{"id":109970,"date":"2026-07-03T00:32:52","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T22:32:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=109970"},"modified":"2026-07-02T19:18:42","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T17:18:42","slug":"iain-davis-funkcni-oligarchie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/03\/iain-davis-funkcni-oligarchie\/","title":{"rendered":"Iain Davis: Funk\u010dn\u00ed oligarchie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Oligarchie je velmi star\u00fd syst\u00e9m vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9mu jsme se nikdy doopravdy nevyhnuli. P\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 2000 lety Aristoteles poznamenal, \u017ee oligarchie (oligarchia) vznik\u00e1, \u201ekdy\u017e bohat\u00ed mu\u017ei dr\u017e\u00ed vl\u00e1du ve sv\u00fdch rukou\u201c. Dnes definujeme \u201eoligarchii\u201c jako \u201evl\u00e1du n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo lid\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na jako despotickou moc vykon\u00e1vanou malou, privilegovanou skupinou z korup\u010dn\u00edch nebo sobeck\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f\u201c. Kdy\u017e oligarchov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed politickou moc d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu bohatstv\u00ed, ozna\u010dujeme to jako \u201eplutokracii\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Odv\u011btv\u00ed politologie zvan\u00e9 \u201eteorie elit\u201c se pokou\u0161\u00ed ospravedlnit plutokracii dne\u0161n\u00edch oligarch\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jak plutokracie, tak oligarchie jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za pejorativn\u00ed pojmy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se n\u00e1m, \u017ee \u017eijeme v \u201ereprezentativn\u00edch demokraci\u00edch\u201c pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee oligarchie je v\u0161eobecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nep\u0159ijatelnou. A\u010dkoli je reprezentativn\u00ed demokracie protikladem demokracie, \u00fadajn\u00e9 p\u0159ednosti na\u0161ich fale\u0161n\u00fdch demokraci\u00ed jsou neust\u00e1le vyzdvihov\u00e1ny, jen aby n\u00e1s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dily, \u017ee v oligarchi\u00edch ne\u017eijeme. Politologie v\u0161ak jasn\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee v oligarchi\u00edch \u017eijeme.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V roce 2014 provedli politologov\u00e9 profesor Martin Gilens a profesor Benjamin I. Page v\u00edcerozm\u011brnou anal\u00fdzu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 1 800 politick\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e1 u\u010dinila vl\u00e1da USA za obdob\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159iceti let. Jejich c\u00edlem bylo pochopit:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">Kdo vl\u00e1dne? Kdo m\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u011b moc? Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry je drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina ob\u010dan\u016f USA suver\u00e9nn\u00ed, polosuver\u00e9nn\u00ed nebo do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry bezmocn\u00e1?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Oba v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumali r\u016fzn\u00e9 teoretick\u00e9 modely demokratick\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch, aby posoudili, kter\u00fd z nich nejp\u0159esn\u011bji vysv\u011btluje proces politick\u00e9ho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech b\u011bhem zkouman\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. Gilens a Page zkoumali n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed modely:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">V\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e1 demokracie<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0: Politi\u010dt\u00ed \u010dinitel\u00e9 reaguj\u00ed na v\u016fli v\u011bt\u0161iny.