{"id":11051,"date":"2022-05-30T01:05:35","date_gmt":"2022-05-29T23:05:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=11051"},"modified":"2022-05-29T17:30:41","modified_gmt":"2022-05-29T15:30:41","slug":"ukrajina-postavila-spinavou-bombu-postup-ruskych-jednotek-prinasi-na-svetlo-nove-okolnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/05\/30\/ukrajina-postavila-spinavou-bombu-postup-ruskych-jednotek-prinasi-na-svetlo-nove-okolnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrajina postavila \u0161pinavou bombu. Postup rusk\u00fdch jednotek p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na sv\u011btlo nov\u00e9 okolnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky mezi Ukrajinou a Ruskem pronesl Vladimir Putin kl\u00ed\u010dovou v\u011btu, jej\u00edm\u017e smyslem bylo, \u017ee Rusko nem\u016f\u017ee Ukrajin\u011b dovolit z\u00edskat taktick\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b a \u017ee Kyjev je doslova kr\u016f\u010dek od jejich vytvo\u0159en\u00ed. Tento d\u016fraz okam\u017eit\u011b zmizel z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, kdy\u017e se hovo\u0159ilo o \u201edenacifikaci\u201c a \u201edemilitarizaci\u201c.\u00a0Co je to \u0161pinav\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 bomba a jak\u00e1 je pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee ji m\u00e1 Kyjev?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Klasick\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 n\u00e1lo\u017e m\u00e1 ohromnou ni\u010divou s\u00edlu, ale efekt takov\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed je pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd.\u00a0Ano, b\u011bhem jadern\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu skute\u010dn\u011b vznikaj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 izotopy, v\u010detn\u011b stroncia-89, stroncia-90, cesia-137, zinku-64 a tantalu-181.\u00a0Kdy\u017e se tyto izotopy dostanou do t\u011bla, hromad\u00ed se a zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 a \u010dasto nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad radioaktivn\u00ed j\u00f3d se hromad\u00ed ve \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1ze, cesium ve svalech, stroncium v \u200b\u200bkostech a tak d\u00e1le.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oblast zasa\u017een\u00e1 jadern\u00fdm v\u00fdbuchem p\u0159itom pom\u011brn\u011b rychle denuklearizuje, tedy aktivn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed radioaktivitu.\u00a0Hiro\u0161ima a Nagasaki, jedin\u00e1 m\u011bsta v historii lidstva, kter\u00e1 byla vybombardov\u00e1na jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi, jsou toho p\u0159\u00edkladem.\u00a0Masy m\u011bly dojem, \u017ee za sebou zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed sp\u00e1lenou pou\u0161\u0165 na des\u00edtky let, co\u017e nen\u00ed pravda.\u00a0Ji\u017e v srpnu 1949 byl p\u0159ijat z\u00e1kon o v\u00fdstavb\u011b m\u011bsta u pam\u00e1tn\u00edku m\u00edru v Hiro\u0161im\u011b, kter\u00fd umo\u017enil okam\u017eit\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed pln\u00e9 rekonstrukce m\u011bsta.\u00a0To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee od jadern\u00e9ho \u00fatoku uplynuly o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Princip \u0161pinav\u00e9 bomby je jin\u00fd.\u00a0Tento typ st\u0159eliva je svou konstrukc\u00ed mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a nevy\u017eaduje slo\u017eit\u00e1 technick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.\u00a0Je to jednodu\u0161e doru\u010dovac\u00ed prost\u0159edek (raketa, bomba nebo d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fd gran\u00e1t), ke kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159ipevn\u011bn kontejner s radioaktivn\u00edm obalov\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem.\u00a0Jednou z potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, a tedy nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed je rozpra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed radioaktivn\u00edho prachu z letadla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 izotopy s dlouh\u00fdm polo\u010dasem rozpadu se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed na zemsk\u00e9m povrchu, na rostlin\u00e1ch a d\u00e1le v p\u016fd\u011b a ve zvodn\u011bl\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se oblast st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017eivotu nebezpe\u010dnou na dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed.\u00a0D\u00e1vka jednoho sievertu (Sv) sta\u010d\u00ed k rozvoji nemoci z oz\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, d\u00e1vka 3 a\u017e 5 Sv vede bu\u010f ke smrti b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f nebo k rozvoji rakoviny, 6 a\u017e 10 Sv znamen\u00e1 jistou smrt, proto\u017ee kostn\u00ed d\u0159e\u0148 odum\u0159e nevratn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zku, zda Ukrajina, kter\u00e1 se vzdala jadern\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b Budape\u0161\u0165sk\u00e9ho memoranda, dok\u00e1\u017ee vyrobit \u0161pinavou bombu, opakovan\u011b prob\u00edrali r\u016fzn\u00ed odborn\u00edci.\u00a0V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich se shodla, \u017ee to z \u0159ady d\u016fvod\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za prv\u00e9 z politick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f: z\u00e1padn\u00ed spojenci neposkytnou nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b v Kyjev\u011b takov\u00fd vliv.\u00a0Zadruh\u00e9, Ukrajina nedisponuje odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi technick\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi, \u017e\u00e1dnou kapacitou odst\u0159edivek pro obohacov\u00e1n\u00ed uranu a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi vhodn\u00fdmi dopravn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky.\u00a0N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci nesouhlas\u00ed s posledn\u00edm tvrzen\u00edm, proto\u017ee od sov\u011btsk\u00fdch \u010das\u016f p\u0159e\u017eilo velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a odborn\u00edk\u016f schopn\u00fdch takov\u00e9 prost\u0159edky vytvo\u0159it.