{"id":109817,"date":"2026-07-02T00:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T22:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=109817"},"modified":"2026-07-01T10:17:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-01T08:17:10","slug":"vyhlazovani-deti-v-pasmu-gazy-znicujici-zprava-osn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/02\/vyhlazovani-deti-v-pasmu-gazy-znicujici-zprava-osn\/","title":{"rendered":"Vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v p\u00e1smu Gazy: Zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1va OSN"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V Gaze i za jej\u00edmi hranicemi izraelsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na palestinsk\u00e9 d\u011bti. To je v souladu s novou doktr\u00ednou vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed a je p\u0159edm\u011btem nov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy OSN.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem m\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na \u201eP\u0159\u00edpadu Izraele\u201c (2024) a zejm\u00e9na na \u201eDoktr\u00edn\u011b vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c (2025) jsem shledal c\u00edlen\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v p\u00e1smu Gazy obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b odporn\u00fdm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na konci roku 2024 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch zdravotn\u00edk\u016f nazna\u010dovala, \u017ee \u00famrt\u00ed mnoha d\u011bt\u00ed v Gaze nebyla pouze vedlej\u0161\u00edm \u0161kodou, ale v\u00fdsledkem c\u00edlen\u00fdch a \u00famysln\u00fdch akc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 bylo prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Dr. Feroze Sidhwy, mlad\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho traumatologick\u00e9ho chirurga, kter\u00fd dobrovoln\u011b pracoval v Palestin\u011b, mimo jin\u00e9 v Evropsk\u00e9 nemocnici v Ch\u00e1n J\u00fanis.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eZa\u017eila jsem n\u00e1sil\u00ed a pracovala jsem v konfliktn\u00edch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch,\u201c \u0159ekla Sidhwa. \u201eAle z mnoha v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u011b b\u011bhem m\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v nemocnici v Gaze obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zas\u00e1hly, m\u011b jedna hluboce ot\u0159\u00e1sla: T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd den jsem vid\u011bla nov\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 bylo st\u0159eleno do hlavy nebo hrudn\u00edku, a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny pozd\u011bji zem\u0159ely.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed Dr. Sidhwy, kter\u00fd se pozd\u011bji stal zast\u00e1ncem doktr\u00edny vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed, podpo\u0159ily des\u00edtky dal\u0161\u00edch pozoruhodn\u00fdch a odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch zdravotnick\u00fdch dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f v Gaze. Tato sv\u011bdectv\u00ed byla n\u00e1sledn\u011b potvrzena \u010detn\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami r\u016fzn\u00fdch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed a multilater\u00e1ln\u00edch organizac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1va Nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise OSN tedy nen\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nov\u00e1. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dokumenty, kter\u00e9 vze\u0161ly z v\u00e1lky v Gaze. Jej\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br je jednozna\u010dn\u00fd: izraelsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly se \u00famysln\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ovaly na palestinsk\u00e9 d\u011bti \u2013 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podle komise p\u0159edstavuje genocidu, zlo\u010diny proti lidskosti a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zlo\u010diny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed komise<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va komise doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee c\u00edlen\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed palestinsk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodnou vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u0161kodou, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed opakuj\u00edc\u00edho se vzorce chov\u00e1n\u00ed. V souladu s \u00damluvou o genocid\u011b komise tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee takov\u00e9 \u010diny jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm ukazatelem genocidn\u00edho \u00famyslu, proto\u017ee ohro\u017euj\u00ed budoucnost palestinsk\u00e9ho lidu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo mezi \u0159\u00edjnem 2023 a \u0159\u00edjnem 2025 zabito v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 000 palestinsk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje asi 30 procent v\u0161ech ob\u011bt\u00ed, zat\u00edmco p\u0159es 44 000 jich bylo zran\u011bno. I po p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed z \u0159\u00edjna 2025 zpr\u00e1vy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee d\u011bti jsou nad\u00e1le zab\u00edjeny a mrza\u010deny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Komise uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla v hust\u011b os\u00eddlen\u00fdch civiln\u00edch oblastech pou\u017eita odst\u0159elovac\u00ed palba, drony s kvadrokopt\u00e9rami, p\u0159esn\u011b nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 munice a v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 bomby. