Tent\u00fd\u017e z\u00e1kon o n\u00e1rodn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b objas\u0148uje, \u017ee St\u00e1t Izrael nepat\u0159\u00ed k t\u011bmto jin\u00fdm, ne\u017eidovsk\u00fdm \u201en\u00e1rod\u016fm\u201c, p\u0159esto\u017ee jejich rodiny \u017eij\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 zemi po stalet\u00ed. Palestin\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 nejsou nic v\u00edc ne\u017e host\u00e9 \u2013 a nav\u00edc nev\u00edtan\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Tato segregace se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed i v izraelsk\u00fdch ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u016fkazech. Tyto pr\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt neust\u00e1le u sebe, d\u0159\u00edve obsahovaly \u010d\u00e1st s v\u00fdslovn\u00fdm uveden\u00edm \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti\u201c ka\u017ed\u00e9ho Izraelce. Tato \u010d\u00e1st se v\u0161ak dostala pod ostrou kritiku b\u011bhem vlekl\u00e9ho a nakonec ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho sporu skupiny disidentsk\u00fdch Izraelc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017eili o uzn\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti. \u00da\u0159ady tuto kategorii z pr\u016fkazu odstranily. Izraelsk\u00fd registr obyvatelstva v\u0161ak st\u00e1le obsahuje klasifikaci podle n\u00e1rodnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Krom\u011b kategori\u00ed \u201e\u017did\u201c, \u201eArab\u201c a \u201eDr\u00faz\u201c existuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 120 dal\u0161\u00edch kategori\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed v\u0161echny zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady. P\u0159esn\u011b takov\u00fdm zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem jsem byla i j\u00e1 pot\u00e9, co jsem se s\u0148ala s palestinsk\u00fdm k\u0159es\u0165anem a musela proj\u00edt zdlouhav\u00fdm a obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm procesem naturalizace. Moje n\u00e1rodnost byla klasifikov\u00e1na jako \u201ebritsk\u00e1\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pro\u010d v\u0161echna ta slo\u017eitost? Pro\u010d v\u0161echna tato jedine\u010dn\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Proto\u017ee Izrael pot\u0159ebuje skr\u00fdt sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m apartheidu. Star\u00e1 Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika jednodu\u0161e \u0159ekla: jeden z\u00e1kon pro b\u00edl\u00e9 a druh\u00fd pro \u010dern\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Izrael v\u00ed, \u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edstup se ji\u017e net\u011b\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b. Proto si vytvo\u0159il slo\u017eit\u00fd a matouc\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00e9mu sotva kdo rozum\u00ed, aby se vyhnul pozornosti a kritice.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pr\u00e1va pro \u017didy<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Na z\u00e1v\u011br uve\u010fme jen jeden p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak izraelsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m apartheidu funguje v praxi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Teoreticky Izrael zaru\u010duje v\u0161em sv\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm \u2013 \u017did\u016fm, muslim\u016fm, k\u0159es\u0165an\u016fm i Dr\u00faz\u016fm \u2013 stejn\u00e1 ob\u010dansk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Tuto rovnost v\u0161ak podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 trikem t\u00edm, \u017ee ud\u011bluje nad\u0159azen\u00e1 \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00ed\u201c pr\u00e1va pouze jedn\u00e9 skupin\u011b: \u017did\u016fm. Pokud dojde ke konfliktu mezi ob\u010dansk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem a \u017eidovsk\u00fdm \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00edm\u201c pr\u00e1vem, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste ji\u017e uhodli, \u017ee \u017eidovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u0161ichni izrael\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo pos\u00edlat sv\u00e9 d\u011bti do \u0161koly, proto\u017ee vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed je ob\u010dansk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem. \u010cetn\u00e9 skryt\u00e9 man\u00e9vry \u2013 jako nap\u0159\u00edklad dodate\u010dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eoblast\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch priorit\u201c, zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed granty pro \u017eidovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 \u0161koly, finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky z diaspory a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011bly od \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy \u017eidovsk\u00fdm m\u00edstn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm \u2013 v\u0161ak vedou k tomu, \u017ee \u017eidovsk\u00e9 \u0161koly