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">V\u011bt\u0161inov\u00fd pluralismus<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0: Politika je formov\u00e1na soupe\u0159\u00edc\u00edm vlivem z\u00e1jmov\u00fdch skupin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Dominance ekonomick\u00e9 elity<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0: Politika je utv\u00e1\u0159ena v z\u00e1jmu nejbohat\u0161\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f spole\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Zkreslen\u00fd pluralismus<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0: V\u011bt\u0161inov\u00fd pluralismus je naru\u0161en bohatstv\u00edm, moc\u00ed a vlivem ekonomick\u00e9 elity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Gilens a Page dosp\u011bli k n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmu z\u00e1v\u011bru:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">Ekonomick\u00e9 elity a organizovan\u00e9 skupiny zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy maj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd vliv na politiku vl\u00e1dy USA, zat\u00edmco b\u011b\u017en\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 a \u0161irok\u00e9 z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 skupiny maj\u00ed mal\u00fd nebo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd vliv. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed siln\u011b podporuj\u00ed teorie dominance ekonomick\u00fdch elit a zaujat\u00e9ho pluralismu, nikoli v\u0161ak teorie v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9 volebn\u00ed demokracie nebo v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9ho pluralismu.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">V roce 2025 harvard\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci, profesor Archon Fung a profesor Lawrence Lessig, p\u0159i p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce Gilense a Page dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee jejich v\u00edcerozm\u011brn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza je \u201ejednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch studi\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch jste pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nikdy nesly\u0161eli\u201c. Fung a Lessig uznali, \u017ee Gilens a Page prok\u00e1zali, \u017ee USA nejsou demokraci\u00ed, ale ve skute\u010dnosti funguj\u00edc\u00ed oligarchi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum to n\u00e1sledn\u011b potvrdil. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e In Song Kim, docent politologie na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a Helen V. Milner, profesorka ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed na Princetonsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, zkoumali, jak se formovala zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika USA v letech 1999 a\u017e 2019, zjistili n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span dir=\"auto\">Sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 politiky USA v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch nazna\u010duje, \u017ee nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed korporace (MNC) m\u011bly velk\u00fd vliv. Sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00edch bari\u00e9r prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm GATT\/WTO a r\u016fzn\u00fdch preferen\u010dn\u00edch obchodn\u00edch dohod, otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdch trh\u016f, uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dvoustrann\u00fdch investi\u010dn\u00edch smluv a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch dohod s ustanoven\u00edmi o ochran\u011b investic a harmonizace p\u0159edpis\u016f v mnoha oblastech v r\u00e1mci preferen\u010dn\u00edch obchodn\u00edch dohod jsou politick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da aktivn\u011b prosazuje a za kter\u00e1 se MNC siln\u011b zasazuj\u00ed. Preference MNC [&#8230;] se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry v souladu s ned\u00e1vnou americkou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159skou politikou.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Americk\u00fd syst\u00e9m vl\u00e1dy nen\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jedine\u010dn\u00fd. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny vl\u00e1dy funguj\u00ed jako funk\u010dn\u00ed oligarchie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Oligarchov\u00e9 dnes vl\u00e1dnou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00fdch pod\u00edl\u016f v nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch korporac\u00edch (MNC). Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm glob\u00e1ln\u00edch partnerstv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho a soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru a tzv. \u201epolitick\u00e9 koordinace\u201c v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho \u201ehlubok\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu\u201c mohou oligarchov\u00e9 uplat\u0148ovat svou moc a vliv na dom\u00e1c\u00ed i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku. Jak poznamenali Fung a Lessig, \u201epravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste nikdy nesly\u0161eli\u201c o v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch studi\u00edch, kter\u00e9 