{"id":105111,"date":"2026-04-22T00:15:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T22:15:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=105111"},"modified":"2026-04-21T10:27:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T08:27:23","slug":"evropa-celi-letni-palivove-krizi-protoze-valka-s-iranem-drasticky-snizuje-dodavky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/04\/22\/evropa-celi-letni-palivove-krizi-protoze-valka-s-iranem-drasticky-snizuje-dodavky\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa \u010del\u00ed letn\u00ed palivov\u00e9 krizi, proto\u017ee v\u00e1lka s \u00cdr\u00e1nem drasticky sni\u017euje dod\u00e1vky"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Evropa \u010del\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed krizi leteck\u00e9ho paliva, jeliko\u017e v\u00e1lka s \u00cdr\u00e1nem a nepokoje v Hormuzsk\u00e9 oblasti p\u0159eru\u0161uj\u00ed dod\u00e1vky \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch paliv z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed rafin\u00e9ri\u00ed a rostouc\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na dovozu u\u010dinily Evropu velmi zranitelnou, s omezen\u00fdmi alternativami a rostouc\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed z Asie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ji\u017e nyn\u00ed sni\u017euj\u00ed kapacitu a varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi cenami letenek, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zhor\u0161en\u00ed nedostatku paliva hroz\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed let\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zrychlen\u00e9 uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed rafin\u00e9ri\u00ed v posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed a rostouc\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na petroleji z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu op\u011bt odhalily zranitelnost Evropy v oblasti dod\u00e1vek energie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evrop\u0161t\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 se ji\u017e l\u00e9ta mus\u00ed b\u011bhem letn\u00ed cestovn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny pot\u00fdkat s kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi st\u00e1vkami pozemn\u00edho person\u00e1lu a palubn\u00edch pr\u016fvod\u010d\u00edch. Letos se v\u0161ak st\u00e1vky mohou jevit jako drobn\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00edjemnost ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s t\u00edm, co by mohlo p\u0159ij\u00edt za n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f \u2013 krize leteck\u00e9ho paliva, kter\u00e1 by mohla odlo\u017eit lety a zv\u00fd\u0161it ceny letenek.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka v \u00cdr\u00e1nu p\u0159eru\u0161ila v\u011bt\u0161inu dovozu leteck\u00e9ho paliva do Evropy, zat\u00edmco m\u00edstn\u00ed produkce kles\u00e1 ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e des\u00edtky rafineri\u00ed byly trvale uzav\u0159eny nebo p\u0159evedeny na v\u00fdrobu biopaliv.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka v \u00cdr\u00e1nu a uzav\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezily dod\u00e1vky leteck\u00e9ho paliva do Evropy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ceny prudce vzrostly na v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 dolar\u016f za barel. Posledn\u00ed dovoz z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu, dodan\u00fd tankery, kter\u00e9 propluly Hormuzem p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky, dorazil, tak\u017ee pro nov\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky zb\u00fdv\u00e1 pouze jedna alternativa \u2013 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Toto mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u0161ak nesta\u010d\u00ed k nahrazen\u00ed ztracen\u00e9ho leteck\u00e9ho paliva z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Evropa tak\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed st\u00e1le siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konkurenci z Asie o tyto n\u00e1klady, jeliko\u017e krize zas\u00e1hla Asii jako prvn\u00ed: Dod\u00e1vky ropy z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu se zhroutily, asijsk\u00e9 rafinerie sn\u00ed\u017eily svou produkci a zem\u011b zavedly v\u00fdvozn\u00ed omezen\u00ed paliv, aby ochr\u00e1nily sv\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed dod\u00e1vky.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2009 v Evrop\u011b st\u00e1le fungovalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100 rafin\u00e9ri\u00ed. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 asociace v\u00fdrobc\u016f paliv bylo od t\u00e9 doby 28 z t\u011bchto rafin\u00e9ri\u00ed \u2013 v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 % z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu z\u00e1vod\u016f a 16 % kapacity rafin\u00e9ri\u00ed \u2013 uzav\u0159eno nebo p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bno.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco rafinerie byly uzav\u00edr\u00e1ny \u2013 kv\u016fli klesaj\u00edc\u00ed popt\u00e1vce po palivech v Evrop\u011b a politik\u00e1m sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed \u2013 z\u00e1vislost Evropy na dovozu rostla. Naru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu zastihlo Evropu nep\u0159ipravenou, pokud jde o energetickou bezpe\u010dnost, ji\u017e podruh\u00e9 za pouh\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i roky, a to po kolapsu dod\u00e1vek zemn\u00edho plynu z Ruska v roce 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n