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee povaha t\u011bchto zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f \u010dasto umo\u017e\u0148ovala u\u017eivatel\u016fm identifikovat sv\u00e9 c\u00edle, v\u010detn\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izrael v\u00fdsledky odm\u00edtl jako zaujat\u00e9 a pomlouva\u010dn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bez ohledu na politick\u00e9 postoje spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00fdznam zpr\u00e1vy v mno\u017estv\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f, pr\u00e1vn\u00edch anal\u00fdz, forenzn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v a sv\u011bdeck\u00fdch v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obsahuje. P\u0159edstavuje jednu z nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kdy byly provedeny o dopadu v\u00e1lky na d\u011bti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed vrh\u00e1 dlouh\u00fd, temn\u00fd st\u00edn na celou izraelskou v\u00e1le\u010dnou vl\u00e1du a jej\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kolaboranty, dodavatele zbran\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u011bti a logika genocidy<\/span><\/p>\n

V publikaci \u201eDoktr\u00edna zni\u010den\u00ed\u201c jsem uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee modern\u00ed v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed v p\u00e1smu Gazy se vyvinulo nad r\u00e1mec tradi\u010dn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f a zahrnuje zni\u010den\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1klad\u016f palestinsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed komise tuto interpretaci posiluj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historicky v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci genocidy zd\u016fraz\u0148ovali, \u017ee \u00fatoky na d\u011bti zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed v genocidn\u00edch kampan\u00edch zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00edsto. \u00damluva o genocid\u011b z roku 1948 definuje nejen p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed podm\u00ednek ur\u010den\u00fdch ke zni\u010den\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 skupiny. V p\u00e1smu Gazy plnil hladomor stejnou genocidn\u00ed funkci jako hladomor ve var\u0161avsk\u00e9m ghettu.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u011bti zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed demografickou kontinuitu, kulturn\u00ed reprodukci a kolektivn\u00ed budoucnost. Systematick\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chan\u00e9 na d\u011btech se proto opakovan\u011b vyskytuje v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kter\u00e9 byly pozd\u011bji uzn\u00e1ny za genocidu, od arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 genocidy a\u017e po Rwandu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Komise v\u00fdslovn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u00fatoky na d\u011bti \u201e\u00fato\u010d\u00ed na \u017eivotaschopnost palestinsk\u00e9ho lidu a jeho schopnost rozhodovat o sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed budoucnosti\u201c. Jej\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spojuj\u00ed zab\u00edjen\u00ed s \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmi vzorci: ni\u010den\u00edm \u0161kol, nemocnic, d\u011btsk\u00fdch klinik, neonatologick\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed, potravinov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a vodovodn\u00ed infrastruktury.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto je kone\u010dn\u00fd c\u00edl: genocida a ekocida proti Palestin\u011b, jej\u00ed kultu\u0159e a jej\u00edm d\u011btem. Izraelsk\u00e1 devastace Libanonu se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed t\u00edmto vzorem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z empirick\u00e9ho hlediska je kumulativn\u00ed efekt m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd. Studie v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed opakovan\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vystaven\u00ed masov\u00e9mu n\u00e1sil\u00ed v d\u011btstv\u00ed m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek celo\u017eivotn\u00ed deficity v oblasti fyzick\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, dosa\u017een\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, psychick\u00e9 odolnosti a ekonomick\u00e9 produktivity.<\/span><\/p>\n

