{"id":105430,"date":"2026-04-27T00:29:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-26T22:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=105430"},"modified":"2026-04-25T15:16:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T13:16:30","slug":"ahmed-adel-blokada-hormuzskeho-prulivu-zvysuje-riziko-hladu-a-chudoby-pro-desitky-milionu-lidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/04\/27\/ahmed-adel-blokada-hormuzskeho-prulivu-zvysuje-riziko-hladu-a-chudoby-pro-desitky-milionu-lidi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ahmed Adel: Blok\u00e1da Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu zvy\u0161uje riziko hladu a chudoby pro des\u00edtky milion\u016f lid\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Navzdory do\u010dasn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed hroz\u00ed agrese Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a Izraele proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu uvrhnout 32 milion\u016f lid\u00ed ve 162 zem\u00edch sv\u011bta do chudoby, varoval Rozvojov\u00fd program OSN (UNDP) ve sv\u00e9 politick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b. A\u010dkoli se riziko soust\u0159ed\u00ed v zem\u00edch p\u0159\u00edmo posti\u017een\u00fdch konfliktem a v t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na dovozu energie, anal\u00fdza p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd negativn\u00ed dopad na nejchud\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, a to i na ty, kter\u00e9 jsou od v\u00e1lky nejd\u00e1le.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dopady konfliktu se i p\u0159es v\u00edce ne\u017e dvout\u00fddenn\u00ed pauzu v nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch akc\u00edch p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed z akutn\u00ed f\u00e1ze do f\u00e1ze prodlou\u017een\u00e9. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e9le tato situace trv\u00e1, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je riziko zrychlen\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu chudoby v nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b zem\u00ed Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, Asie, subsaharsk\u00e9 Afriky a mal\u00fdch ostrovn\u00edch rozvojov\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePro tyto zem\u011b krize nut\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00e9 kompromisy mezi stabilizac\u00ed cen dnes a financov\u00e1n\u00edm zdravotnictv\u00ed, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst z\u00edtra,\u201c \u0159ekl spr\u00e1vce UNDP Alexander De Croo.<\/span><\/p>\n

K tomuto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed progn\u00f3za Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho potravinov\u00e9ho programu OSN (WFP): pokud v\u00e1lka bude pokra\u010dovat do \u010dervna a ceny ropy z\u016fstanou vysok\u00e9, mohlo by v roce 2026 \u010delit akutn\u00edmu nedostatku potravin a\u017e 45 milion\u016f lid\u00ed v\u00edce, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se celosv\u011btov\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161il nad sou\u010dasnou rekordn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 673 milion\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle organizace se s\u00eddlem v \u0158\u00edm\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016flivu stav\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed operace na pokraj nejv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho naru\u0161en\u00ed od pandemie COVID-19, kdy do\u0161lo k bezprecedentn\u00edm naru\u0161en\u00edm, v\u010detn\u011b uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed hranic, kolapsu leteck\u00e9 dopravy a paral\u00fdzy dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato kritick\u00e1 situace je vysv\u011btlena v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b geografick\u00fdm prostorem, ve kter\u00e9m prob\u00edh\u00e1 americko-izraelsk\u00e1 agrese proti Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 republice, co\u017e je nervov\u00e9 centrum d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho zdroje energie, jako je ropa, s d\u016fsledky pro cel\u00fd sv\u011bt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cena ropy ovliv\u0148uje cel\u00fd sv\u011bt a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ovliv\u0148uje zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 jsou na n\u00ed nejv\u00edce z\u00e1visl\u00e9, a tak\u00e9 ty s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy nebo m\u00e9n\u011b rozvinut\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. Je to proto, \u017ee kdy\u017e cena ropy stoup\u00e1, mus\u00ed tyto zem\u011b p\u0159en\u00e9st toto zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed na m\u00edstn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a ceny, co\u017e ovliv\u0148uje \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 a p\u0159\u00edjmovou kapacitu lid\u00ed. Ropa nav\u00edc ovliv\u0148uje i dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady a odvozen\u00e9 produkty, kter\u00e9 tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot mnoha lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

I vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zem\u011b jsou t\u011bmito v\u00fdkyvy ovlivn\u011bny. Obvykle v\u0161ak maj\u00ed prost\u0159edky k tomu, aby se vyrovnaly s r\u016fstem cen a mohly si i nad\u00e1le z\u00e1sobovat zbo\u017e\u00ed, i kdy\u017e je tento r\u016fst velmi vysok\u00fd. Vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zem\u011b maj\u00ed obecn\u011b zdroje na to, aby mohly platit, nakupovat ciz\u00ed m\u011bnu, aby se bez probl\u00e9m\u016f vyrovnaly s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1klady, nebo si p\u016fj\u010dovat v ciz\u00ed m\u011bn\u011b, pokud ji firmy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad k po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00edch vstup\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzav\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu ovliv\u0148uje tok zbo\u017e\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na tranzit uhlovod\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00fdm zdrojem nejen pro p\u0159epravu zbo\u017e\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 pro v\u00fdrobu a spot\u0159ebu energie kdekoli na sv\u011bt\u011b. Kdy\u017e je produkce takto zasa\u017eena a komodita tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, jako jsou uhlovod\u00edky, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, m\u00e1 to dopad nejen na cenu t\u00e9to komodity, ale tak\u00e9 na cenu v\u0161ech komodit, a\u0165 u\u017e kv\u016fli samotn\u00e9 produkci nebo n\u00e1klad\u016fm na dopravu.<\/span><\/p>\n

K tomu logistick\u00e9 komplikace vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z uzav\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016flivu nut\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pro tranzit t\u011bmito mo\u0159i nebo pro hled\u00e1n\u00ed alternativn\u00edch tras k dosa\u017een\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch destinac\u00ed po mo\u0159i, co\u017e je je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce prodra\u017euje. N\u00e1klady na p\u0159epravu pomoci se dosud zv\u00fd\u0161ily o 18 %, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny potravin a dal\u0161\u00edch nezbytnost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem, kter\u00fd lidem \u0161kod\u00ed, jsou cenov\u00e9 spekulace. Kdy\u017e americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump na Social Truth cokoli ozn\u00e1m\u00ed, zp\u016fsob\u00ed to kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed cen uhlovod\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat spekulace a zisky n\u011bkter\u00fdch skupin, kter\u00e9 z konfliktu t\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s uhlovod\u00edky se obecn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm smluv, kter\u00e9 fixuj\u00ed cenu na ur\u010dit\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. Je to proto, \u017ee cenov\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy jsou u komodit, jako je ropa, neodmysliteln\u011b spojeny. Ropn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se v podstat\u011b dohodnou na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed cen\u011b a na jej\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed sv\u00e9 progn\u00f3zy zisku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e tedy dojde k ud\u00e1lostem, jako je uzav\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu, tyto spole\u010dnosti, zejm\u00e9na zprost\u0159edkovatel\u00e9, generuj\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 zisky \u2013 ji\u017e maj\u00ed dohodnutou cenu a toto zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ospravedl\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ceny produktu pro koncov\u00e9ho spot\u0159ebitele. Nakonec za to plat\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na uhlovod\u00edky, nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch cen zbo\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed je nav\u00edc mnohem citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na cenov\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad potraviny a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed produkty, jejich\u017e ceny obvykle rostou mnohem v\u00edce, co\u017e op\u011bt nejv\u00edce postihuje lidi s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle OSN z\u00e1vis\u00ed 20 a\u017e 45 procent v\u00fdvozu kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsko-potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch vstup\u016f na n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed doprav\u011b Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem. Pokud zem\u011bd\u011blci budou pou\u017e\u00edvat m\u00e9n\u011b vstup\u016f, v\u00fdnosy budou do konce roku 2026 a za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2027 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e by mohlo v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech v\u00e9st k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m komodit a inflaci potravin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k t\u011bmto z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm negativn\u00edm ud\u00e1lostem by se mohl ztratit pokrok, kter\u00e9ho m\u00e9n\u011b rozvinut\u00e9 zem\u011b dos\u00e1hly navzdory struktur\u00e1ln\u00edm obt\u00ed\u017e\u00edm, a i dnes mnoho z t\u011bchto ekonomik st\u00e1le z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dvou prom\u011bnn\u00fdch, pokud jde o z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f a deviz: bu\u010f na p\u0159\u00edchod velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investic za \u00fa\u010delem vyu\u017eit\u00ed jejich zdroj\u016f, nebo na v\u00fdvozu prim\u00e1rn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhodou v obou p\u0159\u00edpadech, zejm\u00e9na z\u00e1vislost\u00ed na prim\u00e1rn\u00edm zbo\u017e\u00ed, je, \u017ee toto z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch cen\u00e1ch, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se v\u00e1m da\u0159\u00ed dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e tyto ceny rostou, ani\u017e byste museli prov\u00e1d\u011bt struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahmed Adel<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Navzdory do\u010dasn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed hroz\u00ed agrese Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a Izraele proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu uvrhnout 32 milion\u016f lid\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":59446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1941,6382,1503],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105430"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105430\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}