{"id":108363,"date":"2026-06-08T00:16:10","date_gmt":"2026-06-07T22:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=108363"},"modified":"2026-06-07T16:29:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T14:29:32","slug":"zbynek-fiala-penize-nejsou-vsechno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/06\/08\/zbynek-fiala-penize-nejsou-vsechno\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbyn\u011bk Fiala: Pen\u00edze nejsou v\u0161echno"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kolik bereme, je kolik spolykaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty. Pom\u016f\u017ee, kdy\u017e je k tomu i n\u011bco zadarmo, t\u0159eba park, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed koupali\u0161t\u011b, knihovna, m\u00edsta, kde se m\u016f\u017eeme setk\u00e1vat. Pak tolik nevad\u00ed, \u017ee jsme chud\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zp\u00edv\u00e1valo se, ale byla to iluze:\u00a0A\u017e ten proletari\u00e1t poraz\u00ed kapitalistick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d, to budou p\u0159ekr\u00e1sn\u00e9 chv\u00edle, jak p\u00ed\u0161e Marx ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle.<\/em>\u00a0S\u00a0t\u00edm t\u0159\u00eddn\u00edm bojem m\u011bl Marx pravdu, boj pokra\u010duje, ale proletari\u00e1t je bit. Moc se o tom nep\u00ed\u0161e, ale sta\u010d\u00ed b\u00fdt chud\u00fd a p\u0159ijdete na to sami.<\/p>\n

Podle statistiky ohro\u017een\u00ed relativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmovou chudobou (AROP)<\/a>\u00a0vych\u00e1z\u00ed \u010cesko dlouhodob\u011b jako st\u00e1t s nejmen\u0161\u00ed chudobou v\u00a0EU, cituj\u00ed Michael \u0160vr\u0148\u00e1k a Daniel Prokop z\u00a0paq research<\/em>\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistiky a dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, jak malou vypov\u00eddac\u00ed hodnotu m\u00e1 takov\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed. Uveden\u00fd ukazatel toti\u017e nen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b srovnateln\u00fd, proto\u017ee nab\u00edz\u00ed porovn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f se st\u0159edn\u00ed mzdou v\u00a0dom\u00e1c\u00ed zemi, ta je ale\u00a0v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 zemi jin\u00e1 a v\u011bt\u0161ina EU je bohat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e my. Proto na tom m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rakousk\u00fd \u010di finsk\u00fd \u201echud\u00fd\u201c l\u00e9pe ne\u017e \u010desk\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnost, kterou bychom pova\u017eovali za docela slu\u0161n\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bnou.<\/p>\n

Pokud bychom definovali hranici chudoby tak, aby srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0EU d\u00e1valo smysl, pak by se muselo \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee sledujeme p\u0159\u00edjmy pod 60 procent evropsk\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed mzdy a je\u0161t\u011b po zohledn\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch cenov\u00fdch hladin (to znamen\u00e1 v\u00a0p\u0159epo\u010dtu na paritu kupn\u00ed s\u00edly).<\/p>\n

Podle takov\u00e9ho v\u00fdpo\u010dtu trp\u00ed relativn\u00ed chudobou p\u0159es 21 procent \u010desk\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. \u201eJsme zhruba v pr\u016fm\u011bru EU, nikoli na \u0161pi\u010dce,\u201c konstatovali zhruba p\u0159ed rokem auto\u0159i a poukazuj\u00ed na nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly: \u201e\u010cast\u011bji ne\u017e v Evrop\u011b jsou u n\u00e1s chud\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00edci, samostatn\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed senio\u0159i a samo\u017eivitelky s d\u011btmi.\u201c<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.paqresearch.cz\/post\/chudoba-cesko-eu\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Vzpomn\u011bl jsem si na to nad sou\u010dasn\u00fdm j\u00e1sotem, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 mzda p\u0159es\u00e1hla 50 tis\u00edc korun, z\u00a0\u010deho\u017e plyne, \u017ee d\u00e1l u\u017e jsou jen radostn\u00e9 z\u00edt\u0159ky. Pades\u00e1t litr\u016f jist\u011b nen\u00ed m\u00e1lo, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kdy\u017e je dostanete. Jen\u017ee tolik a v\u00edc opravdu dostane jen horn\u00ed t\u0159etina nejl\u00e9pe placen\u00fdch, jejich\u017e skute\u010dn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed skr\u00fdv\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011br, kter\u00fdm to tla\u010d\u00ed ty slab\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b t\u0159etiny dol\u016f.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/csu.gov.cz\/rychle-informace\/prumerne-mzdy-1-ctvrtleti-2026<\/a><\/p>\n