V Gaze nezv\u00edt\u011bzil Izrael, ale mor\u00e1ln\u00ed temnota.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lidsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady nad r\u00e1mec statistik \u00famrt\u00ed<\/span><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed podce\u0148uje rozsah katastrofy. Komise uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159es 44 000 zran\u011bn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gaza m\u00e1 \u00fadajn\u011b jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch koncentrac\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed s amputovan\u00fdmi kon\u010detinami na sv\u011bt\u011b. Tis\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed jsou trvale posti\u017eeny pop\u00e1leninami, poran\u011bn\u00edmi z v\u00fdbuch\u016f, poran\u011bn\u00edm p\u00e1te\u0159e, ztr\u00e1tou zraku a neurologick\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm. Je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Izrael \u010dasto odep\u00edr\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dbu tis\u00edc\u016fm obyvatel Gazy, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i izraelsk\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch p\u0159i\u0161li o kon\u010detiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum konflikt\u016f v S\u00fdrii, Ir\u00e1ku, Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu a Bosn\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn\u00e9 d\u011bti \u010dasto trp\u00ed n\u00e1sledky po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Posttraumatick\u00e1 stresov\u00e1 porucha, deprese, \u00fazkostn\u00e9 poruchy a v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 poruchy mohou p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat a\u017e do dosp\u011blosti. P\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed sni\u017euje celo\u017eivotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy. Rodiny se rozpadaj\u00ed pod tlakem p\u00e9\u010de.<\/span><\/p>\n

Komise tak\u00e9 dokumentuje hlad, epidemie nemoc\u00ed, vys\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed a kolaps l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de. Takov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky ohro\u017euj\u00ed nejen sou\u010dasn\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, ale i zdrav\u00ed budouc\u00edch generac\u00ed v d\u016fsledku podv\u00fd\u017eivy, naru\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje plodu a kriz\u00ed v oblasti mate\u0159sk\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fsledkem nen\u00ed pouze humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed nouze. Je to systematick\u00e9 ni\u010den\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho rozvoje v celospole\u010densk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hind Rajab, hlas, kter\u00fd nebude uml\u010den<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuto trag\u00e9dii symbolizuje kr\u00e1tk\u00fd \u017eivot a nespravedliv\u00e1 poprava \u0161estilet\u00e9 Hind Rajab.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hind, uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fd ve vozidle s p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi b\u011bhem vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00ed v p\u00e1smu Gazy, se stal zn\u00e1m\u00fdm po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b kv\u016fli zoufal\u00fdm telefon\u00e1t\u016fm. Zvukov\u00e9 nahr\u00e1vky ukazuj\u00ed vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00e9 v aut\u011b v Gaze, jak pros\u00ed o z\u00e1chranu, obklopen\u00e9 t\u011bly \u010dlen\u016f sv\u00e9 rodiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh je vypr\u00e1v\u011bn v dokument\u00e1rn\u00edm dramatu \u201e2025\u201c Kaouther Ben Hania, kter\u00e9 v roce 2025 z\u00edskalo cenu v Ben\u00e1tk\u00e1ch. Zam\u011b\u0159uje se na mladou d\u00edvku, jej\u00ed\u017e zoufal\u00e9 prosby o pomoc adresovan\u00e9 \u010cerven\u00e9mu p\u016flm\u011bs\u00edci byly nahr\u00e1ny a staly se vir\u00e1ln\u00edmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b selhalo a Hind byl pozd\u011bji nalezen mrtv\u00fd. Komise tento p\u0159\u00edpad konkr\u00e9tn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edklad \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch vzorc\u016f, kter\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ovala.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historicky se ur\u010dit\u00e9 ob\u011bti st\u00e1vaj\u00ed mor\u00e1ln\u00edmi symboly, proto\u017ee zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed realitu. B\u011bhem v\u00e1lky ve Vietnamu se takov\u00fdm symbolem stala fotografie Kim Ph\u00faca.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hind Rajab se stala jedn\u00edm z nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hlas\u016f Gazy, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad transformuje abstrakci do lidsk\u00e9 reality.<\/span><\/p>\n

Statistick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o tis\u00edc\u00edch \u00famrt\u00ed ji\u017e nelze odd\u011blit od obrazu vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00edho na pomoc, kter\u00e1 nikdy nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e9 technologie a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapadek<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00edce znepokojiv\u00fdch aspekt\u016f zpr\u00e1vy Komise je souvislost mezi technologickou vysp\u011blost\u00ed a etick\u00fdm kolapsem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izrael disponuje jedn\u011bmi z nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed, dron\u016f, sledovac\u00edch platforem, p\u0159esn\u011b nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 munice, biometrick\u00e9ho dohledu a integrovan\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu boji\u0161t\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Teoreticky by takov\u00e9 