{"id":107967,"date":"2026-06-02T00:34:58","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T22:34:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=107967"},"modified":"2026-06-01T18:01:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T16:01:00","slug":"jose-nino-jak-zapadni-zpravodajske-sluzby-vybudovaly-globalni-dzihadistickou-sit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/06\/02\/jose-nino-jak-zapadni-zpravodajske-sluzby-vybudovaly-globalni-dzihadistickou-sit\/","title":{"rendered":"Jos\u00e9 Ni\u00f1o: Jak z\u00e1padn\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby vybudovaly glob\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1distickou s\u00ed\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ameri\u010dan\u016fm se v\u0161t\u00edpila uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed poh\u00e1dka o isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m terorismu. Radik\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u00e9 \u200b\u200b\u00fato\u010d\u00ed na Z\u00e1pad, proto\u017ee pohrdaj\u00ed svobodou, demokraci\u00ed a americk\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota. Tato narativov\u00e1 p\u0159edstava lichot\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 mnohem znepokojiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed realitu. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed a Izrael po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed vyzbrojuj\u00ed, financuj\u00ed, toleruj\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sunnitsk\u00e9 islamistick\u00e9 extremisty jako geopolitick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje k destabilizaci sv\u00fdch rival\u016f. D\u016fkazy lze nal\u00e9zt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch konfliktn\u00edch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch a jsou zalo\u017eeny na odtajn\u011bn\u00fdch dokumentech, vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Kongresu a d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 investigativn\u00ed \u017eurnalistice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejl\u00e9pe zdokumentovan\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem je operace Cyclone, program CIA na vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed a financov\u00e1n\u00ed afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fdch mud\u017eahed\u00edn\u016f v letech 1979 a\u017e 1992. V rozhovoru pro Le Nouvel Observateur z roku 1998 b\u00fdval\u00fd poradce pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost Zbigniew Brzezinski potvrdil, \u017ee CIA za\u010dala podporovat odp\u016frce mud\u017eahed\u00edn\u016f v K\u00e1bulu \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed sov\u011btskou invaz\u00ed \u2013 promy\u0161len\u00e1 provokace, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem bylo zat\u00e1hnout Moskvu do beznad\u011bjn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Na ot\u00e1zku, zda lituje podpory isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho fundamentalismu, kter\u00fd poskytl \u201ebudouc\u00edm terorist\u016fm zbran\u011b a rady\u201c, Brzezinski odpov\u011bd\u011bl:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eCo je ve sv\u011btov\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed? T\u00e1lib\u00e1n, nebo rozpad sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria? P\u00e1r rozzloben\u00fdch muslim\u016f, nebo osvobozen\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy a konec studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky?\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Do t\u00e9to operace bylo zapojeno n\u011bkolik zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. MI6 prov\u00e1d\u011bla tajn\u00e9 operace na podporu radik\u00e1ln\u00edch velitel\u016f. P\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e1 zpravodajsk\u00e1 agentura ISI slou\u017eila jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed a logistick\u00fd kan\u00e1l \u2013 pod veden\u00edm p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho prezidenta Zia ul-Haqa, kter\u00fd po celou dobu v\u00e1lky diktoval politiku ISI. Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie se zav\u00e1zala k tomu, \u017ee bude dorovn\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky CIA v pom\u011bru jedna ku jedn\u00e9 \u2013 z\u00e1vazek u\u010din\u011bn\u00fd b\u011bhem Brzezinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy Rij\u00e1du v \u00fanoru 1980 a jeho\u017e pln\u011bn\u00ed osobn\u011b v Rij\u00e1du sledoval d\u016fstojn\u00edk CIA Gust Avrakotos a kongresman Charlie Wilson (demokrat z Texasu), kdy\u017e sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 platby nep\u0159i\u0161ly. Historik Steve Coll ve sv\u00e9 knize *V\u00e1lky duch\u016f* zdokumentoval, \u017ee Us\u00e1ma bin L\u00e1din neform\u00e1ln\u011b spolupracoval s gerilov\u00fdmi v\u00fdcvikov\u00fdmi t\u00e1bory pro nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed arabsk\u00e9 d\u017eih\u00e1disty veden\u00fdmi ISI a udr\u017eoval \u00fazk\u00e9 vazby s velitelem D\u017eal\u00e1ludd\u00ednem Hakk\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9ho podporovala CIA. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165, z n\u00ed\u017e vze\u0161la al-K\u00e1ida, se vyvinula p\u0159\u00edmo z t\u00e9to infrastruktury.<\/span><\/p>\n

Afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka nebyla izolovan\u00fdm experimentem, ale za\u010d\u00e1tkem del\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu. Tyt\u00e9\u017e s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 tam vznikly, se rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily na dal\u0161\u00ed frontu. \u010ce\u010densk\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v 90. letech podporovali arab\u0161t\u00ed a st\u0159edoasijsk\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskali sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z nich byl Ibn Chatt\u00e1b, sa\u00fadskoarabsk\u00fd veter\u00e1n mud\u017eahed\u00edn\u016f, narozen\u00fd v roce 1969 v Ar’aru v Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii, kter\u00fd se v 18 letech p\u0159ipojil k afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu d\u017eih\u00e1du, ne\u017e se v roce 1995 p\u0159est\u011bhoval do \u010ce\u010denska. Organizace podporovan\u00e9 Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed sm\u011brovaly finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky a charitativn\u00ed organizace st\u00e1t\u016f Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu zalo\u017een\u00e9 b\u011bhem afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho d\u017eih\u00e1du podporovaly \u2013 n\u011bkdy v\u011bdom\u011b, n\u011bkdy nev\u011bdom\u011b \u2013 skupiny napojen\u00e9 na al-K\u00e1idu po celou dek\u00e1du. Podle zpr\u00e1vy Komise pro 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se