A proto\u017ee \u010dert p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u017edy na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrom\u00e1dku, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u016f\u017eky se vytrvale roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se ka\u017ed\u00e9mu p\u0159id\u00e1 stejn\u011b procent, pak ten, kdo m\u00e1 v\u00edc, dostane v\u00edc. Z\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstku HDP dostane ta horn\u00ed skupina v\u017edycky nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je st\u0159edn\u00ed mzda, kter\u00e1 je zhruba o p\u011btinu pod pr\u016fm\u011brem. Ale ani podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla o mzdov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji ne\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed v\u0161echno o soci\u00e1ln\u00edch rozd\u00edlech a sami statistici p\u0159izn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1hu maj\u00ed rozd\u00edly v\u00a0majetku. Ty jsou obrovsk\u00e9. Nejbohat\u0161\u00ed 1 procento dr\u017e\u00ed 36 % celkov\u00e9ho majetku a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 58 % ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho majetku v \u010cesku. (Jestli chcete hr\u00e1t na burze a nepat\u0159\u00edte do horn\u00edho procenta se spoustou milion\u016f, jste bl\u00e1zni.)<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b \u0161pi\u010dat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dka nejbohat\u0161\u00edch, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed jedna tis\u00edcina nen\u00ed v\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch statistik\u00e1ch sledov\u00e1na, tam jsme odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni na odhady.\u00a0Ty nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee tato nepatrn\u00e1 skupina dr\u017e\u00ed jednotky a\u017e ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed des\u00edtky procent celkov\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho bohatstv\u00ed \u010cR. \u0158ekn\u011bme dvacet procent, a\u0165 je tu n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Naopak spodn\u00ed polovina dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed vlastn\u00ed jen zlomky procent celkov\u00e9ho majetku.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/zpravy.kurzy.cz\/741112-jen-jedno-procento-cechu-ma-financni-majetek-pres-pet-milionu-korun-bcg\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161me to. Jedno promile m\u00e1 200 a p\u011bt stovek promile m\u00e1 1. Ti naho\u0159e jsou tedy na tom desettis\u00edckr\u00e1t l\u00edp ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina. Jestli m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk doln\u00ed poloviny obyvatelstva jen slabou desetitis\u00edcinu bohatstv\u00ed, jak\u00fdm p\u0159ekypuje horn\u00ed jedno promile, a nen\u00ed to b\u00edda (\u201ejsme na \u0161pici v\u00a0EU\u201c), pak jsem Panna Orle\u00e1nsk\u00e1 a pletu dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00fd ko\u0161\u00edky, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1val s\u00a0oblibou m\u016fj b\u011b\u017eeck\u00fd par\u0165\u00e1k V\u00e1clav.<\/p>\n

Tady se d\u00e1 nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee mimo b\u00eddu se d\u00e1 pohybovat i bez bohatstv\u00ed, prost\u011b vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1m, kolik sta\u010d\u00ed. No, nen\u00ed to cel\u00e1 pravda. Pot\u0159ebuju taky, aby dob\u0159e fungovaly ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby jako je bezplatn\u00e9 zdravotnictv\u00ed nebo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, nemluv\u011b o dostupnosti energii, s\u00edt\u00ed nebo dopravy. To maj\u00ed ti bohat\u0161\u00ed pod kontrolou a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00edme \u0161et\u0159it a privatizovat. A pot\u0159ebuju taky knihovny, parky, koupali\u0161t\u011b a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdch je i s\u00a0divadly a koncertn\u00edmi s\u00e1ly v\u00a0bohat\u00fdch centrech velk\u00fdch m\u011bst dost. Jen\u017ee odtud m\u011b vypud\u00ed ceny bydlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Uveden\u00e9 t\u00e9ma systematicky rozv\u00edj\u00ed skupina levicov\u00fdch ekonom\u016f z\u00a0britsk\u00e9ho Manchesteru (kol\u00e9bky pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce) sdru\u017een\u00fdch ve\u00a0Foundational Economy<\/em>. To je n\u011bco jako ekonomie z\u00e1kladn\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch pot\u0159eb, a posuzuj\u00ed to pak o\u010dima dom\u00e1cnosti z r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 skupiny. N\u011bkoho p\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu HDP. M\u00e1 slo\u017eky materi\u00e1ln\u00ed (dr\u00e1ty, trubky, stavby), slo\u017eky orientovan\u00e9 na budoucnost (poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u0161kolstv\u00ed, zdravotnictv\u00ed) a dopl\u0148kov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 odli\u0161uj\u00ed \u017eivot od p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ekonomov\u00e9 z\u00a0FE dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e hrub\u00e9 mzdy, kterou se ve statistik\u00e1ch s\u00a0takovou oblibou operuje, je kolik v\u00e1m v\u00a0dom\u00e1cnosti zbyde ze v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f a podpor po zaplacen\u00ed nejen dan\u00ed a pojistn\u00e9ho, ale tak\u00e9 v\u0161ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pot\u0159eb. Jak\u00fd je v\u00e1\u0161 rezidu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem. Nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodou v\u00a0m\u00ednusu? Ne\u017eijete v\u00a0hr\u016fze, \u017ee neuhraditeln\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na elekt\u0159inu, n\u00e1jmy, potraviny a dopravu v\u00e1s \u017eenou do dluh\u016f, kter\u00fdmi se m\u016f\u017eete prob\u00edjet jen vytlouk\u00e1n\u00edm kl\u00ednu kl\u00ednem?<\/p>\n