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajina m\u00e1 v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho paliva, kter\u00e9 nebylo od roku 2020 expedov\u00e1no z ukrajinsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed a je skladov\u00e1no v prostor\u00e1ch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a\u017e do v\u00fdstavby skladu jadern\u00e9ho paliva v uzav\u0159en\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b \u010cernobylu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho kyjevsk\u00fd re\u017eim nashrom\u00e1\u017edil 30 tun plutonia a 40 tun obohacen\u00e9ho uranu v jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b Z\u00e1poro\u017e\u00ed.\u00a0Informoval o tom novin\u00e1\u0159 z Wall Street Journal Lawrence Norman s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele MAAE Raphaela Grossiho.\u00a0\u0160\u00e9f mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 regula\u010dn\u00ed agentury upozornil, \u017ee jadern\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna je pod ruskou kontrolou, ale provozuj\u00ed ji ukrajinsk\u00e9 reaktory.\u00a0MAAE proto nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebuje vyslat sv\u00e9 experty, aby zhodnotili situaci a zjistili, zda nechyb\u00ed z\u00e1soby uranu a plutonia (Kyjev u\u017e bohu\u017eel ztratil o\u0161t\u011bpy, nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 vesty atd.).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ukrajinsk\u00fd Energoatom v reakci ozna\u010dil slova \u0161\u00e9fa MAAE za fale\u0161n\u00e1 a pokusil se vysv\u011btlit, \u017ee plutonium a obohacen\u00fd uran jsou pouze v palivov\u00fdch souborech (trubk\u00e1ch) v jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, zat\u00edmco vyho\u0159el\u00e9 palivo je p\u0159\u00edtomno v ka\u017ed\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je chytr\u00e1 v\u011bc.\u00a0Pokud m\u00e1 st\u00e1t pravomoc demontovat palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, lze vyho\u0159el\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 palivo pou\u017e\u00edt k v\u00fdrob\u011b izotop\u016f zbrojn\u00ed kvality.\u00a0A ur\u010dit\u011b j\u00edm naplnit hlavici rakety, podvratnou n\u00e1lo\u017e k uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00e9 bomby, kdy\u017e je oblast kontaminov\u00e1na bez jadern\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu.\u00a0A aktivita takov\u00e9 bomby bude podle experta jedenap\u016flkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u kobaltov\u00e9 bomby.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Vezm\u011bte si jako p\u0159\u00edklad jadernou elektr\u00e1rnu B\u00fa\u0161ehr v \u00cdr\u00e1nu \u2013 cel\u00fd z\u00e1padn\u00ed sv\u011bt nejprve po\u017eadoval, aby Rusko projekt zastavilo, a pak souhlasili \u2013 Rusko odeb\u00edr\u00e1 vyho\u0159el\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 palivo, aby ho \u00cdr\u00e1nci necht\u011bn\u011b nepou\u017eili k neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmu ozbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu to v \u00cdr\u00e1nu bylo d\u011bsiv\u00e9, byl to k\u00e1men \u00farazu, ale s Ukrajinou to d\u011bsiv\u00e9 nen\u00ed.<\/span><\/cite>Pokud jde o v\u00fdrobu nosi\u010d\u016f, nic nen\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00e9. Legend\u00e1rn\u00ed tov\u00e1rna Yushmash z minulosti je dnes ve skute\u010dnosti v tot\u00e1ln\u00edm havarijn\u00edm stavu, zat\u00edmco po desetilet\u00ed, jak si vzpom\u00edn\u00e1me, vyr\u00e1b\u011bla pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu produkt\u016f pro vesm\u00edrn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, v\u010detn\u011b palivov\u00fdch modul\u016f.\u00a0Jin\u00fdmi slovy, mohla se dochovat jak dokumentace, tak n\u011bkter\u00e1 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sestavit trup z obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pevn\u00fdch kov\u016f, kter\u00fd pojme n\u00e1lo\u017e vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho paliva.
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\nNebyla by to ani ot\u00e1zka odpalovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\u00a0Pokud podom\u00e1cku vyroben\u00e9 rakety Neptun sel\u017eou, spojenci budou m\u00edt sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed mnohem v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a dalekonosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prot\u011bj\u0161ky.\u00a0Dod\u00e1vky zbran\u00ed na Ukrajinu neza\u010daly zah\u00e1jen\u00edm rusk\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed operace.\u00a0A v\u00e1\u017en\u011b se diskutovalo o dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch zbran\u00ed do Kyjeva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee Kyjev vyrob\u00ed \u0161pinavou bombu, je v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9.\u00a0Potvrzuj\u00ed to, by\u0165 nep\u0159\u00edmo, sv\u011bdectv\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f, novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta i rusk\u00fdch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f.\u00a0Navzdory odhalen\u00ed, \u017ee velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho paliva je skladov\u00e1no v Z\u00e1poro\u017esk\u00e9 JE, nikdo spolehliv\u011b nev\u00ed, jak\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed je ulo\u017eeno v jin\u00fdch JE.\u00a0Nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e doufat, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b zbytek p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enosti a rozumu. Jinak by to mohlo zp\u016fsobit nenapraviteln\u00e9 \u0161kody nejen Rusku a B\u011blorusku, ale i jejich soused\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky mezi Ukrajinou a Ruskem pronesl Vladimir Putin kl\u00ed\u010dovou v\u011btu, jej\u00edm\u017e smyslem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1069,2483,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11051"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11051\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}