{"id":106218,"date":"2026-05-10T00:23:42","date_gmt":"2026-05-09T22:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=106218"},"modified":"2026-05-09T13:30:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-09T11:30:22","slug":"hysterie-kolem-hantaviru-je-zbytecna-uklidnuje-a-vysvetluje-mikrobiolog-prof-dr-martin-haditsch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/05\/10\/hysterie-kolem-hantaviru-je-zbytecna-uklidnuje-a-vysvetluje-mikrobiolog-prof-dr-martin-haditsch\/","title":{"rendered":"Hysterie kolem hantaviru je zbyte\u010dn\u00e1: uklid\u0148uje a vysv\u011btluje mikrobiolog prof. Dr. Martin Haditsch"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Profesor Dr. Haditsch vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee hantaviry jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ji\u017e des\u00edtky let a obvykle se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed kontaktem s exkrementy hlodavc\u016f. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad se t\u00fdk\u00e1 viru Andes, kter\u00fd se ve vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et i z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka. Studie v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00edra infekce je velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1. P\u0159enos vy\u017eaduje bl\u00edzk\u00fd kontakt a t\u00fdk\u00e1 se akutn\u011b nemocn\u00fdch jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou sotva pohybliv\u00ed. Haditsch kritizuje ve\u0159ejnou hysterii kolem epidemie a zasazuje se o objektivn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed situace.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n<span dir=\"auto\">S laskav\u00fdm svolen\u00edm profesora Dr. Martina Haditsche jsme jeho vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00ed video p\u0159epsali a p\u0159ipravili pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/puCOICDljBc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Stru\u010dnou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku (6:23 minut) najdete na YouTube zde<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0titulkov\u00e1 verze pro mobiln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na platform\u011b X\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/report24news\/status\/2052849570334282241\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">je k dispozici na tomto odkazu.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010d videa na YouTube\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/puCOICDljBc?si=2ezc2L7PBNRfNwhL\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Vzhledem k sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci s t\u011bmito infekcemi hantavirem na v\u00fdletn\u00ed lodi bych v\u00e1m r\u00e1d poskytl n\u011bkolik faktick\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u00e1zev Hantavirus vznikl b\u011bhem epidemie v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji p\u0159ed d\u00e1vnou dobou. Hantaviry zn\u00e1me ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 let. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Evrop\u011b je nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tzv. Puumala virus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V\u011bt\u0161ina infekc\u00ed hantaviry vznik\u00e1 kontaktem s exkrementy hlodavc\u016f. P\u0159enos z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka je omezen na n\u011bkolik druh\u016f hantavir\u016f a i tehdy je extr\u00e9mn\u011b neefektivn\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed to vysv\u011btl\u00edm podrobn\u011bji s vyu\u017eit\u00edm dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 hysterie pramen\u00ed ze skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee se nyn\u00ed potvrdilo, \u017ee tento konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad je zp\u016fsoben virem Andes, specifick\u00fdm typem hantaviru. Ten byl identifikov\u00e1n v laborato\u0159i v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe u pacienta, kter\u00fd tam dost\u00e1val intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Virus Andes pat\u0159\u00ed do \u010deledi hantavir\u016f, ale zp\u016fsobuje hantavirov\u00fd kardiopulmon\u00e1ln\u00ed syndrom, kter\u00fd postihuje srdce a pl\u00edce, zejm\u00e9na v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee je to jeden z m\u00e1la vir\u016f, kter\u00e9 se mohou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka. To odli\u0161uje virus Andes od v\u011bt\u0161iny ostatn\u00edch hantavir\u016f, u kter\u00fdch je za infek\u010dn\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1n pouze kontakt s exkrementy hlodavc\u016f, jako je mo\u010d nebo v\u00fdkaly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Prvn\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm bodem, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit, je tzv. R0, kter\u00fd si pamatujeme z pandemie COVID-19. Jedn\u00e1 se o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed reproduk\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo. Kolik lid\u00ed je v pr\u016fm\u011bru naka\u017eeno jednou naka\u017eenou osobou, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee je vn\u00edmav\u00e1 cel\u00e1 populace? U andsk\u00e9ho viru je toto R0 v literatu\u0159e pova\u017eov\u00e1no za relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9, obvykle pod jedni\u010dkou. Studie z Chile a Argentiny uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed hodnoty p\u0159enosu z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka 0,2 a\u017e 0,6. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee naka\u017een\u00e1 osoba v pr\u016fm\u011bru nakaz\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jednu dal\u0161\u00ed osobu. A to je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d ohniska n\u00e1kazy obvykle z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed mal\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jen pro kontext: Existuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bdal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 \u00fadaje, nap\u0159\u00edklad R0 pro SARS-CoV-2 se pohybovalo mezi 2 a 5. U spalni\u010dek je to mezi 12 a 18. U\u017e jen to ukazuje, jak m\u00e1lo je andsk\u00fd virus naka\u017eliv\u00fd. Ale mo\u017en\u00e1 kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 anal\u00fdza nyn\u00ed vysv\u011btl\u00ed d\u016fvody t\u00e9to n\u00edzk\u00e9 naka\u017elivosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jde o kombinaci biologick\u00fdch a epidemiologick\u00fdch faktor\u016f. Prvn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je n\u00edzk\u00e1 virov\u00e1 n\u00e1lo\u017e, zejm\u00e9na v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1zi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Asymptomatick\u00ed pacienti nejsou infek\u010dn\u00ed a i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou naka\u017eeni, jsou vysoce naka\u017eliv\u00ed pouze po kr\u00e1tkou dobu, obvykle b\u011bhem f\u00e1ze onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kdy jsou ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomny jasn\u00e9 a z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mnoho infekc\u00ed, pokud k nim v\u016fbec dojde, se vyskytuje a\u017e v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eMnoho\u201c je u\u017e p\u0159ehnan\u00e9; mezi vz\u00e1cn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpady by se dalo \u0159\u00edct v\u011bt\u0161ina. A ano, to se d\u011bje v dob\u011b, kdy jsou jedinci obvykle ji\u017e izolovan\u00ed nebo v nemocnici, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se omezuje skupina populace, kter\u00e1 se m\u016f\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nakazit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Druh\u00fdm d\u016fvodem je, \u017ee p\u0159enos vy\u017eaduje velmi bl\u00edzk\u00fd osobn\u00ed kontakt. To znamen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd kontakt s t\u011blesn\u00fdmi tekutinami, jako jsou sliny nebo krev. To je tak\u00e9 d\u016fvod, pro\u010d se ohniska n\u00e1kazy obvykle omezuj\u00ed na kontakty v dom\u00e1cnosti nebo na pe\u010dovatele.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Dosud pozorovan\u00e1 a zdokumentovan\u00e1 ohniska n\u00e1kazy byla sporadick\u00e1 a v\u017edy mal\u00e1. To je d\u00e1no t\u00edm, \u017ee i v situac\u00edch, jako byly ty pozorovan\u00e9 v Chile a Argentin\u011b, kde do\u0161lo k p\u0159enosu z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka, je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed reproduk\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo tak n\u00edzk\u00e9 (m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jedna), \u017ee naka\u017een\u00ed jsou obvykle izolov\u00e1ni, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee b\u011bhem vysoce naka\u017eliv\u00e9 f\u00e1ze jsou kontakty omezen\u00e9 jednodu\u0161e proto, \u017ee tito jedinci maj\u00ed omezen\u00fd kontakt s jin\u00fdmi lidmi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">A je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee z biologick\u00e9ho hlediska se virus v t\u011ble rychle mno\u017e\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se u lid\u00ed \u010dasto rozvine t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Znamen\u00e1 to v\u0161ak tak\u00e9, \u017ee b\u011bhem infek\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1ze po\u010det kontakt\u016f p\u0159irozen\u011b kles\u00e1, proto\u017ee lid\u00e9 se obvykle ji\u017e nevyskytuj\u00ed na ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tak\u017ee shrneme-li v\u0161echny faktory, m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ano, k p\u0159enosu viru Andes z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka doch\u00e1z\u00ed, ale po\u010dty jsou extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9, a to je zp\u016fsobeno mal\u00fdm reproduk\u010dn\u00edm po\u010dtem, kr\u00e1tkou a relativn\u011b pozdn\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee k p\u0159enosu doch\u00e1z\u00ed pouze bl\u00edzk\u00fdm kontaktem a skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee mobilita je v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi obvykle omezena t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee v souvislosti s touto epidemi\u00ed se okam\u017eit\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkolik spole\u010dnost\u00ed pracuje na vakc\u00edn\u00e1ch proti vir\u016fm nebo jejich injekc\u00edch ji\u017e l\u00e9ta, v principu dob\u0159e zapad\u00e1 do obrazu sou\u010dasn\u00e9 hysterie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Osobn\u011b douf\u00e1m, \u017ee m\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pomohla obnovit ur\u010ditou objektivitu a \u017ee situaci nyn\u00ed lze posoudit s trochu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm klidem. S ohledem na to p\u0159eji v\u0161e nejlep\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Profesor Dr. Haditsch vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee hantaviry jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ji\u017e des\u00edtky let a obvykle se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":106219,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[10969,3606,1503,4472],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106218"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106218\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/106219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}