odhaluj\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed oligarchii. Je to proto, \u017ee mainstreamov\u00e1 m\u00e9dia a jejich partne\u0159i na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch jsou \u201estr\u00e1\u017eci zpr\u00e1v a informac\u00ed\u201c, jejich\u017e \u00fakolem je udr\u017eovat n\u00e1s v fiktivn\u00ed demokracii a odv\u00e1d\u011bt na\u0161i pozornost od oligarchie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo ve\u0159ejn\u011b informuje o aktivit\u00e1ch oligarchie, je hanliv\u011b ozna\u010dov\u00e1n za \u201ekonspira\u010dn\u00edho teoretika\u201c. I zde je c\u00edlem propagandy chr\u00e1nit oligarchii. Navzdory t\u011bmto zaml\u017eovac\u00edm taktik\u00e1m je ruka oligarch\u016f jasn\u011b viditeln\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed firmy jako BlackRock, Vanguard a State Street pe\u010dliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed identitu sv\u00fdch individu\u00e1ln\u00edch investor\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z nich m\u00e1 m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 modely vlastnictv\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad BlackRock je ve\u0159ejn\u011b obchodovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost s akcion\u00e1\u0159i. Vanguard je vlastn\u011bna vlastn\u00edmi investi\u010dn\u00edmi fondy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee investo\u0159i Vanguardu jsou z\u00e1rove\u0148 jeho vlastn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed americk\u00fd Institute of Business &amp; Finance (IBF), velk\u00e9 investi\u010dn\u00ed firmy kolektivn\u011b zastupuj\u00ed dominantn\u00ed akcion\u00e1\u0159e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 90 procent spole\u010dnost\u00ed z indexu S&amp;P 500 \u2013 nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch americk\u00fdch korporac\u00ed. IBF poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee tento \u201estupe\u0148 koncentrace je v historii kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdch trh\u016f bezprecedentn\u00ed\u201c a r\u00e9toricky se pt\u00e1: Co se stane, \u201ekdy\u017e firmy, kter\u00e9 spravuj\u00ed [investi\u010dn\u00ed fondy], maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dostatek hlasovac\u00edch pr\u00e1v, aby ovliv\u0148ovaly spole\u010dnosti vlastn\u011bn\u00e9 t\u011bmito fondy?\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Politologie nab\u00edz\u00ed odpov\u011bdi. Investi\u010dn\u00ed domy funguj\u00ed jako kryc\u00ed organizace pro funk\u010dn\u00ed oligarchie a kontroluj\u00ed politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00ed kryc\u00ed organizace oligarch\u016f: vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zachov\u00e1n\u00edm anonymity investor\u016f poskytuje jak\u00e1si investi\u010dn\u00ed sko\u0159\u00e1pka oligarchii dodate\u010dnou ochranu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 pochopit, jak oligarchie funguje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pro ilustraci: Chengdu Aircraft Corporation (CAC) je dce\u0159inou spole\u010dnost\u00ed Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), kter\u00e1 je \u00fadajn\u011b \u201est\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bn\u00fdm\u201c, se s\u00eddlem v Pekingu a je ve\u0159ejn\u011b obchodovan\u00fdm dodavatelem v oblasti obrany. P\u0159edn\u00ed \u201esoukromou\u201c investi\u010dn\u00ed firmou, kter\u00e1 AVIC podporuje, je China Asset Management Co., Ltd. (ChinaAMC). ChinaAMC, p\u016fvodn\u011b s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed v Hongkongu, v sou\u010dasnosti spravuje aktiva v hodnot\u011b 0,5 bilionu dolar\u016f. Mezi p\u0159edn\u00ed investory ChinaAMC pat\u0159\u00ed kanadsk\u00e1 Mackenzie Investments, dce\u0159in\u00e1 spole\u010dnost kanadsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti IGM Financial Inc. IGM je z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ovl\u00e1d\u00e1na spole\u010dnost\u00ed Power Corporation of Canada, kter\u00e9 dominuje oligarchick\u00e1 dynastie Desmarais\u016f. Mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edn\u00edch oligarchick\u00fdch akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f IGM nepochybn\u011b zastupuj\u00ed spole\u010dnosti BlackRock a Vanguard.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Jedinou zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou je: Kdo jsou tito oligarchov\u00e9?