{"id":109016,"date":"2026-06-20T05:28:32","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T03:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=109016"},"modified":"2026-06-20T05:28:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-20T03:28:32","slug":"dohoda-s-gibraltarem-odhaluje-trhliny-zapadu-napeti-mezi-spanelskem-a-britanii-je-jen-dalsim-znamenim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/06\/20\/dohoda-s-gibraltarem-odhaluje-trhliny-zapadu-napeti-mezi-spanelskem-a-britanii-je-jen-dalsim-znamenim\/","title":{"rendered":"Dohoda s Gibraltarem odhaluje trhliny Z\u00e1padu: Nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi \u0160pan\u011blskem a Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed je jen dal\u0161\u00edm znamen\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u0159elomov\u00e1 dohoda \u0160pan\u011blska se Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm o Gibraltaru po brexitu jde daleko za hranice spr\u00e1vy hranic. Dohoda ilustruje, jak brexit zm\u011bnil evropskou geopolitiku, zat\u00edmco \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spory, od Egejsk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e po Gr\u00f3nsko, nazna\u010duj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed uvnit\u0159 Z\u00e1padu a transatlantick\u00e9 aliance.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160pan\u011blsko a Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed ned\u00e1vno dos\u00e1hly v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 dohody o Gibraltaru po brexitu, o kter\u00e9 se st\u00e1le m\u00e1lo informuje.\u00a0<\/span>Smlouva<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o rozsahu 1 018 stran , zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v \u00fanoru 2026 po politick\u00e9 dohod\u011b dosa\u017een\u00e9 v \u010dervnu 2025 a pr\u00e1vn\u00edm textu finalizovan\u00e9m v prosinci 2025, by m\u011bla vstoupit v prozat\u00edmn\u00ed platnost\u00a0<\/span>15. \u010dervence 2026.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Zav\u00e1d\u00ed voln\u00fd pohyb p\u0159es pozemn\u00ed hranici mezi Gibraltarem a \u0160pan\u011blskem,\u00a0<\/span>ru\u0161\u00ed pozemn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s La L\u00edneou a ru\u0161\u00ed kontroly pro p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b\u00a0<\/span>15 000 p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gibraltar, kter\u00fd v roce 2016 drtivou v\u011bt\u0161inou hlasoval pro setrv\u00e1n\u00ed v EU, bude uplat\u0148ovat schengensk\u00e1 pravidla a p\u0159ipoj\u00ed se k nov\u00e9 celn\u00ed unii, ani\u017e by se form\u00e1ln\u011b znovu p\u0159ipojil k bloku. P\u0159\u00edjezd letecky nebo po mo\u0159i nyn\u00ed \u010del\u00ed dvoj\u00edm kontroln\u00edm stanovi\u0161t\u00edm, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci vy\u0159izuj\u00ed schengensk\u00e9 formality vedle gibraltarsk\u00fdch. \u010cl\u00e1nek 2 sice form\u00e1ln\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed britskou suverenitu, ale kritici ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed to pova\u017euj\u00ed za pomal\u00e9 naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly. \u0160pan\u011blsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady nyn\u00ed mohou britsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm (kte\u0159\u00ed nespl\u0148uj\u00ed schengensk\u00e9 po\u017eadavky) zabr\u00e1nit vstupu na \u00fazem\u00ed, co\u017e je precedentn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento pragmatick\u00fd kompromis ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed po letech napjat\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 Madridu d\u00edky brexitu dala novou pozici. Othman Regragui (v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve pracoval jako asistent v\u00fdzkumu pro Nadaci pro strategick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei)\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee tento v\u00fdvoj, a\u010dkoli Madridu d\u00e1v\u00e1 bezprecedentn\u00ed vliv na \u00fazem\u00ed, by se mohl tak\u00e9 obr\u00e1tit proti n\u011bmu. Mohl by nap\u0159\u00edklad vyvolat po\u017eadavky na podobnou autonomii ze strany \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch region\u016f, jako je Katal\u00e1nsko, Baskicko a Galicie, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyvolat \u00fastavn\u00ed probl\u00e9my uvnit\u0159 samotn\u00e9ho \u0160pan\u011blska.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sd\u00edlen\u00e1 spr\u00e1va hranic v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b usnad\u0148uje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0160pan\u011blsku potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhodu v budouc\u00edch kriz\u00edch. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 britsk\u00e9 hlasy, v\u010detn\u011b konzervativn\u00edch a reformn\u00edch poslanc\u016f Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, to naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed kapitulac\u00ed. Gibraltarsk\u00e1 ekonomika s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi dan\u011bmi, atraktivn\u00ed pro hazardn\u00ed hry a finance, by mohla \u010delit tlaku na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slad\u011bn\u00ed s pravidly EU, co\u017e by mohlo sn\u00ed\u017eit jej\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhodu oproti sousedn\u00ed Andalusii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato epizoda s Gibraltarem v\u0161ak zdaleka nen\u00ed ojedin\u011bl\u00e1: ve skute\u010dnosti je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho vzorce nap\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odhaluje trhliny jak v evropsk\u00e9 jednot\u011b, tak v transatlantick\u00e9 alianci. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomeneme, \u017ee brexit ji\u017e zp\u016fsobil hlubok\u00e9 komplikace\u00a0<\/span>v Severn\u00edm Irsku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety. Postbrexitov\u00e1 ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed ve skute\u010dnosti nad\u00e1le destabilizuj\u00ed vztahy na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, jak jsme vid\u011bli u francouzsko-britsk\u00fdch spor\u016f\u00a0<\/span>o Laman\u0161sk\u00fd pr\u016fliv<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako La Manche.