{"id":107851,"date":"2026-06-01T00:18:26","date_gmt":"2026-05-31T22:18:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=107851"},"modified":"2026-05-31T14:33:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-31T12:33:16","slug":"bez-soukromeho-vlastnictvi-zanika-demokracie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/06\/01\/bez-soukromeho-vlastnictvi-zanika-demokracie\/","title":{"rendered":"Bez soukrom\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed zanik\u00e1 demokracie"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Demokracie v sob\u011b nese i sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed p\u00e1d. Men\u0161ina \u010dist\u00fdch da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed a pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta, zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina vol\u00ed p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vyvlast\u0148uje. Bez nezciziteln\u00fdch svobod, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm soukrom\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00e1 demokracie kon\u010d\u00ed socialismem. Otcov\u00e9 rakousk\u00e9 \u00fastavy si tohoto nebezpe\u010d\u00ed byli v\u011bdomi.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Teorie ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 volby vysv\u011btluje struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Ekonomov\u00e9 jako James Buchanan uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee politici a voli\u010di nejednaj\u00ed altruisticky, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e sobecky (co\u017e je vlastn\u011b truismus). V\u011bt\u0161ina voli\u010d\u016f t\u011b\u017e\u00ed ze slibu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco n\u00e1klady jsou rozlo\u017eeny mezi malou skupinu \u010dist\u00fdch p\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u016f. Strany vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00ed volby t\u00edm, \u017ee berou od t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed vysok\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, a rozd\u011bluj\u00ed v\u00fdhody t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed je dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9 vyvlast\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm neust\u00e1le rostouc\u00edch dan\u00ed. Motivace k vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed se sni\u017euje. St\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 firmy, investuje nebo podstupuje ekonomick\u00e1 rizika. Produktivita kles\u00e1, dokud ka\u017ed\u00fd nepo\u017eaduje sv\u016fj pod\u00edl a prosperita se nezhrout\u00ed. To je v\u00fdsledek, kdy\u017e je v\u016fle v\u011bt\u0161iny prosazov\u00e1na bez omezen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ob\u010dansk\u00fdch svobod.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tv\u016frci rakousk\u00e9 \u00fastavy v letech 1867 a 1920 si toto \u00faskal\u00ed uv\u011bdomili. V Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u011b o v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech ob\u010dan\u016f\u00a0<\/span>zakotvili nezciziteln\u00e9 svobody<\/span><\/a> , kter\u00e9 ani parlamentn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina nem\u016f\u017ee jednodu\u0161e zru\u0161it. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je \u010dl\u00e1nek 5: \u201eMajetek je nedotknuteln\u00fd. Vyvlastn\u011bn\u00ed proti v\u016fli vlastn\u00edka m\u016f\u017ee prob\u011bhnout pouze v p\u0159\u00edpadech a zp\u016fsobem stanoven\u00fdm z\u00e1konem.\u201c Soukrom\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed je ochranou proti kolektivn\u00ed chamtivosti. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va pat\u0159\u00ed svoboda projevu a tisku, svoboda shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed, svoboda volby povol\u00e1n\u00ed a ochrana jednotlivce. Tato pr\u00e1va poskytuj\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016fm nezbytnou ochranu p\u0159ed sv\u00e9vol\u00ed st\u00e1tu a sv\u00e9vol\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny.<\/span><\/p>\n

S feder\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastavou z roku 1920 \u0161el Hans Kelsen je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l. Z\u0159\u00eddil \u00dastavn\u00ed soud jako nez\u00e1visl\u00fd dozor\u010d\u00ed org\u00e1n pov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm slu\u010ditelnosti z\u00e1kon\u016f se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi pr\u00e1vy. \u00dastavn\u00ed soud m\u011bl b\u00fdt str\u00e1\u017ecem svobodn\u00e9ho a demokratick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du. M\u011bl zajistit, aby se demokracie nezvrhla v diktaturu v\u011bt\u0161iny. Tv\u016frci \u00fastavy ch\u00e1pali, \u017ee bez institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch kontrol a protivah zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 touha po p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fakor dlouhodob\u00e9 prosperity. Co v\u0161ak Kelsen nep\u0159edv\u00eddal, byla korupce \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu politiky. Dnes slo\u017een\u00ed \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu ur\u010duje vl\u00e1da, co\u017e je zvr\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba rychle napravit. Soudci \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edmo voleni lidem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politici se dnes systematicky sna\u017e\u00ed zru\u0161it nepohodln\u00e9 svobody, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pr\u00e1vo na vlastn\u00ed majetek a svobodu projevu. Z\u00e1stupci levicov\u00fdch, probuzen\u00fdch a zelen\u00fdch stran jednoty a jejich pseudokonzervativn\u00ed spojenci po\u017eaduj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b, dokonce i vyvlastn\u011bn\u00ed; zapojuj\u00ed se do nucen\u00e9ho p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a podn\u011bcuj\u00ed nen\u00e1vist proti ekonomicky \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm. Naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed to \u201espravedlnost\u00ed\u201c, ale je to klasick\u00e1 logika ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 volby; je to kupov\u00e1n\u00ed hlas\u016f. D\u016fsledky jsou ji\u017e viditeln\u00e9 v\u0161ude: m\u00e9n\u011b inovac\u00ed, exodus podnikatel\u016f a kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, rostouc\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed dluh a klesaj\u00edc\u00ed soukrom\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Bez siln\u00fdch vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v demokracie ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u016fj ekonomick\u00fd motor. Men\u0161ina \u010dist\u00fdch da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f ztr\u00e1c\u00ed motivaci vytv\u00e1\u0159et p\u0159idanou hodnotu pro v\u0161echny. Socialismus se vkr\u00e1d\u00e1 skrze \u00fadajn\u011b \u201edemokratick\u00e9\u201c z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abychom ochr\u00e1nili na\u0161i svobodu a t\u00edm i na\u0161i demokracii, mus\u00edme o\u017eivit ide\u00e1ly svobody, kter\u00e9 prosazovali otcov\u00e9 zakladatel\u00e9 na\u0161\u00ed \u00fastavy. Soukrom\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed mus\u00ed z\u016fstat absolutn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bno, nikoli jako \u201eprivilegium bohat\u00fdch\u201c, ale jako z\u00e1klad ka\u017ed\u00e9 svobodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Svoboda n\u00e1zoru a projevu mus\u00ed z\u016fstat absolutn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bna jako z\u00e1klad ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho dal\u0161\u00edho rozvoje spole\u010dnosti a ekonomiky a jako nepostradateln\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 demokracie. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo oslabuje tato z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va, nen\u00ed obr\u00e1ncem demokracie, ale jej\u00edm hrobn\u00edkem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od Chrise Vebera<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Demokracie v sob\u011b nese i sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed p\u00e1d. Men\u0161ina \u010dist\u00fdch da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":107852,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[120,4948,3693,2954],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107851"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107851"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107851\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/107852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}