jsou mnohem l\u00e9pe financov\u00e1ny ne\u017e \u201earabsk\u00e9\u201c \u0161koly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed palestinsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f v Izraeli je ji\u017e osm desetilet\u00ed nedostate\u010dn\u011b financov\u00e1no. P\u0159esto\u017ee izrael\u0161t\u00ed apologetov\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee finan\u010dn\u00ed mezery se pomalu uzav\u00edraj\u00ed, p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nedostatek jen zhor\u0161uje desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed historickou nespravedlnost. Arabsk\u00e9 \u0161koly jsou tak pozadu, \u017ee je nikdy nebudou schopny dohnat bez masivn\u00edho dodate\u010dn\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Izrael zjevn\u011b nem\u00e1 v \u00famyslu poskytnout.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V zch\u00e1tral\u00fdch \u0161koln\u00edch budov\u00e1ch je v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd nedostatek u\u010deben a person\u00e1lu. Star\u00e9 u\u010debnice jsou \u010dasto zcela zastaral\u00e9 a st\u00e1t je \u0161patn\u011b p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 do arab\u0161tiny. Palestin\u0161t\u00ed odborn\u00edci v oblasti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vliv na u\u010debn\u00ed osnovy, podle kter\u00fdch se d\u011bti v komunit\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed. \u017didov\u0161t\u00ed (v\u011bt\u0161inou rasisti\u010dt\u00ed) \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b kontroluj\u00ed, co se sm\u00ed vyu\u010dovat a kdo sm\u00ed u\u010dit. Nav\u00edc obrovsk\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed p\u0159edsudky v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch na univerzity v\u00fdrazn\u011b br\u00e1n\u00ed palestinsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm v p\u0159\u00edstupu na univerzity v Izraeli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V sektoru vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed existuje mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9 des\u00e1t\u00e9 palestinsk\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b v Izraeli \u017eije v historick\u00fdch komunit\u00e1ch postaven\u00fdch na \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 chce izraelsk\u00fd st\u00e1t nyn\u00ed \u201ejudaizovat\u201c \u2013 tedy vyhradit pro \u017eidovsk\u00e9 obyvatelstvo \u2013 a kter\u00fdm je proto odep\u0159eno jak\u00e9koli uzn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">S t\u011bmito d\u011btmi se zach\u00e1z\u00ed jako se zlo\u010dinci a jen z\u0159\u00eddka maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup do \u0161kol ve sv\u00fdch komunit\u00e1ch, proto\u017ee trval\u00e9 budovy nejsou povoleny. St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed budovy nelze p\u0159ipojit k elekt\u0159in\u011b ani k vodovodu. Dokonce i d\u011bti v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole mus\u00ed obvykle cestovat na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti \u2013 n\u011bkdy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 60 km denn\u011b \u2013 aby se dostaly do schv\u00e1len\u00e9 \u0161koly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Formy diskriminace jen ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jsou nekone\u010dn\u00e9. Ale to nen\u00ed v\u0161e. Diskriminace se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ve v\u0161ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch oblastech \u017eivota v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 milion\u016f palestinsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f Izraele \u2013 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u011bchto koncep\u010dn\u00edch a pr\u00e1vn\u00edch zkreslen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, ob\u010danstv\u00ed a n\u00e1rodnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nic z toho by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9. Je to p\u0159esn\u011b to, co by \u010dlov\u011bk o\u010dek\u00e1val v apartheidn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b, jako je Izrael.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em><span dir=\"auto\">Od Jonathana Cooka<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unz.com\/jcook\/israel-is-an-apartheid-state-and-its-weird-marriage-laws-show-us-how\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Izrael je jedinou zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00e1 neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 svou vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1rodnost. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee sd\u00edlen\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":110568,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[512,178,107,1503,58],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110567"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110567"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110567\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/110568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}