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla o \u00fadajn\u00e9m majetku vzbuzuj\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1jem a mainstreamov\u00e1 m\u00e9dia n\u00e1s informuj\u00ed o tom, kdo \u00fadajn\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejbohat\u0161\u00ed lidi na sv\u011bt\u011b. A\u0165 u\u017e jsou tito jmenovan\u00ed jedinci jakkoli bohat\u00ed, jejich majetek se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e bohatstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po generace nashrom\u00e1\u017edila \u0159ada \u2013 mohli bychom to nazvat \u2013 oligarchick\u00fdch dynasti\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Elon Musk, Sergey Brin, Larry Ellison, Michael Dell, Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos a Jensen Huang pat\u0159\u00ed mezi lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou n\u00e1m prezentov\u00e1ni jako ofici\u00e1ln\u011b bohat\u00ed. V\u0161ichni se piln\u011b v\u011bnuj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed centralizovan\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bautorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho modelu digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed dokon\u010den\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho sledovac\u00edho st\u00e1tu \u2013 co\u017e je zjevn\u011b v souladu s p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm oligarchie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Politick\u00e9 agendy se s t\u011bmito oligarchy dohoduj\u00ed v enkl\u00e1v\u00e1ch \u201ehlubok\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu\u201c, jako je \u201eDialog\u201c, nikoli prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vl\u00e1dn\u00edch politick\u00fdch v\u00fdbor\u016f. Tito lid\u00e9 jsou nepochybn\u011b velmi bohat\u00ed, ale jednoduch\u00e1 logika n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee s medi\u00e1ln\u00edmi seznamy bohat\u00fdch je n\u011bco velmi \u0161patn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/substackcdn.com\/image\/fetch\/$s_!Zn27!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee1965bb-e7a7-4a9b-9832-32f2f30b78f2_560x320.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Existuj\u00ed dynastick\u00e9 oligarchick\u00e9 rodiny, kter\u00e9 vzkv\u00e9taj\u00ed i dnes a jejich\u017e vzestup k obrovsk\u00fdm finan\u010dn\u00edm imp\u00e9ri\u00edm spolu s v\u00fdslednou politickou moc\u00ed a vlivem sah\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edc let do minulosti. P\u0159esto se o nich nikdy nezmi\u0148ovali a dokonce i jejich nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1stupci se jen z\u0159\u00eddka objevuj\u00ed v takzvan\u00fdch \u201eseznamech boh\u00e1\u010d\u016f\u201c. Tyto oligarchick\u00e9 dynastie nikdy ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nezve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud n\u00e1m tyto seznamy skute\u010dn\u011b maj\u00ed uk\u00e1zat, kdo vlastn\u00ed a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inu bohatstv\u00ed na t\u00e9to planet\u011b \u2013 a tedy kdo jsou oligarchov\u00e9 \u2013 pak \u00fapln\u00e1 absence t\u011bchto oligarchick\u00fdch dynasti\u00ed na v\u0161ech t\u011bchto seznamech \u010din\u00ed takov\u00e9 seznamy a adres\u00e1\u0159e nadbyte\u010dn\u00fdmi. Slou\u017e\u00ed pouze jako dal\u0161\u00ed odveden\u00ed pozornosti od reality, nikoli jako jej\u00ed odraz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nap\u0159\u00edklad se n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Elon Musk je prvn\u00edm \u201ebilion\u00e1\u0159em\u201c na sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u0159esto Newsweek v roce 2024 uvedl, \u017ee majetek Rothschild\u016f se odhaduje na 15,7 bilionu dolar\u016f, p\u0159esto\u017ee Newsweek poznamenal, \u017ee jen o rok d\u0159\u00edve The Sunday Times informoval o jm\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 miliardy dolar\u016f. Tyto v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nesrovnalosti ve zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch existuj\u00ed proto, \u017ee rodina Rothschild\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed slou\u017eili jako komer\u010dn\u00ed bank\u00e9\u0159i a \u010dast\u00ed z\u00e1stupci dynastick\u00fdch oligarch\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159i stolet\u00ed, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nezve\u0159ej\u0148uje sv\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Proto\u017ee Rothschildov\u00e9 jsou n\u011bmecko-\u017eidovsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, Newsweek pova\u017euje ot\u00e1zku, jak\u00fd vliv jim jejich p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed prop\u016fj\u010duje, za \u201eantisemitskou konspira\u010dn\u00ed teorii\u201c. Toto dodate\u010dn\u00e9, ale \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed se uplat\u0148uje v\u017edy, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo zpochyb\u0148uje zd\u00e1nlivou moc Rothschild\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch oligarch\u016f \u2013 bez ohledu na to, zda