Analytici a prognostici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee tentokr\u00e1t by krize v leteck\u00e9m palivu mohla b\u00fdt na spadnut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agentury (IEA) Evropa loni dovezla zhruba t\u0159etinu leteck\u00e9ho paliva, kter\u00e9 spot\u0159ebovala, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e 75 % tohoto dovozu poch\u00e1zelo z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jej\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00fd \u0159editel Fatih Birol tento t\u00fdden varoval, \u017ee Evropa m\u00e1 \u201emo\u017en\u00e1 jen na \u0161est t\u00fddn\u016f\u201c zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1sob leteck\u00e9ho paliva.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePokud se n\u00e1m nepoda\u0159\u00ed otev\u0159\u00edt Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv\u2026 pak v\u00e1m mohu \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee brzy usly\u0161\u00edme zpr\u00e1vy o tom, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 lety z m\u011bsta A do m\u011bsta B mohou b\u00fdt zru\u0161eny kv\u016fli nedostatku leteck\u00e9ho paliva,\u201c \u0159ekl Birol v rozhovoru pro Associated Press.<\/span><\/p>\n

Severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropa pat\u0159\u00ed mezi regiony nejv\u00edce posti\u017een\u00e9 kriz\u00ed leteck\u00fdch paliv. Dovoz ji\u017e tento m\u011bs\u00edc klesl pod historicky norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 a pokles se v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch t\u00fddnech pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zrychl\u00ed, jeliko\u017e v\u00edce americk\u00fdch z\u00e1silek leteck\u00fdch paliv m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do Asie ne\u017e do Evropy, uvedl ve \u010dtvrte\u010dn\u00ed anal\u00fdze Ernest Censier, tr\u017en\u00ed analytik spole\u010dnosti Vortexa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patn\u00e1ctiprocentn\u00ed pokles evropsk\u00e9ho dovozu leteck\u00e9ho paliva v dubnu \u201eodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu: zhruba polovina dovozu leteck\u00e9ho paliva do severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy obvykle proch\u00e1z\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem,\u201c uvedl Censier.<\/span><\/p>\n

Analytik d\u00e1le dodal, \u017ee relativn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 p\u0159epravn\u00ed doba, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 21 dn\u00ed, z Mina Abdulla v Kuvajtu do Rotterdamu znamen\u00e1, \u017ee naru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek rychle ovliv\u0148uje region\u00e1ln\u00ed dovoz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se etablovaly jako prim\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroj alternativ k naru\u0161en\u00fdm dod\u00e1vk\u00e1m z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu, ale je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by to trvalo, jeliko\u017e americk\u00fd export leteck\u00e9ho paliva je st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n do tichomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho regionu. Tento m\u011bs\u00edc dos\u00e1hl sedmilet\u00e9ho maxima a nyn\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 % celkov\u00e9ho exportu leteck\u00e9ho paliva z USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTento posun odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bnu ve v\u00fdvozu americk\u00fdch produkt\u016f sm\u011brem k oblasti Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu,\u201c vysv\u011btlil Censier ze spole\u010dnosti Vortexa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa je tak siln\u011b vystavena turbulenc\u00edm na trz\u00edch s leteck\u00fdmi palivy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Skupina Lufthansa, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, ve \u010dtvrtek ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee urychluje pl\u00e1ny na zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed letov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du a d\u0159\u00edve vy\u0159azen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch letadel z provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eVzhledem k v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm cen\u00e1m petroleje, kter\u00e9 se ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dobou p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou v \u00cdr\u00e1nu v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobily, a tak\u00e9 k dodate\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei v d\u016fsledku pracovn\u00edch spor\u016f.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eBal\u00ed\u010dek opat\u0159en\u00ed pro urychlen\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se flotily a kapacity je nevyhnuteln\u00fd vzhledem k prudce rostouc\u00edm cen\u00e1m petroleje a geopolitick\u00e9 nestabilit\u011b,\u201c uvedl Till Streichert, finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0159editel skupiny Lufthansa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tsvetana Para\u0161kov\u00e1<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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Evropa \u010del\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed krizi leteck\u00e9ho paliva, jeliko\u017e v\u00e1lka s \u00cdr\u00e1nem a nepokoje v Hormuzsk\u00e9 oblasti…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":105112,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1257,283,1503,371],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105111"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105111"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105111\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/105112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}