{"id":109756,"date":"2026-07-01T00:30:05","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T22:30:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=109756"},"modified":"2026-06-30T17:23:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T15:23:47","slug":"nejvyssi-evropsky-soud-rozhodl-v-neprospech-vojaka-v-pripade-povinneho-ockovani-proti-covidu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/07\/01\/nejvyssi-evropsky-soud-rozhodl-v-neprospech-vojaka-v-pripade-povinneho-ockovani-proti-covidu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd soud rozhodl v neprosp\u011bch voj\u00e1ka v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVIDu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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D\u016fstojn\u00edk nedok\u00e1zal p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd soud, \u017ee povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19 v It\u00e1lii pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky ozbrojen\u00fdch sil p\u0159edstavuje diskriminaci, jeliko\u017e se tento po\u017eadavek nevztahuje na civiln\u00ed zam\u011bstnance. Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr rozhodl, \u017ee odpor k povinn\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b politick\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f nen\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem EU. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed experti uvedli, \u017ee toto rozhodnut\u00ed nep\u0159edstavuje obecn\u00e9 schv\u00e1len\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

D\u016fstojn\u00edk nedok\u00e1zal p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd soud, \u017ee povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19 v It\u00e1lii pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky ozbrojen\u00fdch sil je diskriminuje, proto\u017ee se tento po\u017eadavek nevztahuje na civiln\u00ed zam\u011bstnance.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fstojn\u00edk, identifikovan\u00fd inici\u00e1lami BG, slou\u017eil v italsk\u00e9m arm\u00e1dn\u00edm \u017eenijn\u00edm sboru. V lednu 2022 byl suspendov\u00e1n bez n\u00e1roku na plat za odm\u00edtnut\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr rozhodl, \u017ee odpor k povinn\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fd na politick\u00fdch rozd\u00edlech sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e na up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9m sv\u011bton\u00e1zoru nespad\u00e1 pod antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo Evropsk\u00e9 unie (EU).<\/span><\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost BG se proti pozastaven\u00ed odvolala s argumentem, \u017ee pravideln\u00e9 testy na COVID-19 jsou p\u0159ijatelnou alternativou k povinn\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017ee zam\u011bstnanci v jin\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch m\u011bli tuto mo\u017enost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Italsk\u00fd \u00fastavn\u00ed soud rozhodl proti n\u011bmu a shledal povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed pro arm\u00e1du vhodn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm pro vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n

V odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1dala italsk\u00e1 St\u00e1tn\u00ed rada, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed odvolac\u00ed soud v zemi, Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr o objasn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkolika pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr shledal, \u017ee BG nemohla prok\u00e1zat up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9, duchovn\u00ed nebo filozofick\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je chr\u00e1n\u011bno pr\u00e1vem EU.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eSoudci shledali, \u017ee BG nevyjad\u0159oval \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9, filozofick\u00e9 ani duchovn\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e zpochyb\u0148oval italskou zdravotn\u00ed politiku,\u201c uvedl Courthouse News. Jeho n\u00e1mitky \u201ese zam\u011b\u0159ily na \u00fa\u010dinnost vakc\u00edny, potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, testov\u00e1n\u00ed jako alternativu a zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm byla zavedena politika povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9m rozsudku Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr napsal, \u017ee BG \u201enem\u00e1 v \u00famyslu na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastn\u00edho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed nam\u00edtat proti povinn\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m se jedn\u00e1 v p\u016fvodn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e zpochyb\u0148ovat rozhodnut\u00ed italsk\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed jako takov\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto n\u00e1mitky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u201en\u00e1zory\u201c na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a jako takov\u00e9 nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny. Krom\u011b up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b zast\u00e1van\u00fdch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vo EU tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed diskriminac\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u011bku, zdravotn\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed nebo sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed orientace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nizozemsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vni\u010dka Meike Terhorst ozna\u010dila rozhodnut\u00ed za \u201epolitov\u00e1n\u00edhodn\u00e9 a zklam\u00e1n\u00edm hodn\u00e9\u201c, jeliko\u017e pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrana osobn\u00edho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed v EU \u201ese zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt pr\u00e1zdnou schr\u00e1nkou\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Verdikt nen\u00ed \u201epovolen\u00edm k uvalen\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f\u201c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed experti se neshoduj\u00ed v n\u00e1zoru na potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad rozhodnut\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho dvora.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle organizace Defence Matters relevance p\u0159\u00edpadu, kter\u00fd sice vych\u00e1z\u00ed z legislativy z doby COVID-19, p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec pandemie a t\u00fdk\u00e1 se \u201e\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry mohou ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly ukl\u00e1dat sv\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm povinnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zdrav\u00ed a pohotovosti a jak pr\u00e1vo EU rozli\u0161uje vojensk\u00e9 zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed od civiln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obecn\u011bji v\u0161ak toto rozhodnut\u00ed nep\u0159edstavuje plo\u0161n\u00e9 schv\u00e1len\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeliko\u017e Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr \u201enerozhodl o tom, zda jsou v\u0161echna na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o povinn\u00e9m o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed platn\u00e1 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m kontextu,\u201c uvedl Defence Matters.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle organizace Defence Matters toto rozhodnut\u00ed d\u00e1le omezuje \u201epou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ap\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed\u2018 jako pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu pro zpochybn\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed na pracovi\u0161ti\u201c. To by mohlo omezit prostor pro budouc\u00ed \u201eantidiskrimina\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1roky zalo\u017een\u00e9 na osobn\u00edm odm\u00edtnut\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eToto rozli\u0161en\u00ed by mohlo b\u00fdt d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v budouc\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch sporech, v nich\u017e se zam\u011bstnanci budou sna\u017eit prezentovat n\u00e1mitky proti p\u0159edpis\u016fm o ochran\u011b zdrav\u00ed nebo bezpe\u010dnosti jako chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed,\u201c uvedl Defence Matters.<\/span><\/p>\n