https:\/\/foundationaleconomy.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Pokou\u0161el jsem se zjistit, jestli \u010desk\u00e9 statistiky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s s\u00a0takovou jistotou \u0159ad\u00ed mezi zem\u011b s\u00a0nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmovou chudobou, tohle sleduj\u00ed. A jako obvykle, probral jsem to s\u00a0um\u011bl\u00fdm inteligentem Um\u011blkou (on sice jm\u00e9no nem\u00e1, ale n\u011bjak mu \u0159\u00edkat mus\u00edm).<\/p>\n

Um\u011blka mi potvrdil, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e1 statistika nezn\u00e1\u00a0rezidu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem<\/strong>, kter\u00fd vznikne po ode\u010dtu \u010dty\u0159ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pot\u0159eb od\u00a0disponibiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu<\/strong>, tedy\u00a0hrub\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu<\/strong>\u00a0bez dan\u00ed a pojistn\u00e9ho. Hled\u00e1me tedy informa\u010dn\u00ed zdroje, podle kter\u00fdch bychom sami\u00a0ode\u010detli<\/strong>\u00a0od disponibiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu\u00a0n\u00e1klady na bydlen\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0(n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 nebo hypot\u00e9ka a teplo),\u00a0utility<\/strong>\u00a0(plyn, voda, elekt\u0159ina),\u00a0potraviny a dopravu<\/strong>. A to v\u00a0deseti (nebo aspo\u0148 p\u011bti) odstup\u0148ovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed SILC (\u017divotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky) zachycuje slo\u017eky disponibiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu (ale neod\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 je) vynalo\u017een\u00e9 na bydlen\u00ed a energie. To je zhruba jen polovina toho, co pot\u0159ebujeme v\u011bd\u011bt. Rozli\u0161en\u00ed podle p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f je do p\u011bti skupin (kvintily). Britov\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed s\u00a0deseti skupinami, ale budi\u017e.<\/p>\n

Jak ale d\u00e1l? A tady m\u011b Um\u011blka upozornil na \u010deskou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost. Existuje dal\u0161\u00ed \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed \u010cS\u00da Statistika rodinn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f (SR\u00da), kde u\u017e je \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do deseti p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch skupin, a to sleduje n\u00e1klady dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed nejen na bydlen\u00ed, vodu, energie a paliva, ale taky na potraviny a dopravu. A toto \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed SR\u00da se prov\u00e1d\u00ed od roku 2017 na stejn\u00e9m vzorku dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed jako SILC. SR\u00da se tedy d\u00e1 se SILC propojit. To je evropsk\u00fd unik\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Po p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti s\u00e1hli sociologov\u00e9 Martina Mys\u00edkov\u00e1 a Tom\u00e1\u0161 \u017delinsk\u00fd ze Sociologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd a analyzovali v\u00fddaje na potraviny a bydlen\u00ed ve vztahu k\u00a0disponibiln\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edjmu podle p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch decil\u016f (rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed do deseti skupin od nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edho do nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu). A zjistili, \u017ee v\u00a0letech 2020 a\u017e 2022 u nejchud\u0161\u00edho decilu \u010dinily v\u00fddaje na bydlen\u00ed a potraviny 72 procent disponibiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/iariw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Mysikova-Reassessing-Household-Welfare-The-Role-of-Housing-and-Food-Expenditures.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

A to chyb\u00ed doprava za prac\u00ed, n\u00e1klady na hl\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, krou\u017eky. \u017divot v\u00a0takov\u00e9m sev\u0159en\u00ed se asi ned\u00e1 jen vlastn\u00edm \u00fasil\u00edm zm\u011bnit. \u00dadaje tedy m\u00e1me, a b\u00eddu taky.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1lky pokra\u010duj\u00ed a nem\u00edn\u00ed jentak skon\u010dit. N\u00e1klady energi\u00ed porostou a prom\u00edtnou se do v\u0161eho, i do \u00farok\u016f a hypot\u00e9k. Tohle je t\u0159askav\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. I to, \u017ee pen\u00edze nejsou v\u0161echno. \u010c\u00e1st p\u0159\u00edjmu mohou doplnit ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby a dostupn\u00e1 infrastruktura pro udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bla i du\u0161e, a to je ze zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00a0pravomoc\u00edch obc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

B\u00edda nau\u010dila Dalibora housti, prav\u00ed star\u00e9 moudro. A kde nesta\u010d\u00ed, Um\u011blka porad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zbyn\u011bk Fiala<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kolik bereme, je kolik spolykaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty. Pom\u016f\u017ee, kdy\u017e je k tomu i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":95604,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,45,90],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108363"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108363"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108363\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/95604"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}