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dalo by se nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee brexit p\u0159ipravil Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed o velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho vlivu a prom\u011bnil sd\u00edlen\u00fd probl\u00e9m ve zdroj bilater\u00e1ln\u00edho t\u0159en\u00ed. Brexit je v\u0161ak jen jedn\u00edm z probl\u00e9m\u016f. Je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou spory mezi \u010dleny NATO, z\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je \u0159ecko-tureck\u00e1 rivalita v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i: soupe\u0159\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1roky na teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed vody, vzdu\u0161n\u00fd prostor, kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf a \u0159adu ostrov\u016f, spolu s nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm Kypru, vedly k opakovan\u00fdm n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edm a leteck\u00fdm incident\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee tureck\u00e1 doktr\u00edna \u201eModr\u00e9 vlasti\u201c p\u0159\u00edmo zpochyb\u0148uje \u0159eck\u00e9 pozice, zat\u00edmco ob\u011b strany usiluj\u00ed o vojenskou modernizaci. Jak jsem ji\u017e\u00a0<\/span>uvedl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 toto nap\u011bt\u00ed odhaluje k\u0159ehkou jednotu NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aliance byla vybudov\u00e1na pro jinou \u00e9ru, nemluv\u011b o \u201e\u00a0<\/span>poru\u0161en\u00e9m slibu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c z roku 1990 t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se jej\u00ed postsov\u011btsk\u00e9 expanze. Nyn\u00ed se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s konflikty mezi \u010dleny sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi odli\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy. P\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch drobn\u00fdch neshod a nap\u011bt\u00ed, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad summit na Mont Blancu mezi Franci\u00ed a It\u00e1li\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tvrdou pravdou je, \u017ee kolektivn\u00ed obrana podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 5 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u016fsobit pr\u00e1zdn\u011b, kdy\u017e zem\u011b NATO mezi sebou vedou aktivn\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed spory: za prezidenta Donalda Trumpa Washington dokonce o\u017eivil ambice ohledn\u011b Gr\u00f3nska, d\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, s\u00a0<\/span>hrozbami<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vojensk\u00e9 akce a anexe. Evropsk\u00e9 reakce, v\u010detn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho nasazen\u00ed arm\u00e1dy, odhalily \u0161ok.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pragmatick\u00e9 dohody dosud zabr\u00e1nily otev\u0159en\u00fdm kriz\u00edm: Gibraltarsk\u00e1 dohoda sni\u017euje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed t\u0159en\u00ed (a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed sporn\u00e9 body), nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi \u0158eckem a Tureckem se pravideln\u011b dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pod mediaci NATO a tlaky a hrozby mezi USA a Gr\u00f3nskem nenabraly na obr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch. Spolupr\u00e1ce na spole\u010dn\u00fdch operac\u00edch v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech pokra\u010duje. Tyto spory v\u0161ak signalizuj\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed krizi v transatlantick\u00e9 alianci a evropsk\u00e9m projektu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dalo by se nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee Brexit fungoval pouze jako katalyz\u00e1tor, pos\u00edlil bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1roky a odhalil skryt\u00e9 rozpory uvnit\u0159 EU a NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve st\u00e1le v\u00edce multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b vykazuje pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d jasn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky nap\u011bt\u00ed. Evropsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vn\u00edmat americkou supervelmoc pod Trumpov\u00fdm veden\u00edm jako potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed hrozbu, zat\u00edmco z\u00e1padn\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i st\u00e1le v\u00edce uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed konec samotn\u00e9ho z\u00e1padn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du, jak je\u00a0<\/span>vid\u011bt<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Davosu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abychom to shrnuli, \u0160pan\u011blsko pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 EU proti partnerovi v NATO kv\u016fli Gibraltaru, zat\u00edmco Turecko prosazuje svou region\u00e1ln\u00ed agendu v r\u00e1mci aliance i mimo ni. USA zase up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 arktick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy i za cenu dobr\u00e9 v\u016fle spojenc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee analytici st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji popisuj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed jako jedno z nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pro NATO od Suezsk\u00e9 krize. Schopnost Z\u00e1padu projevovat soudr\u017enost je, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, pod skute\u010dn\u00fdm tlakem a dohoda s Gibraltarem je dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou t\u011bchto trhlin \u2013 a m\u011bla by b\u00fdt vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako sou\u010d\u00e1st tohoto \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho kontextu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159elomov\u00e1 dohoda \u0160pan\u011blska se Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm o Gibraltaru po brexitu jde daleko za hranice spr\u00e1vy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1479,440,303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109016"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109016"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109016\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}