Organizace Defence Matters uvedla, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho dvora ned\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm EU \u201eneomezenou pravomoc\u201c. Vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee i nad\u00e1le napadnout n\u00e1rodn\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u201evnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, pr\u00e1va v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, spr\u00e1vn\u00edho pr\u00e1va nebo p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jin\u00fdch oblast\u00ed pr\u00e1va EU\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle organizace \u201eDefence Matters\u201c se toto rozhodnut\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dotkne p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f ozbrojen\u00fdch sil v cel\u00e9 EU, proto\u017ee \u201epotvrzuje, \u017ee vojensk\u00fd status m\u016f\u017ee od\u016fvodnit r\u016fzn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 povinnosti\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eOzbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly pravideln\u011b uplat\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edpisy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zdravotn\u00ed zp\u016fsobilosti, fyzick\u00e9 zdatnosti, o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed a nasazen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ty, kter\u00e9 plat\u00ed pro civiln\u00ed person\u00e1l. Tyto p\u0159edpisy mohou ovlivnit schopnost person\u00e1lu vykon\u00e1vat slu\u017ebu, b\u00fdt nasazen nebo setrvat v ur\u010dit\u00fdch rol\u00edch,\u201c uvedl Defence Matters.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Paolo Vargiu, docent pr\u00e1va na Britsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v Leicesteru, \u0159ekl Courthouse News, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed ned\u00e1v\u00e1 vl\u00e1d\u00e1m \u201evolnou ruku k uvalen\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f\u201c a neomezuje chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed pouze na n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, ale ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159enou hranici mezi chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm a zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm politick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vargiu uvedl, \u017ee to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee by v budoucnu mohly vzniknout pr\u00e1vn\u00ed spory, kter\u00e9 by se t\u00fdkaly ot\u00e1zek od l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho sebeur\u010den\u00ed a\u017e po povinnosti v oblasti ochrany klimatu a dal\u0161\u00ed po\u017eadavky na pracovi\u0161ti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Terhorst v\u0161ak uvedl, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho dvora \u201epodkop\u00e1v\u00e1 jakoukoli v\u00fdjimku z po\u017eadavku na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na sv\u011bton\u00e1zoru\u201c a ignoruje \u010dl\u00e1nek 3 Listiny z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v Evropsk\u00e9 unie, podle kter\u00e9ho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jak\u00fdkoli l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd z\u00e1krok zalo\u017een na informovan\u00e9m souhlasu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201e\u0158\u00edct ne l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9mu z\u00e1kroku je nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo \u2013 pr\u00e1vo rozhodovat o sv\u00e9m vlastn\u00edm t\u011ble,\u201c \u0159ekl Terhorst.<\/span><\/p>\n

Projedn\u00e1van\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad: Povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uje pr\u00e1vo na informovan\u00fd souhlas<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Terhorst p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee \u201epr\u00e1vn\u00ed diskuse o povinn\u00e9m o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c v EU \u201ebude pokra\u010dovat\u201c, proto\u017ee Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr dosud neprojednal n\u00e1mitku proti takov\u00fdm povinnostem s ohledem na evropsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/span><\/p>\n

Italsk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Alessandro Fusillo sd\u011blil serveru The Defender, \u017ee na n\u011bkter\u00e9 zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky by mohl p\u0159in\u00e9st odpov\u011bdi dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad projedn\u00e1van\u00fd u Evropsk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho dvora.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bc C-386\/25 se rovn\u011b\u017e t\u00fdk\u00e1 \u00fadajn\u00e9 diskriminace p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f ozbrojen\u00fdch sil, na kter\u00e9 se vztahovalo italsk\u00e9 povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je v\u0161ak povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1no mimo jin\u00e9 z d\u016fvodu, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm ozbrojen\u00fdch sil byl pot\u00e9, co byli informov\u00e1ni, odep\u0159en souhlas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00fd soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr byl po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n, aby prozkoumal, zda italsk\u00fd o\u010dkovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz nebyl \u201einformovan\u00fd\u201c, \u201eproto\u017ee chyb\u011bly pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pokyny nebo informace pro informov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato absence informovan\u00e9ho souhlasu by mohla b\u00fdt v rozporu s n\u011bkolika \u010dl\u00e1nky Listiny z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v Evropsk\u00e9 unie \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b \u010dl\u00e1nku 3 \u2013 a tak\u00e9 s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi dal\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy a usnesen\u00edmi EU a Rady Evropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTato \u017e\u00e1dost je mnohem komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a mohla by Soud donutit k tomu, aby upustil od sv\u00e9ho omezen\u00e9ho posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch a filozofick\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, jeliko\u017e je \u00fazce spjata s pr\u00e1vem na informovan\u00fd souhlas,\u201c uvedl Fusillo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od Michaela Nevradakise, Ph.D.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u016fstojn\u00edk nedok\u00e1zal p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd soud, \u017ee povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19 v It\u00e1lii pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109757,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[213,1239,324,1600],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109756"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109756"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109756\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}