schopnosti m\u011bly sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det civiln\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00edm schopnosti rozli\u0161ovat mezi bojovn\u00edky a nebojovn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety jsem v knize \u201eP\u0159\u00edpad Izraele\u201c uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee se stal p\u0159esn\u011b opak. Navzdory ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00e9torice o \u201ec\u00edlen\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch\u201c byli Palestinci v p\u00e1smu Gazy po cel\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce vystaveni nevyb\u00edrav\u00fdm bombardovac\u00edm n\u00e1let\u016fm, jak na konci roku 2023 p\u0159iznaly i americk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle doktr\u00edny anihilace se modern\u00ed technologie \u2013 bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed s pomoc\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence nebo alkicidy \u2013 nepou\u017e\u00edvaly k optimalizaci p\u0159esnosti. Sp\u00ed\u0161e slou\u017eily k maximalizaci po\u010dtu ob\u011bt\u00ed. Zab\u00edjen\u00ed nevinn\u00fdch civilist\u016f, zejm\u00e9na d\u011bt\u00ed, ji\u017e nebylo pouze vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u0161kodou, ale implicitn\u00edm c\u00edlem.<\/span><\/p>\n

I pot\u00e9, co se tyto skute\u010dnosti staly zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi, bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed nep\u0159estalo a pokra\u010dovalo m\u011bs\u00edce navzdory ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmu pobou\u0159en\u00ed. Masov\u00e9 zv\u011brstva ustoupila a\u017e tehdy, kdy\u017e dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce zbran\u00ed ji\u017e nedok\u00e1zaly uspokojit popt\u00e1vku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Komise souhlas\u00ed. Poukazuje na incidenty, kdy pokro\u010dil\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u00fadajn\u011b umo\u017e\u0148ovaly p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zab\u00edjen\u00ed m\u00edsto toho, aby poskytovaly lep\u0161\u00ed ochranu. P\u0159esn\u00e1 technologie nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b v\u00e9st k etick\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm. Posiluje z\u00e1m\u011bry, kter\u00e9 se za jej\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u201eP\u0159\u00edpadu Izraele\u201c to bylo jedno z \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edch t\u00e9mat. Technologick\u00e1 nad\u0159azenost nem\u016f\u017ee kompenzovat mor\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapadek. St\u00e1ty mohou dos\u00e1hnout bezprecedentn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed efektivity a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podkop\u00e1vat etick\u00e1 omezen\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 pro legitimn\u00ed vojenskou akci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed se dnes nach\u00e1z\u00ed v tomto mor\u00e1ln\u00edm bahn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1klady pro izraelskou spole\u010dnost a voj\u00e1ky<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky nekon\u010d\u00ed jen u palestinsk\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed. Jakmile pachatel\u00e9 sv\u00e9 ob\u011bti zabij\u00ed, tak \u010di onak si svou mor\u00e1ln\u00ed ambivalenci vyb\u00edjej\u00ed na sob\u011b a sv\u00fdch rodin\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rostouc\u00ed po\u010det klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed v oblasti vojensk\u00e9 psychologie ukazuje, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dast na n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chan\u00e9m na civiln\u00edm obyvatelstvu, zejm\u00e9na na d\u011btech, jeho sv\u011bdectv\u00ed nebo konfrontace s n\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee u samotn\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 psychick\u00e9 trauma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Traumacentra v Izraeli to v\u011bd\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dob\u0159e (a vl\u00e1da se to zoufale sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ed m\u00e9dii skr\u00fdt). Mu\u017ei vracej\u00edc\u00ed se z nekontrolovan\u00fdch boji\u0161\u0165 v p\u00e1smu Gazy \u2013 a st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji i v Libanonu \u2013 u\u017e nejsou mu\u017ei. Jsou to \u010dasovan\u00e9 bomby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se od \u010dlov\u011bka o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee bude zab\u00edjet bez jak\u00fdchkoli mor\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fd\u010ditek, pokra\u010duje v zab\u00edjen\u00ed: ne-li ostatn\u00edch, tak sebe sama. Studie americk\u00fdch veter\u00e1n\u016f z Ir\u00e1ku a Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu zjistily vysokou m\u00edru posttraumatick\u00e9 stresov\u00e9 poruchy, deprese, zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, sebevra\u017eedn\u00fdch my\u0161lenek a toho, co l\u00e9ka\u0159i st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201emor\u00e1ln\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed\u201c \u2013 psychickou \u00fajmu vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z \u00fa\u010dasti na \u010dinech, kter\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00ed hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 mor\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, jejich nezabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed nebo sv\u011bdectv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie opakovan\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee mor\u00e1ln\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt trvalej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e traumata zalo\u017een\u00e1 na strachu, proto\u017ee \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na osobn\u00ed identitu a etick\u00e9 sebepochopen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed okupace a opakovan\u00e9 kampan\u011b kolektivn\u00edho trest\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly k procesu mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed brutalizace v izraelsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Obavy se net\u00fdkaj\u00ed jen politick\u00e9 polarizace, ale tak\u00e9 normalizace n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se utrpen\u00ed civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva st\u00e1v\u00e1 rutinou, posouvaj\u00ed se mor\u00e1ln\u00ed hranice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historie nab\u00edz\u00ed st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9 paralely. Koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lky v Al\u017e\u00edrsku, Indo\u010d\u00edn\u011b a jinde \u010dasto zanech\u00e1valy hlubok\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 jizvy nejen na kolonizovan\u00fdch, ale i na spole\u010dnostech, kter\u00e9 tyto v\u00e1lky vedly.<\/span><\/p>\n

To se stane, kdy\u017e se \u017eiv\u00ed mrtv\u00ed vr\u00e1t\u00ed do sv\u00e9 vlasti.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u017e se Gaza stane nov\u00fdm norm\u00e1lem<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160ir\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed d\u016fsledky by mohly b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. Pokud se c\u00edlen\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed stane b\u011b\u017enou prax\u00ed, dopady se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed daleko za hranice Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo je z\u00e1sadn\u011b zalo\u017eeno na ochran\u011b civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva, zejm\u00e9na d\u011bt\u00ed. Pokud mocn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty mohou tyto normy otev\u0159en\u011b ignorovat, ani\u017e by byly za to vol\u00e1ny k odpov\u011bdnosti, odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va v\u0161ude sl\u00e1bne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Empirick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee beztrestnost podporuje opakov\u00e1n\u00ed. Neschopnost zabr\u00e1nit zv\u011brstv\u016fm ve Rwand\u011b, Bosn\u011b a D\u00e1rf\u00faru p\u0159isp\u011bla k budouc\u00edmu poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee signalizovala slab\u00e9 vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. Naopak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 mechanismy odpov\u011bdnosti historicky sni\u017eovaly m\u00edru opakov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi rizika pat\u0159\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 region\u00e1ln\u00ed radikalizace, nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed terorismus, toky uprchl\u00edk\u016f, zes\u00edlen\u00e1 rivalita mezi velmocemi, eroze mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch instituc\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed st\u00e1le nekontrolovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u201eDoktr\u00edn\u011b zni\u010den\u00ed\u201c jsem opakovan\u011b varoval, \u017ee ud\u00e1losti v Gaze nez\u016fstanou omezeny jen na Gazu. P\u00e1smo Gazy se stalo laborato\u0159\u00ed pro nov\u00e9 formy v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly pozd\u011bji exportov\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed komise vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b tuto obavu. Pokud bude v konfliktu akceptov\u00e1no systematick\u00e9 ni\u010den\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, \u0161kol, nemocnic a civiln\u00ed infrastruktury, budouc\u00ed v\u00e1l\u010d\u00edc\u00ed strany by se mohly na tento precedent odvol\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou zpr\u00e1vy tedy nen\u00ed jen to, co se stalo s d\u011btmi v Gaze. Sp\u00ed\u0161e jde o to, zda je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed p\u0159ipraveno dodr\u017eovat z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee d\u011bti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed samotnou v\u00e1lkou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee pokud tento princip sel\u017ee v Gaze, neprosad\u00ed se ani nikde jinde.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dan Steinbock<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V Gaze i za jej\u00edmi hranicemi izraelsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na palestinsk\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109818,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[245,178,107,186,4502,724],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109817"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109817\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}