se tazatel v\u016fbec zm\u00edn\u00ed o jejich p\u016fvodu nebo n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Antisemitismus je \u0161iroce zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n k propagand\u011b a \u00fa\u010del\u016fm soci\u00e1ln\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed, aby \u2013 op\u011bt \u2013 chr\u00e1nil oligarchii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Bohu\u017eel, a\u010dkoli je antisemitismus skute\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159edsudkem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 \u010dasto hr\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, t\u011bm, kdo ho zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k propagandistick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, je to \u00fapln\u011b jedno. Chrl\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00ed tak liber\u00e1ln\u011b a bezuzdn\u011b, \u017ee znehodnocuj\u00ed toto slovo a \u017eiv\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ten druh myln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0161ti, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke skute\u010dn\u00e9mu antisemitismu. Tato nemor\u00e1lnost \u010dasto slou\u017e\u00ed pouze k ochran\u011b establishmentu a oligarchie, kter\u00e1 ho vede, p\u0159ed ve\u0159ejnou kontrolou a kritikou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nen\u00ed antisemitsk\u00e9 pt\u00e1t se, zda Donald Trump jmenoval Wilbura Rosse ministrem obchodu b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho prvn\u00edho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, aby vyrovnal dluh s Rothschildy. Stejn\u011b jako u Elona Muska je obchodn\u00ed proz\u00edravost Donalda Trumpa velmi sporn\u00e1 \u2013 mnoho Trumpov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed bylo prohl\u00e1\u0161eno za bankrotovan\u00e9. Bez z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 p\u016fj\u010dky, kterou Ross za\u0159\u00eddil a kterou obdr\u017eel od spole\u010dnosti Rothschild Inc. \u2013 pro kterou Ross pracoval jako z\u00e1stupce celou svou kari\u00e9ru \u2013 by t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b s\u00e1m na za\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let zkrachoval.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nen\u00ed antisemitskou konspira\u010dn\u00ed teori\u00ed poukazovat na to, \u017ee Ross v souvislosti s Trumpovou z\u00e1chrannou p\u016fj\u010dkou \u0159ekl: \u201eJm\u00e9no Trump je st\u00e1le obrovsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem.\u201c P\u0159\u00ednosem \u2013 pro koho? To je dal\u0161\u00ed legitimn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka. I zde poskytuj\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f politologick\u00e9 studie: Trump, stejn\u011b jako v\u0161ichni ameri\u010dt\u00ed prezidenti, slou\u017e\u00ed oligarchii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">My, lid\u00e9, m\u00e1me tedy na v\u00fdb\u011br. M\u016f\u017eeme bu\u010f d\u00e1l p\u0159edst\u00edrat, \u017ee je v na\u0161em nejlep\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1jmu zvolit si dal\u0161\u00ed loutku, a t\u00edm souhlasit s t\u00edm, \u017ee budeme \u017e\u00edt jako majetek oligarch\u016f, nebo m\u016f\u017eeme odlo\u017eit stranou d\u011btinskost a n\u011bco s t\u00edm ud\u011blat. Existuje mnoho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 bychom mohli zvolit. Osobn\u011b navrhuji, abychom budovali spole\u010dnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 na tom, \u010demu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m \u201edobrovoln\u00e1 demokracie\u201c, ale jsem si jist\u00fd, \u017ee existuj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch preferovalo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, abychom u\u017e nedovolili funguj\u00edc\u00edm oligarchi\u00edm, aby n\u00e1m vl\u00e1dly. A\u0165 u\u017e zvol\u00edme jak\u00e1koli \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, mus\u00edme je prost\u011b za\u010d\u00edt realizovat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span dir=\"auto\">* * *<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iaindavis.substack.com\/p\/functional-oligarchy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oligarchie je velmi star\u00fd syst\u00e9m vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9mu jsme se nikdy doopravdy nevyhnuli. P\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109971,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,4473,276,99],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109970"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109970"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109970\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}