n\u011bkolik pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f z 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b Mohameda Atty, Marwana al-Shehhiho, Ziada Jarraha a Ramziho bin al-Shibha \u2013 p\u016fvodn\u011b v roce 1999 pokusilo cestovat do \u010ce\u010denska, ne\u017e byli odklon\u011bni do t\u00e1bor\u016f al-K\u00e1idy v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco \u010de\u010densk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka ilustrovala, jak se s\u00edt\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 Z\u00e1padem mohou vymknout kontrole, Washington ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edval podobn\u00e9 strategie jinde, by\u0165 v nov\u00fdch obm\u011bn\u00e1ch. Investigativn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159 Seymour Hersh ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku \u201eP\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c v den\u00edku New Yorker z roku 2007 zdokumentoval, \u017ee administrativa George W. Bushe ve spolupr\u00e1ci se Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bla tajn\u00e9 operace s c\u00edlem oslabit Hizball\u00e1h a \u00cdr\u00e1n pos\u00edlen\u00edm sunnitsk\u00fdch skupin. Podle Hershov\u00fdch zpravodajsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f \u201evedlej\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkem t\u011bchto aktivit bylo pos\u00edlen\u00ed sunnitsk\u00fdch extremistick\u00fdch skupin, kter\u00e9 zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed militantn\u00ed interpretaci isl\u00e1mu, jsou nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di Americe a jsou napojen\u00e9 na al-K\u00e1idu.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Izrael tak\u00e9 ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bl sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed paraleln\u00ed operace proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu. V roce 2012 \u010dasopis Foreign Policy zve\u0159ejnil zpr\u00e1vu novin\u00e1\u0159e Marka Perryho, zalo\u017eenou na memorandech CIA, kter\u00e1 popisovala, jak se izrael\u0161t\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci Mossadu vyd\u00e1vali za agenty CIA, aby rekrutovali \u010dleny D\u017eundall\u00e1hu, sunnitsk\u00e9 salafistick\u00e9 organizace se s\u00eddlem v P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, kter\u00e1 je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za \u010detn\u00e9 bombov\u00e9 \u00fatoky v \u00cdr\u00e1nu. \u00da\u0159edn\u00edk zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby Perrymu \u0159ekl:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eJe ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed, co si Izraelci dovolili. Jejich n\u00e1borov\u00e9 aktivity prob\u00edhaly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela otev\u0159en\u011b.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u00e1 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed logika, kter\u00e1 formovala Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n, \u010ce\u010densko a Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, funguje i ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da obvi\u0148uje USA z vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ujgursk\u00fdch islamistick\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed k destabilizaci Sin-\u0165iangu. Mluv\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed \u010cao Li-\u0165ien opakovan\u011b tvrdil, \u017ee USA v letech 2020 a 2021 podporovaly ujgursk\u00e9 militantn\u00ed organizace. USA financovan\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed nadace pro demokracii (NED) poskytla granty ujgursk\u00fdm exilov\u00fdm organizac\u00edm. Spoluzakladatel NED Allen Weinstein v \u010dl\u00e1nku Davida Ignatiuse v den\u00edku Washington Post z roku 1991 p\u0159iznal: \u201eVelkou \u010d\u00e1st toho, co dnes d\u011bl\u00e1me, d\u011blala CIA tajn\u011b p\u0159ed 25 lety.\u201c V \u0159\u00edjnu 2020 americk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Mike Pompeo zru\u0161il ozna\u010den\u00ed Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed V\u00fdchodn\u00edho Turkest\u00e1nu za teroristickou organizaci \u2013 krok, kter\u00fd Peking interpretoval jako d\u016fkaz z\u00e1padn\u00ed podpory ujgursk\u00e9ho extremismu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u00e9 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed vzorce se opakuj\u00ed v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, \u010ce\u010densku, na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b a v Sin-\u0165iangu. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed strategick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy se p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed s kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi v\u00fdhodami sunnitsk\u00fdch islamistick\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed. Operace jsou prov\u00e1d\u011bny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f, jako je Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e1 zpravodajsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba ISI nebo st\u00e1ty Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, co\u017e Washingtonu umo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eovat si ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed odstup. D\u016fsledky se kone\u010dn\u011b projev\u00ed o n\u011bkolik let pozd\u011bji \u2013 a zaplat\u00ed se za n\u011b americkou krv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Naivn\u00ed narativ o nen\u00e1visti terorist\u016f ke svobod\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed propagand\u011b a zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 mnohem temn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravdu: z\u00e1padn\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby jednaly jako architekti chaosu a ve snaze o americkou hegemonii podn\u011bcovaly nestabilitu v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Pokud si sv\u011bt p\u0159eje skute\u010dnou stabilitu, mus\u00ed nejprve tento vzorec uznat a po\u017eadovat, aby tyto zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby nesly odpov\u011bdnost za chaos, kter\u00fd po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ameri\u010dan\u016fm se v\u0161t\u00edpila uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed poh\u00e1dka o isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m terorismu. Radik\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u00e9 \u200b\u200b\u00fato\u010d\u00ed na Z\u00e1pad, proto\u017ee pohrdaj\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":51941,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[109,7359,365,1662],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107967"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107967\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}